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Towards a new avenue for rapid synthesis of electrocatalytic electrodes via laser-induced hydrothermal reaction for water splitting

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 340-351页

作者： Yang Sha Menghui Zhu Kun Huang Yang Zhang Francis Moissinac Zhizhou Zhang Dongxu Cheng paul.Mativenga Zhu Liu Department of Materials School of Natural SciencesThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Laser Processing Research Centre Department of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringSchool of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom National Graphene Institute The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science School of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Research Centre for Laser Extreme Manufacturing Ningbo Institute of Materials Engineering and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNingboPeople’s Republic of China

Electrochemical production of hydrogen from water requires the development ofelectrocatalysts that are active,stable,and low-cost for water *** address these challenges,researchers are increasingly exploring binder-free electrocatalytic integratedelectrodes (IEs) as an alternative to conventional powder-based electrode preparation methods,for the former is highly desirable to improve the catalytic activity and long-term stability for large-scale applications of ***,we demonstrate a laser-inducedhydrothermal reaction (LIHR) technique to grow NiMoO4nanosheets on nickel foam,which is then calcined under H2/Ar mixed gases to prepare the IE *** electrode exhibits superior hydrogen evolution reaction performance,requiring overpotentials of 59,116 and143 mV to achieve current densities of 100,500 and 1000 mA·*** the 350 h chronopotentiometry test at current densities of 100 and 500 m A·cm-2,the overpotentialremains essentially *** addition,NiFe-layered double hydroxide grown on Ni foam is also fabricated with the same LIHR method and coupled with IE-NiMo-IR to achieve water *** combination exhibits excellent durability under industrial current *** energy consumption and production efficiency of the LIHR method are systematicallycompared with the conventional hydrothermal *** LIHR method significantly improves the production rate by over 19 times,while consuming only 27.78%of the total energy required by conventional hydrothermal methods to achieve the same production.

关键词： electrocatalytic electrode laser-induced hydrothermal reaction NiFe layered double hydroxides hydrogen evolution reaction water splitting energy consumption production rate

Grouping tree species to estimate basal area increment in temperate multispecies forests in Durango,Mexico

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 1-13页

作者： Jaime Roberto Padilla-Martínez Carola paul.Kai Husmann Jose Javier Corral-Rivas Klaus von Gadow Department of Forest Economics and Sustainable Land-use Planning Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest EcologyUniversity of GottingenBüsgenweg 137077GottingenGermany Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Juarez del Estado de DurangoRío Papaloapan y Boulevard Durango S/N34120DurangoMexico Faculty of Forestry and Forest Ecology Georg-August-UniversitatBüsgenweg 537077GottingenGermany Department of Forestry and Wood Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch Private Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

Multispecies forests have received increased scientific attention,driven by the hypothesis that biodiversity improves ecological ***,a greater species diversity presents challenges for forest management and *** study aims to develop basal area growth models for tree species *** analysis is based on a dataset of 423 permanent plots(2,500 m^(2))located in temperate forests in Durango,***,we define tree species cohorts based on individual and neighborhood-based variables using a combination of principal component and cluster ***,we estimate the basal area increment of each cohort through the generalized additive model to describe the effect of tree size,competition,stand density and site *** principal component and cluster analyses assign a total of 37 tree species to eight cohorts that differed primarily with regard to the distribution of tree size and vertical position within the *** generalized additive models provide satisfactory estimates of tree growth for the species cohorts,explaining between 19 and 53 percent of the total variation of basal area increment,and highlight the following results:i)most cohorts show a"rise-and-fall"effect of tree size on tree growth;ii)surprisingly,the competition index"basal area of larger trees"had showed a positive effect in four of the eight cohorts;iii)stand density had a negative effect on basal area increment,though the effect was minor in medium-and high-density stands,and iv)basal area growth was positively correlated with site quality except for an oak *** developed species cohorts and growth models provide insight into their particular ecological features and growth patterns that may support the development of sustainable management strategies for temperate multispecies forests.

关键词： Temperate multispecies forests Cluster analysis Basal area increment Generalized additive models

Advances in oral mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in health and disease

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 346-357页

作者： Huanyu Luo Anahid Ahmadi Birjandi Feilong Ren Tianmeng Sun paul.T.Sharpe Hongchen Sun Zhengwen An Department of Oral Biology Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingSchool and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130021China Faculty of Dentistry Oral&Craniofacial SciencesCentre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE19RTUK Department of Oral Pathology Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone RemodelingSchool and Hospital of StomatologyJilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130021China

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are nano-size vesicles secreted naturally by all cells into the extracellular space and have been recognized as important cell-cell mediators in multicel-lular *** contain nucleic acids,proteins,lipids,and other cellular components,regulating many basic biological processes and playing an important role in regenerative med-icine and *** can be traced to their cells of origin and exhibit a similar ***,EVs demonstrate low immunogenicity,good biocompatibility,and fewer side ef-fects,compared to their parent *** stem cells(MsCs)are one of the most important resource cells for EVs,with a great capacity for self-renewal and multipotent differ-entiation,and play an essential role in stem cell *** mechanism of MsC therapy was thought to be attributed to the differentiation of MsCs after targeted migration,as previously ***,emerging evidence shows the previously unknown role of MsC-derived para-crine factors in stem cell *** EVs derived from oral tissue MSCs(OMSC-EVs),show more advantages than those of all other MsCs in tissue repair and regeneration,due to their lower invasiveness and easier accessibility for sample ***,we systematically review the biogenesis and biological characteristics of OMSC-EVs,as well as the role of OMsC-EVs in intercellular ***,we discuss the potential therapeutic roles of OMSC-EVs in oral and systemic *** highlight the current challenges and future directions of OMSC-EVs to focus more attention on clinical *** aim to provide valuable insights for the explorative clinical application of OMSC-EVs.

关键词： Disease Extracellular vesicles Oral tissue MSC Therapeutic application Tissue regeneration

Synthesis of Unprotectedα-Tertiary Amines and 1,2-Amino Alcohols from Vinyl Azides by Light Induced Denitrogenative Alkylarylation/Dialkylation

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第4期6卷 1060-1070页

作者： Sifan Li Hai-Wu Du paul.W.Davies Wei Shu Department of Chemistry Shenzhen Grubbs InstituteSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055Guangdong School of Chemistry University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TT

Sterically congestedα-tertiary primary amines are ubiquitous substructures in pharmaceutical and agrochemical agents yet are challenging to ***,straightforward photoredox-catalyzed access to structurally diverseα,α,α-trisubstituted primary amines from denitrogenative alkylarylation or dialkylation of vinyl azides with N-hydroxyphthalimide(NHPI)esters and cyanoarenes or aryl aldehydes has been *** use of vinyl azide as a precursor to a primary aminewas enabled by the dual role of the Hantzsch ester to form an electron donor-acceptor complex and serve as a sacrificial *** strategy provides a modular synthesis ofα-tertiary primary amines,including unprotected 1,2-amino alcohols,from simple materials with excellent functional group *** synthetic applicability of this method was demonstrated by streamlined access to 2,2-disubstituted *** investigations support two parallel reductive photocatalytic cycles allowing for the denitrogenative alkylarylation or dialkylation of vinyl azides via decarboxylative radical addition followed by heteroradical cross-coupling betweenα-amino radicals and aryl anion radicals or ketyl anion radicals.

关键词： photocatalysis α-tertiary primary amines 1 2-amino alcohols vinyl azide electron donor-acceptor complex

Relationship of Edge States to Anomaly and Construction of Dual Systems in Quantum Hall Systems

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Journal of Modern Physics 2024年第6期15卷 850-863页

作者： paul.Bracken Department of Mathematics University of Texas Edinburg TX USA

The hierarchy of bulk actions is developed which are associated with Chern-Simons theories. The connection between the bulk and edge arising from the requirement there is a cancelation of an anomaly which arises in the theory. A duality transformation is studied for the Chern-Simons example. The idea that is used has been employed to describe duality in a scalar theory. The link between the edge theory with the Chern-Simons theory in the bulk then suggests that similar transformations can be implemented in the bulk Chern-Simons theory as well.

关键词： Quantum Algebra Hall Conductivity Forms Chiral Fermion

Novel wild edible mushroom Astraeus hygrometricus(Pers.)Morgan induces robust apoptosis on human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells through a RONS-subsisted mitochondria-dependent pathway

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第1期11卷 67-77页

作者： Amrita Pal Ribhu Ray Anirban Chouni Subhadip Hajra Santanu paul Department of Botany University of CalcuttaKolkata 700019India Department of Cancer Chemoprevention Chittaranjan National Cancer InstituteKolkata 700026India

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effects of the novel wild edible mushroom Astraeus hygrometricus(Pers.)Morgan(***)on human acute lymphoblastic leukemia ***:Extensive screening of the antiproliferative and chemopreventive potential of different extracts from 5 wild mushrooms,***,Phallus sp.,Lentinus sp.,Tricholoma sp.,and Serpula *** performed against a panel of 6 cancer cell lines and normal cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)*** determination,cell cycle profiling,intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)and reactive nitrogen species(RNS),and mitochondrial membrane potential were analyzed by flow *** activity of caspases was measured colorimetrically,and the expression pattern of mitochondrial proteins was ***:The methanol extract of *** and MOLT-4 cells were identified as the most potent extract exhibiting antiproliferative activity and most sensitive cell line,*** mushroom extract induced robust selective apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells and arrested cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 *** extract disrupted the mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced ROS production in MOLT-4 *** methanol extract induced apoptosis by downregulating the expression of Bcl-2,increasing the expression of Bax,and activating the caspase ***:The novel wild edible mushroom is a potential repository of biomolecules for the development of antileukemic drugs.

关键词： Mushroom Astraeus hygrometricus(Pers.)Morgan Apoptosis Antileukemic

A new Late Miocene Hystrix(Hystricidae,Rodentia)from Turkey

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第3期19卷 548-563页

作者： Kazım HALAÇLAR Ayla SEVIM EROL Tolga KÖROG˘LU paul.RUMMY Tao DENG Serdar MAYDA Natural History Application and Research Centre Ege UniversityTurkey Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Anthropology Faculty of Languages and HistoryGeographyAnkara UniversityTurkey Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesEge UniversityTurkey

TheÇorakyerler fossil locality in Anatolia reveals unique faunal *** study introduces Hystrix kayae ***.,a new Late Miocene porcupine initially classified as Hystrix *** et al.,*** finding expands our knowledge of Late Miocene Anatolian porcupines,bringing the total number of known species to *** *** larger than Hystrix aryanensis and exhibits greater upper cheek tooth crown *** cheek tooth morphology differs from Hystrix depereti,and it possesses distinctive U-shaped choanae unlike Hystrix ***Çorakyerler locality may predate sites with *** and *** but aligns temporally with Hystrix parvae *** study enhances our understanding of Late Miocene porcupine diversity in Anatolia,emphasizing the importance ofÇorakyerler in unraveling the evolutionary history of these fascinating mammals.

关键词： Çorakyerler Hystrix Late Miocene paleobiogeography Turkey

A Comparative Study of Mandibular Fractures in Senegal: Children vs. Adults

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第2期14卷 72-76页

作者： paul.Niang Department of Oral Surgery Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The commonest maxillofacial fractures involve the mandible. Age can be considered among influential factors. Aim of the Study: To compare mandibular fractures between children and adults from the beginning up to the treatment in Senegal. Patients and Method: A three-year retrospective study was conducted in a university hospital. The medical records of patients admitted for maxillofacial injuries were reviewed. Patient and injury-related variables including age, gender, etiology, average consultation delay, anatomic location of fracture and treatment were compared up to age of 15 and beyond that. Results: Considering 272 casualties, maxillofacial fractures were less frequent among children than adults (36.7% and 59.7%) and were mainly mandibular (90.1% and 91.4%). Male predilection (sex ratio of 2.4 and 4.9) was twice (2) as pronounced from the age of 16. The average consultation delay was two (2) times shorter for children. Road traffic accidents which predominated among children (33.9%) had comparable frequency (32.3%) although they were outnumbered by assault (37.6%) among adults. Fractures occurred mainly on the corpus (90.1% and 90.4%), particularly on parasymphysis (40.1%) up to the age of 15, whereas angle fractures increased (8.5% to 19.6%) and joint damage decreased afterwards. Intra-oral orthopedic procedures (91.2% and 92.6%) in which mandibular retention splints were more common (37.3%) up to the age of 15 then arch ligatures (49%) were then widely favored. Conclusion: Differences relating to the distribution of causes but also to the anatomic location on the corpus and to the choice of intra-oral orthopedic procedures within overall similarities between children and adults regarding the male predilection, the frequency of road traffic accidents, the mandibular injuries, but also the school therapeutic attitude consisting of favoring the orthopedic option.

关键词： Fracture Mandible Child Adult

Turning Trash into Treasure: Developing an Intelligent Bin for Plastic Bottle Recycling

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Journal of Social Computing 2024年第1期5卷 1-14页

作者： Sirajam Munira Niloy paul.Md Ashraful Alam Md.Mahmudur Rahman M.Shamim Kaiser Institute of Information Technology Jahangirnagar UniversityDhaka 1342Bangladesh

Plastic pollution has emerged as a major global concern due to its enduring nature and limited recycling *** response to this critical challenge,this paper presents a novel approach utilizing a Detection-Based Reward System(DBRS)alongside an innovative business model to promote effective plastic waste management,reduce plastic waste accumulation in the nature,and uphold environmental *** the YOLOv5 algorithm for its exceptional accuracy,speed,and open-source availability,plastic bottle detection becomes a pivotal aspect of this *** seamlessly enroll in the system,triggering an automated detection process that computes reward points corresponding to their deposited plastic *** reward points are meticulously stored within a centralized *** its operational facets,this comprehensive system encompasses a robust business model,strategically poised to capture widespread engagement with waste disposal practices,thereby contributing to the realization of Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)geared towards fostering a healthier ***,the DBRS attains cutting-edge performance in plastic bottle detection,boasting an impressive mean Average Precision(mAP)of 0.973,underscoring its efficacy in tackling plastic pollution.

关键词： smart environment reward system YOLOv5 deep learning business model