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Toxicity Assessment of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Leachate Collected in Different Seasons from Okhala Landfill Site of Delhi

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2015年第6期8卷 357-369页

作者： Anshu Gupta paulraj rajamani School of Environmental Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India

Recent studies of leachate induced toxicity have mainly focused on crude leachates collected once from the landfill site, while little attention has been paid to the changes in toxicity resulting from the varying leachate concentration with respect to seasonal variation. The present study deals with the toxicological effects of municipal landfill leachate on Vicia faba. Leachate samples were collected in different seasons (summer, monsoon and winter) and toxicity study was performed via various parameters like germination inhibition, growth, chlorophyll content, lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes. The results show that landfill leachate of all three seasons promoted the growth and chlorophyll content at lower doses for short exposure time but at the higher doses there was inhibition of growth as well as reduction in the chlorophyll content. There was a dose dependent elevation in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level and inhibited antioxidant enzyme activities. The physiological responses varied as a function of leachate concentration which was further dependent on the season of leachate collection. Therefore, this study suggests that the leachate collected in all the three seasons is toxic and may pose a health effect to the general public directly or indirectly. It also suggests that the most important aspect for the treatment of landfill leachate is controlling its concentration which varies with respect to the seasons of leachate collection.

关键词： Landfill Leachate Toxicity Seasonal Variation Inhibition Health Effects

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Identification, Quantification and <i>In-Vitro</i>Genotoxicity of Major Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons Produced by Sugarcane Fly Ash Emitted from Sugarmill

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2019年第10期10卷 1244-1261页

作者： Akanksha Verma Ramovatar Meena Anurag Maurya Usha Singh Gaharwar paulraj rajamani School of Environmental Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India

Sugarcane burning during harvest and non-harvest season emits various pollutants like volatile organic compounds (VOCs), alkanes, and PAHs (Polyaromatic hydrocarbons) in the surrounding environment. Among these pollutants, PAHs are of uttermost concern due to their high level of toxicity. Burning of sugarcane bagase in sugar mill results in the production of fly ash. Fly ash is produced as a result of sugarcane bagasse burning in sugar mills. In present study, fly ash that comes out from the sugar mill chimney was collected from Western Uttar Pradesh, India and used for further analysis. High temperature and incomplete combustion inside chimney lead to the formation of PAHs. Extraction of PAHs present in fly ash samples was done by ultrasonication method and was identified with GC-FID (gas chromatography-flame ionization detector). Results exhibit the presence of eight PAHs in fly ash samples where the Benzo(a)pyrene and Naphthalene were found to be in high concentration. Furthermore, we have evaluated toxic effects of fly ash and Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (Standard of BaP & Nap) through different methods i.e. MTT, ROS and comet assay. Significant reduction (p < 0.001) in cell viability was noted in cells treated with fly ash as compared to control. Fly ash samples were also found to induce significant oxidative stress in HeLa cells, which ultimately causes DNA damage. Therefore, it may be concluded that the fly ash samples are toxic to the environment due to the presence of PAHs. Hence, the present study plays an important role in determining the harmful effects of PAHs and their source of occurrence.

关键词： Sugarcane Fly Ash Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) DNA Damage Environmental Toxicity

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