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Percutaneous nephrostomy versus ureteral stent in hydronephrosis secondary to obstructive urolithiasis:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 261-270页

作者： Andreia Cardoso Aparício Coutinho Gonçalo neto Sara Anacleto Catarina Laranjo Tinoco Nuno Morais Mário Cerqueira-Alves Estevão Lima paulo Mota Department of Urology Hospital de BragaBragaPortugal School of Medicine University of MinhoBragaPortugal Association(2CA-Braga).School of Medicine University of MinhoBragaPortugal

Objective: To assess if there is a preferable intervention between retrograde ureteral stent (RUS) and percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) tube, in cases of upper urinary tract stone obstruction with complications requiring urgent drainage, by evaluating outcomes regarding urinary symptoms, quality of life (QoL), spontaneous stone passage, and length of hospital stays, since there is no literature stating the superiority of one modality over the ***: We searched MEDLINE and other sources for relevant articles in June 2019 without any date restrictions or filters applied. The selection was done first by the title and abstract screening and then by full-text assessment for eligibility. Only randomized controlled trials or cohort studies in patients with hydronephrosis secondary to obstructive urolithiasis that presented comparative data between PCN and RUS placement concerning at least one of the defined outcome measures were included. Lastly, MEDLINE database and PubMed platform were screened again using the same terms, from June 2019 until November ***: Of 556 initial articles, seven were included in this review. Most works were considered of moderate-to-high quality. Three studies regarding QoL showed a tendency against stenting, even though only one demonstrated statistically significant negative impact on overall health state. Two works reported significantly more post-intervention urinary symptoms in stenting patients. One article found that PCN is a significant predictor of spontaneous stone passage, when adjusted for stone size and location. Findings on length of hospital stays were not consistent among ***: PCN appears to be the intervention better tolerated, with less impact on the patient’s perceived QoL and less post-operative urinary symptoms, in comparison with RUS. Nevertheless, further studies with larger samples and a randomized controlled design are suggested.

关键词： Ureteral stent Percutaneous nephrostomy Obstructive urolithiasis Urinary symptoms Quality of life

Efficacy of acupuncture on cancer pain:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第3期22卷 235-244页

作者： Miguel Faria Mónica Teixeira Maria João Pinto paulo Sargento Núcleo de Investigação em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde Instituto Politécnico da Lusofonia1950-396 LisboaPortugal Clínica São João de Deus 1700-048 LisboaPortugal REQUIMTE/LAQV(Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde) Instituto Superior de EngenhariaInstituto Politécnico do Porto4051-401 PortoPortugal Hospital SOERAD 2560-312 Torres VedrasPortugal Centro de Estudos Avançados em Direito“Francisco Suarez ”1749-024 LisboaPortugal

Background:Pain associated with cancer is one of the greatest causes of reduced quality of life in *** is one of the treatments used to address this issue,with the great advantage of having little or no side effects,especially when compared with pharmacological ***:The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the current evidence regarding the efficacy of acupuncture for cancer *** strategy:Six electronic databases(PubMed,EBSCO,Cochrane Library,Scielo,b-On and Scopus)were searched for relevant articles about pain relief in cancer patients from their beginning until 2022using MeSH terms such as“acupuncture,”“electroacupuncture,”“ear acupuncture,”“acupuncture analgesia,”“oncological pain,”and“cancer pain.”Inclusion criteria:Studies included were randomized controlled trials(RCTs)where acupuncture was compared with no treatment,placebo acupuncture or usual *** extraction and analysis:Three independent reviewers participated in data extraction and evaluation of risk of bias,and a meta-analysis was *** primary outcome was pain intensity,measured with the visual analog scale,numeric rating scale,or brief pain *** outcomes also assessed were quality of life,functionality,xerostomia,pain interference,and analgesic *** were expressed as standardized mean difference(SMD)with 95%confidence interval(CI).Results:Sixteen RCTs with a total of 1124 participants were included in the meta-analysis,with the majority of the studies presenting a low or unclear risk of *** was more effective in reducing pain than no treatment(SMD=–0.90,95%CI[–1.68,–0.12]),sham acupuncture(SMD=–1.10,95%CI[–1.59,–0.61])or usual care(SMD=–1.16,95%CI[–1.38,–0.93]).Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that acupuncture may be an effective intervention to reduce pain associated with *** some limitations due to the low quality and small sample size of some included st

关键词： Acupuncture Cancer pain Meta-analysis Systematic review

Customized scaffolds for large bone defects using 3D‑printed modular blocks from 2D‑medical images

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第1期7卷 74-87页

作者： Anil AAcar Evangelos Daskalakis paulo Bartolo Andrew Weightman Glen Cooper Gordon Blunn Bahattin Koc Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci UniversityIstanbul 34956Türkiye D Bioprinting Laboratory Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application CenterIstanbul 34956Türkiye School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringManchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences University of PortsmouthPortsmouth PO12UPUK

Additive manufacturing(AM)has revolutionized the design and manufacturing of patient-specific,three-dimensional(3D),complex porous structures known as scaffolds for tissue engineering *** use of advanced image acquisition techniques,image processing,and computer-aided design methods has enabled the precise design and additive manufacturing of anatomically correct and patient-specific implants and ***,these sophisticated techniques can be timeconsuming,labor-intensive,and ***,the necessary imaging and manufacturing equipment may not be readily available when urgent treatment is needed for trauma *** this study,a novel design and AM methods are proposed for the development of modular and customizable scaffold blocks that can be adapted to fit the bone defect area of a *** modular scaffold blocks can be combined to quickly form any patient-specific scaffold directly from two-dimensional(2D)medical images when the surgeon lacks access to a 3D printer or cannot wait for lengthy 3D imaging,modeling,and 3D printing during *** proposed method begins with developing a bone surface-modeling algorithm that reconstructs a model of the patient’s bone from 2D medical image measurements without the need for expensive 3D medical imaging or *** algorithm can generate both patient-specific and average bone ***,a biomimetic continuous path planning method is developed for the additive manufacturing of scaffolds,allowing porous scaffold blocks with the desired biomechanical properties to be manufactured directly from 2D data or *** algorithms are implemented,and the designed scaffold blocks are 3D printed using an extrusion-based AM *** and instructions are also provided to assist surgeons in assembling scaffold blocks for the self-repair of patient-specific large bone defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Modular scaffolds Large bone defect Customized scaffold design Patient-specific scaffolds

Annual variation of adult survival of a south-temperate House Wren population in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 229-237页

作者： Gustavo J.Fernandez Mariana E.Carro paulo E.Llambías Grupo de Investigacion en Ecofisiología de Fauna Silvestre INIBIOMA-CONICETAsentamiento Universitario San Martín de los Andes(AUSMA)Universidad Nacional Del ComahuePasaje de la Paz 235(8370)San Martín de los AndesNeuquenArgentina Grupo de Investigacion de Biología de Aves IADIZA CCT-MendozaUniversidad Nacional de CuyoAvenida RuizLeal s/n Parque General San Martin5500MendozaArgentina

Identifying factors affecting the survival of individuals is essential for understanding the evolution of life-history traits and population *** numerous studies on this subject in north-temperate environments,there is a lack of equivalent studies at similar latitudes in the ***,we used a 14-year dataset of capture,banding,and resighting to estimate the annual variation in the apparent adult survival probability of a south-temperate population of House Wrens(Troglodytes aedon bonariae).We evaluated temporal variation in sur-vival and the effect of environmental(climatic)and demographic variables(adult abundance,total number of fledglings produced during each breeding season)on survival *** found that the probability of adult survival decreased as the abundance of breeding adults *** density-dependent effect could be related to the resident lifestyle of southern House Wrens,which could determine an intense competition for territories and resources that ultimately would affect their survival.

关键词： Annual variation CJS Density-dependence Survival Troglodytes aedon bonariae

Ballistic design and testing of a composite armour reinforced by CNTs suitable for armoured vehicles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第2期32卷 173-195页

作者： Evangelos Ch.Tsirogiannis Evangelos Daskalakis Mohamed H.Hassan Abdalla M.Omar paulo Bartolo EODH SA Research and Development DepartmentLakkoma Chalkidikis63080Greece School of Mechanical Aerospace and Civil EngineeringUniversity of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK Singapore Centre for 3D Printing School of Mechanical and Aerospace EngineeringNanyang Technological University639798Singapore

This paper is investigating the use of composite armour reinforced by nanomaterials, for the protection of light armoured(LAV) and medium armoured military vehicles(MAV), and the interaction between the composite materials and high-performance ballistic projectiles. Four armour materials, consisted of front hybrid fibre reinforced polymer cover layer, ceramic strike-face, fibre reinforced polymer intermediate layer and the metal matrix composite reinforced backplate, were manufactured and assembled by adhesive technology. The proposed laminated protection system is suitable for armoured ground vehicles;however, it could be used as armour on ground, air and naval platforms. The design of the protection system, including material selection and thickness, was elaborated depending on the performance requirements of Level 4 + STANAG 4569 military standard(projectile 14.5 mm × 114 mm API B32) and especially on a design philosophy which is analysed with the specifications. The backplate of this new composite is a hybrid material of Metal Matrix Composite(MMC) reinforced with carbon nanotubes(CNTs), manufactured with the use of powder metallurgy technique. The composite backplate material was morphologically, mechanically and chemically analysed. Results show that all plates are presenting high mechanical properties and ballistic characteristics, compared to commonly used armour plates. Real military ballistic tests according to AEP-STANAG 4569 were carried out for the total composite armour systems. After the ballistic tests, AA2024-CNT3 showed the best protection results, compared with the other plates(AA2024-CNT1 and AA2024-CNT2), with the projectile being unable to fully penetrate the composite plate.

关键词： Passive armour protection Protective armour Ballistic performance Hybrid composites Vehicle protection

Temporal and spatial differences in human activities performed in Urban Green Spaces of Vilnius(Lithuania)

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 302-317页

作者： Luís Valença Pinto Carla Sofia Santos Ferreira paulo Pereira Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society(CERNAS) Polytechnic Institute of CoimbraBencanta3045-601 CoimbraPortugal Environmental Management Laboratory Mykolas Romeris UniversityVilniusLithuania Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra Applied Research InstituteRua da MisericórdiaLagar dos Cortiços-S.Martinho do Bispo3045-093 CoimbraPortugal

Urban green spaces(UGS)are relevant to city well-being,as recognized by the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).However,few studies have studied the temporal use of *** work assessed the seasonal,weekly,and daily use of three urban green spaces(Vingis Park,Bernardino Garden,and Jomantas Park)in Vilnius(Lithuania).The study is based on an on-site observation-based survey,which recorded users’characteristics,activities,and weather conditions during summer and *** results showed that UGS’s seasonal,weekly,and daily use differed according to park and users’*** with a higher diversity of facilities had a high seasonal difference in the number of observed *** numbers were higher in the summer for activities with children,social activities,sports,and water activities than in the *** Park had the lowest variability in user *** variables were linked to changes in users’*** precipitation and lower temperature were associated with reducing the number of users and the diversity of registered *** of the stationary activities were observed during *** diversity of the observed activities was associated with the available facilities rather than the park *** distribution of stationary activities was spatially correlated with facility/equipment(benches,playgrounds,sports,and fitness equipment)and proximity to water *** results of this study are relevant for UGS design,planning,and management.

关键词： Urban parks Seasonal differences Temporal use Time of day Spatial distribution of UGS users

Comparison of Surgical Techniques Used in Treating Acromioclavicular Dislocation in Patients Participating in Sports: A Systematic Review

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期14卷 41-52页

作者： Walter Hugo Brandão Nascimento paulo Renan matos Sucupira Cunha João Pedro Pimentel Abreu Lethycia Pereira Rosa Kamilly Iêda Silva Veigas Rodrigo Martins Silva Caetano Orthopedic and Trauma Surgeon Brazilian Army Rio de Janeiro Brazil Orthopedic and Trauma Surgeon S&atildeo Luís Brazil Scholarship Holder National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) S&atildeo Luís Brazil School of Medicine Federal University of Maranh&atildeo (UFMA) S&atildeo Luís Brazil Orthopedic and Trauma Surgeon Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Specialist University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranh&atildeo (HUUFMA/EBSERH) S&atildeo Luís Brazil

Introduction: The acromioclavicular joint is a superficial diarthrodial joint that surrounds the medial articular facet of the acromion and the distal portion of the clavicle. Due to its anatomy and biomechanics, it is highly susceptible to trauma and in young men who play contact sports, acromioclavicular dislocation is common. This article aimed to systematically review the literature and compare the surgical techniques used in the treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation in patients who practice sports. Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to the International Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Eligible studies for this systematic review included articles in English or Spanish published between 2013 and 2023, which mention the occurrence of acromioclavicular dislocation during sports practices. Additionally, only studies that addressed the surgical treatment of acromion-clavicular dislocation and contained original data on the topic were included. Results: We found 144 eligible studies after searching the LILACS and PubMed databases. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the reviewers’ consensus, we selected four studies for the systematic review. 133 patients with AC joint displacement were evaluated. Mean Age: approximately 31.90 years. 81.92 of these injuries occurred during sports practice. Surgical Procedures Used: titanium plates fixation (49 patients), arthroscopy (24), single tunnel technique (30) and coracoid sling technique (30). The results of the visual analog scale and Constant-Murley scores varied between the techniques used. Twenty-two complications after surgical treatment were identified. Conclusion: A significant variability of operative techniques can be used in the surgical approach of acromioclavicular dislocation, such as arthroscopy, single tunnel, coracoid sling and titanium plates. Although it presented excellent functional results compared to the other three tech

关键词： Acromioclavicular Joint Shoulder Dislocation Surgical Procedure Postoperative Complications Postoperative Care

Applying a Context-based Method to Build a Knowledge Graph for the Blue Amazon

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Data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 64-103页

作者： Pedro de Moraes Ligabue Anarosa Alves Franco Brandão Sarajane Marques Peres Fabio Gagliardi Cozman paulo Pirozelli Escola Politécnica Universidade de São PauloRua Visconde da Luz60São PauloSão Paulo 05508-010Brazi Escola Politécnica Universidade de São PauloAv.Prof.Luciano Gualbertotv 3158São Paulo 05508-010Brazil Escola de Artes Ciências e Humanidades Universidade de São PauloRua Arlindo Béttio1000São Paulo 03828-000Brazil Instituto de Estudos Avançados Universidade de São PauloRua da Praça do Relógio109São Paulo 05508-050Brazil

Knowledge graphs are employed in several tasks,such as question answering and recommendation systems,due to their ability to represent relationships between *** constructing such a graphs,however,remains an unresolved challenge within knowledge *** tackle this challenge,we propose CtxKG,a method specifically aimed at extracting knowledge graphs in a context of limited resources in which the only input is a set of unstructured text *** is based on OpenIE(a relationship triple extraction method)and BERT(a language model)and contains four stages:the extraction of relationship triples directly from text;the identification of synonyms across triples;the merging of similar entities;and the building of bridges between knowledge graphs of different *** method distinguishes itself from those in the current literature(i)through its use of the parse tree to avoid the overlapping entities produced by base implementations of OpenIE;and(ii)through its bridges,which create a connected network of graphs,overcoming a limitation similar methods have of one isolated graph per *** compare our method to two others by generating graphs for movie articles from Wikipedia and contrasting them with benchmark graphs built from the OMDb movie *** results suggest that our method is able to improve multiple aspects of knowledge graph *** also highlight the critical role that triple identification and named-entity recognition have in improving the quality of automatically generated graphs,suggesting future paths for ***,we apply CtxKG to build BlabKG,a knowledge graph for the Blue Amazon,and discuss possible improvements.

关键词： knowledge graph word embeddings relationship triple extraction Blue Amazon Atlantic Ocean Brazilian coast

Effect of drug therapies on self-reported chemosensory outcomes after COVID-19

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 88-96页

作者： Marco A.Fornazieri Bruno M.Cunha Samuel P.Nicácio Lucas K.Anzolin JoséL.B.da Silva Aristides Fernandes neto Deusdedit Brandão neto Richard L.Voegels Fábio D.R.Pinna Department of Surgery Londrina State UniversityLondrinaBrazil Department of Medicine Pontifical Catholic University of ParanáLondrinaBrazil Department of Otorhinolaryngology University of São PauloSao PauloBrazil Department of Otorhinolaryngology:Head and Neck Surgery Perelman School of MedicineSmell and Taste CenterUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA

Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of medications used following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)infection on self-reported alterations in taste and/or smell ***:Seven hundred and fourteen persons with self-reported postcoronavirus disease 2019(post-COVID-19)chemosensory disorders were personally interviewed regarding specific medications they were administered following the acute phase of the *** dependent measure—self-reported total recovery of chemosensory symptoms—was subjected to stepwise logistic *** predictors included demographic and clinical variables,in addition to specific medications used to mitigate disease symptoms(i.e.,systemic corticosteroids,oseltamivir,vitamin C,ibuprofen,hydroxychloroquine,azithromycin,ivermectin,nitazoxanide,anticoagulants,and zinc).Results:The median time between COVID-19 symptom onset and the interviews was 81 days(interquartile range:60-104).Of the 714 subjects,249(34.9%)reported total recovery of their chemosensory function;437(61.2%)had at least one treatment since the beginning of the *** and those with more comorbidities had undergone more *** recovery rates of the treated and nontreated groups did not differ ***,respondents who had used nitazoxanide tended to have a higher rate of self-reported taste or smell *** who took oral zinc were less likely to ***:No medication employed during the first months after SARS-CoV-2 infection had a clear positive effect on returning self-reported smell or taste function to normal,although nitrazoxide trended in a positive *** zinc had a negative effect on the reported recovery of these senses.

关键词： chemosensory disorder coronavirus infections COVID-19 drug therapy SARS-CoV-2 smell loss taste loss