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Optimal Unknown Pollution Source Characterization in a Contaminated Groundwater Aquifer—Evaluation of a Developed Dedicated Software Tool

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2014年第5期2卷 41-51页

作者： Bithin Datta Om Prakash pauline Cassou Mathieu Valetaud Discipline of Civil and Environmental Engineering School of Engineering and Physical Sciences James Cook University Townsville QLD 4811 AUSTRALIA & CRC for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment Mawson Lakes SA 5095 Australia école Nationale Supérieure d’Ingénieurs de Limoges (ENSIL) Université de Limoges 87068 Limoges France

Precise identification of the pollutant source characteristics is the first step for designing an effective groundwater contamination remediation strategy. In this study a linked simulation-optimization based methodology is utilized for identification of unknown groundwater pollution sources in a real life contaminated aquifer in New South wales, Australia where the source locations and source flux release history are the explicit unknown variables. The methodology is applied utilizing an in house software package GwSID developed at James Cook University for optimal determination of the unknown source characteristics. The methodology incorporates linked simulation optimization approach and utilizes simulated Algorithm as an evolutionary optimization algorithm. The performance evaluation results show practical utility of the methodology and of the associated developed computers software in identifying the unknown source characteristics.

关键词： Groundwater Contamination Source Characterization Linked Simulation-Optimization

Birch Sap (Betula alba) and Chaga Mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) Extracts Show Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and DNA Protection/Repair Activity In Vitro

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2019年第2期9卷 188-205页

作者： Mohamed Softa Giuseppe Percoco Elian Lati pauline Bony INDERMA Dermatological Laboratory Ivry sur SeineFrance BIO-EC Laboratory LongjumeauFrance

OBJECTIVE: The skin interacts strictly with the surrounding environment. Despite an efficient system of protection, its integrity is continuously assaulted by a massive group of external stresses. UV irradiations represent one of the most harmful factors for the cutaneous tissue. Both UV-A and UV-B can induce deep modifications of the different layers of the skin, including a weakening of its barrier function properties, DNA damages and degradation of the extracellular matrix. The aim of this project was to assess the UV protection activity of two natural compounds, the birch sap from Betula alba and organic extract from Inonotus obliquus (chaga mushroom) used separately or in a complex. METHODS: The anti-oxidant (ROS and MDA quantification, catalase and SOD activity measurement), anti-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ dosages) and the DNA protection/repair activities (DNA lesion site analysis) of birch sap and chaga mushroom extracts tested separately or in a complex containing organic birch sap 5% and Inonotus obliquus extracts 2% were evaluated in vitro after exposure of cultured keratinocytes and fibroblasts or reconstructed epidermis to UV-A/UV-B irradiations. RESULTS: we observed that birch sap from Betula alba and extracts from Inonotus obliquus prevent the formation of ROS and decrease the oxidative stress induced under UV irradiations, suggesting a strong anti-oxidant activity. In addition, the tested products showed an immunomodulatory effect by reducing the quantity of pro-inflammatory cytokines upon UV irradiations. UV-induced DNA damages of keratinocytes were also reduced by birch sap and chaga mushroom extracts. CONCLUSION: Here, for the first time, we have shown the photo-protection activity of extracts obtained from Betula alba and Inonotus obliquus mushroom on skin cells exposed to UV-A and UV-B irradiations. Due to their anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and DNA protection/repair activities, the tested products represent promisi

关键词： Birch Sap Chaga Mushroom UV Irradiations Oxidative Stress Photo-Aging Natural Compounds

The regional employment implications of a net-zero economy in Costa Rica under uncertainty

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第6期14卷 988-999页

作者： Maria JoséSAUMA CHACON Alejandro MATARRITA VALVERDE Bernardo ZUNIGA ALVARADO Monica RODRiGUEZ-ZUNIGA Jairo QUIROs-TORTOS Luis ViCTOR-GALLARDO pauline SCHAAL Paula CUBILLOS Thierry DUPLAN Matthieu ROBIN Slim DALI Universidad de Costa Rica San Jose 11501-2060Costa Rica Agence Frangaise de Developpement Paris 75598 France

This study estimates job creation from Costa Rica's transition to net-zero emissions by 2050,contrasting it with a business-as-usual scenario(BAU)using employment multipliers from Costa Rica's input-output *** model is soft-linked with a bottom-up technology-rich regional model of the CLEw sectors in Costa Rica.A robust decision-making-inspired approach is taken to assess the effects of uncertainty on the *** study addresses a literature gap in modeling subnational employment while accounting for long-term uncertainty and allows to identify economic activities affected by the transformation,so that policies regarding a just transition can be properly developed and stakeholders incentivized to take active participation in the *** baseline assumptions,a net-zero economy would have 135 thousand more jobs by 2050 than the BAU,equivalent to 7%of the employed population in ***-related jobs would triple by mid-21st century,and regions capitalizing on renewables would perceive the highest *** considering uncertainty,the net jobs range between 35-750 *** net positive outcomes in terms of jobs are feasible,global governance should focus efforts on policies that enhance these.

关键词： Decarbonization Environmental policy Input-output Employment multipliers Costa Rica

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镁离子电池电解液的研究进展

Science Bulletin 2023年第16期68卷 1819-1842,M0004页

作者：满跃华 pauline Jaumaux 徐一帆费雅婷莫祥银汪国秀周小四 School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Center for Clean Energy Technology School of Mathematical and Physical ScienceFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology SydneyNew South Wales 2007Australia

镁离子电池因其高理论容量和丰富的自然资源被认为是下一代储能系统的潜在候选者.然而,镁离子电池的发展受到镁负极与常见的镁盐和传统有机液体电解液溶剂不相容的限制.因此,电解液的发展是开发高效镁离子电池的决定性因素.镁离子电池... 详细信息

镁离子电池因其高理论容量和丰富的自然资源被认为是下一代储能系统的潜在候选者.然而,镁离子电池的发展受到镁负极与常见的镁盐和传统有机液体电解液溶剂不相容的限制.因此,电解液的发展是开发高效镁离子电池的决定性因素.镁离子电池的进一步应用所面临的一个主要挑战是开发具有适当的电化学窗口、与镁负极兼容、安全性高的电解液.当前,用于镁离子电池的主要电解液类型包括有机液体电解液、水系电解液、离子液体电解液和固态电解质.本文强调了每个类别中高性能镁离子电池电解液的最新进展,对先进电解液的设计策略进行了系统评估,分析了每种电解液的优点和局限性以及对现有问题的解决方案,并从电解液合成的角度讨论了镁离子电池的发展;最后,讨论并设想了镁离子电池电解液的未来设计,这将对进一步提高镁离子电池的性能提供支持.

关键词：固态电解质镁离子电池理论容量电化学窗口水系电解液有机液体储能系统系统评估

Solution Concepts and New Optimality Conditions in Bilevel Multiobjective Programming

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第10期3卷 1395-1402页

作者： Francisque Fouodji Dedzo Laure pauline Fotso Calice Olivier Pieume Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Regional Bureau for Education in Africa Pole de Dakar UNESCO Dakar Senegal

In this paper, new sufficient optimality theorems for a solution of a differentiable bilevel multiobjective optimization problem (BMOP) are established. we start with a discussion on solution concepts in bilevel multiobjective programming;a theorem giving necessary and sufficient conditions for a decision vector to be called a solution of the BMOP and a proposition giving the relations between four types of solutions of a BMOP are presented and proved. Then, under the pseudoconvexity assumptions on the upper and lower level objective functions and the quasiconvexity assumptions on the constraints functions, we establish and prove two new sufficient optimality theorems for a solution of a general BMOP with coupled upper level constraints. Two corollary of these theorems, in the case where the upper and lower level objectives and constraints functions are convex are presented.

关键词： Bilevel Multiobjective Optimization Multiobjective Optimization Sufficient Optimality Condition Strict Convexity Pseudoconvexity Quasiconvexity

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医疗失误的罪与恕

中国医院院长 2010年第19期6卷 88-89页

作者： pauline w.Chen 周礼婷（编译）不详《中国医院院长》编辑部

每当医生犯错时,剧情就全都一样：医院闭口不谈、医生人间蒸发、病人转而付诸法律——这难道是唯一的解决办法吗？

关键词：医疗失误医生医疗卫生行业护士

Use of Critical Ethnography to Study the PMTCT Program

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第1期12卷 147-158页

作者： Joyce Kamanzi Solina M. Richter pauline Paul Kimberly Jarvis Faculty of Nursing University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada College of Nursing University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK Canada Memorial University of Newfoundland Newfoundland Canada

Background: Despite the efforts at establishing Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) programs in Rwanda, there are still children who are becoming infected through mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The purpose of our research study was to explore the experiences of HIV positive women using PMTCT program to prevent HIV transmission in Rwanda. Methodology: In this study, a qualitative approach using a critical ethnographic design was used to answer to our research question and with the aim to discover the meaning, process, and context of the studied phenomenon. In this paper, we discussed ethnography, critical ethnography, and its related philosophical assumptions as well as illustrating the rational for the use of critical ethnography to study the PMTCT program. Critical ethnography ultimately will contribute to raising awareness on how we can prevent new infections among children born from HIV positive mothers who are using the PMTCT program. The findings suggested a wide range of challenging factors that are shaped by social, political, cultural, economic, ethnic, and gender values, and that directly and indirectly affect the uptake of the PMTCT program. while using the critical realist ontology, we discovered multiple truths about the challenging factors for HIV+ mothers experience to uptake the PMTCT program. we triangulated their experiences with the findings gathered from healthcare providers, PMTCT leaders and policymakers, field observation, and document analysis. No previous studies on this phenomenon used a critical lens to explore the reality behind a wide range of experiences of mothers using the PMTCT program to prevent HIV transmission in Rwanda. Conclusion: The critical nature of this inquiry contributed to the depth and breadth of knowledge related to the delivery of the PMTCT program to prevent MTCT of HIV.

关键词： Critical Ethnography HIV Nursing Knowledge PMTCT

The Intersectionality Framework and Its Contribution to Nursing Knowledge Related to the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) Program

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Open Journal of Nursing 2021年第12期11卷 1052-1063页

Nurses work within a multidimensional scope of practice, which includes a reactive approach of treating health problems, a proactive stance of health promotion, and disease prevention. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the contribution of the intersectionality framework in building nursing knowledge related to the PMTCT of HIV and show how the intersectionality framework can contribute to the improvement of nursing practice, policy, and research related to PMTCT of HIV. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to be able to discuss the contribution of intersectionality framework in nursing knowledge. Intersectionality is a nice perspective that gives insight into different identities that link and work together to provide inequalities. Intersectionality is a well-suited approach in a nursing profession where we strive to offer efficient and better care to our patients or clients;an excellent tool to explore more on the roots of inequality, oppression, and discrimination.

关键词： Intersectionality Nursing Knowledge PMTCT HIV

Networked Individual in Networked City: Reviewing Social Network in Transportation Literature

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Social Networking 2014年第3期3卷 147-149页

作者： Fariya Sharmeen pauline van den Berg Harry Timmermans Urban Planning Group Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands

Editorial

关键词： Editorial