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Microbial mediated arsen.c biotran.formation.in.wetlan.s

Fron.iers of En.iron.en.al Scien.e & En.in.erin. 2017年第1期11卷 5-15页

作者： Si-Yu Zhan. paul n. williams Jin.in. Luo Yon.-Guan.Zhu State Key Laboratory of Urban.an. Region.l Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China State Key Join. Laboratory of En.iron.en. Simulation.an. Pollution.Con.rol School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China In.titute for Global Food Security School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast Belfast BT9 7BN UK Key Laboratory of Drin.in. Water Scien.e an. Techn.logy Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Key Laboratory of Urban.En.iron.en. an. Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China

Arsen.c （As） is a pervasive en.iron.en.al toxin.an. carcin.gen.c metalloid. It ran.s at the top of the US priority List of Hazardous Substan.es an. causes worldwide human.health problems. Wetlan.s, in.ludin. n.tural an. artificial ecosystems （i.e. paddy soils） are highly susceptible to As en.ichmen.; actin. n.t on.y as repositories for water but a host of other elemen.al/chemical moieties. While macroscale processes （physical an. geological） supply As to wetlan.s, it is the micro-scale biogeochemistry that regulates the fluxes of As an. other trace elemen.s from the semi-terrestrial to n.ighborin. plan./ aquatic/atmospheric compartmen.s. Amon. these fin.-scale even.s, microbial mediated As biotran.formation. con.ribute most to the elemen.＇s chan.in. forms, actin. as the ＇switch＇ in.defin.n. a wetlan. as either a source or sin. of As. Much of our un.erstan.in. of these importan. microbial catalyzed reaction. follows relatively recen. scien.ific discoveries. Here we documen. some of these key advan.es, with focuses on.the implication. that wetlan.s an. their microbial mediated tran.formation.pathways have on.the global As cycle, the chemistries of microbial mediated As oxidation. reduction.an. methylation. an. future research priorities areas.

关键词： Arsen.c Wetlan. Microbes Switch

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Profilin. the ion.me of rice an. its use in.discrimin.tin. geographical origin. at the region.l scale, Chin.

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Journ.l of En.iron.en.al Scien.es 2013年第1期25卷 144-154页

作者： Gan. Li Luis n.n.s Yijie Wan. paul n. williams Maozhon. Zhen. Qiufan. Zhan. Yon.guan.Zhu Key Laboratory of Urban.En.iron.en. an. Health Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences Geosystems Cen.er University of Algarve Lan.aster En.iron.en. Cen.re Lancaster University Research Cen.er for Eco-En.iron.en.al Scien.es Chinese Academy of Sciences

Elemen. profile was in.estigated for their use to trace the geographical origin.of rice （Oryza sativa L.） samples. The con.en.ration. of 13 elemen.s （calcium （Ca）, potassium （K）, magn.sium （Mg）, phosphorus （P）, boron.（B）, man.an.se （Mn., iron.（Fe）, n.ckel （n.）, copper （Cu）, arsen.c （As）, selen.um （Se）, molybden.m （Mo）, an. cadmium （Cd）） were determin.d in.the rice samples by in.uctively coupled plasma optical emission.an. mass spectrometry. Most of the essen.ial elemen.s for human.health in.rice were within.n.rmal ran.es except for Mo an. Se. Mo con.en.ration. were twice as high as those in.rice from Vietn.m an. Spain. Mean.hile, Se con.en.ration. were three times lower in.the whole provin.e compared to the Chin.se average level of 0.088 mg/kg. About 12% of the rice samples failed the Chin.se n.tion.l food safety stan.ard of 0.2 mg/kg for Cd. Combin.d with the multi-elemen.al profile in.rice, the prin.ipal compon.n. an.lysis （PCA）, discrimin.n. fun.tion.an.lysis （DFA） an. Fibon.cci in.ex an.lysis （FIA） were applied to discrimin.te geographical origin. of the samples. Results in.icated that the FIA method could achieve a more effective geographical origin.classification.compared with PCA an. DFA, due to its efficien.y in.makin. the groupin. even.when.the elemen.al variability was so high that PCA an. DFA showed little discrimin.tory power. Furthermore, some elemen.s were iden.ified as the most powerful in.icators of geographical origin. Ca, n., Fe an. Cd. This suggests that the n.wly established methodology of FIA based on.the ion.me profile can.be applied to determin. the geographical origin.of rice.

关键词： ion.me rice grain geographical origin prin.ipal compon.n. an.lysis Fibon.cci in.ex an.lysis

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Eviden.e supportin. the relation.hip between.matern.l asthma an. risk for autism spectrum disorders

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n.ural Regen.ration.Research 2025年第4期20卷 1101-1102页

作者： Hadley Osman.paul Ashwood Departmen. of Medical Microbiology an. Immun.logy and the M.I.N.D.InstituteUniversity of California at DavisSacramentoCAUSA

Durin. pregn.n.y,matern.l immun. activation.MIA),due to in.ection.chron.c in.lammatory disorders,or toxic exposures,can.result in.lastin. health impacts on.the developin. *** has been.associated with an.in.reased risk of n.urodevelopmen.al disorders,such as autism spectrum disorder(ASD)in.the *** is characterized by in.reased repetitive an. stereotyped behaviors an. decreased *** of 2020,1 in.36 children.are diagn.sed with ASD by the age of 8 years,with ASD rates con.in.in. to in.rease in.prevalen.e in.USA(Tamayo et al.,2023).Post-mortem brain.studies,biomarker an. tran.criptomic studies,an. epidemiology studies have provided compellin. eviden.e of immun. dysregulation.in.the circulation.an. brain.of in.ividuals diagn.sed with ***,the etiology of ASD is largely un.n.wn.however,gen.tic compon.n.s an. en.iron.en.al factors can.con.ribute to in.reased *** allergic asthma(MAA),a form of MIA,has been.iden.ified as a poten.ial risk factor for developin. n.urodevelopmen.al disorders(Patel et al.,2020).Asthma is a chron.c in.lammatory con.ition.driven.by a T-helper type(TH)2 immun. respon.e.

关键词： disorders epidemiology fetus

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In.reased Light, Moderate, an. Severe Clear-Air Turbulen.e in.Respon.e to Climate Chan.e

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Advan.es in.Atmospheric Scien.es 2017年第5期34卷 576-586页

作者： paul D. williams Departmen. of Meteorology University of Reading Reading RG6 6BB United Kingdom

An.hropogen.c climate chan.e is expected to stren.then.the vertical win. shears at aircraft cruisin. altitudes within.the atmospheric jet streams. Such a stren.then.n. would in.rease the prevalen.e of the shear in.tabilities that gen.rate clear-air turbulen.e. Climate modellin. studies have in.icated that the amoun. of moderate-or-greater clear-air turbulen.e on.tran.atlan.ic flight routes in.win.er will in.rease sign.fican.ly in.future as the climate chan.es. However,the in.ividual respon.es of light,moderate,an. severe clear-air turbulen.e have n.t previously been.studied,despite their importan.e for aircraft operation.. Here,we use climate model simulation. to an.lyse the tran.atlan.ic win.ertime clear-air turbulen.e respon.e to climate chan.e in.five aviation.relevan. turbulen.e stren.th categories. We fin. that the probability distribution. for an.en.emble of 21 clear-air turbulen.e diagn.stics gen.rally gain.probability in.their right-han. tails when.the atmospheric carbon.dioxide con.en.ration.is doubled. By con.ertin. the diagn.stics in.o eddy dissipation.rates,we fin. that the en.embleaverage airspace volume con.ain.n. light clear-air turbulen.e in.reases by 59%(with an.in.ra-en.emble ran.e of 43%–68%),light-to-moderate by 75%(39%–96%),moderate by 94%(37%–118%),moderate-to-severe by 127%(30%–170%),an. severe by 149%(36%–188%). These results suggest that the prevalen.e of tran.atlan.ic win.ertime clear-air turbulen.e will in.rease sign.fican.ly in.all aviation.relevan. stren.th categories as the climate chan.es.

关键词： turbulen.e climate chan.e aviation jet stream

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Impact of Crowdsourcee’s Vertical Fairn.ss Con.ern.on.the Crowdsourcin. Kn.wledge Sharin. Behavior an. Its In.en.ive Mechan.sm

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Journ.l of Systems Scien.e & Complexity 2021年第3期34卷 1102-1120页

作者： ZHU Bin.in.LEOn.williams paul Lightern.ss GAO Pen. School of Man.gemen. Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Cen.re for Competitive Creative Design CranfieldUniversityBedfordshire MAT430ALUK School of Busin.ss Jiangsu University of TechnologyChangzhou 213001China

This paper examin.s in.detail the impact of the crowdsourcee’s vertical fairn.ss con.ern.on.the kn.wledge sharin. in.en.ive mechan.sm in.crowdsourcin. *** con.ition. for the establishmen. of the in.en.ive mechan.sm are an.lyzed an. the impact of fairn.ss con.ern.sen.itivity on.expected econ.mic reven.es of both sides as well as the crowdsourcin. project performan.e is studied by game theory an. computer *** results show that the kn.wledge sharin. in.en.ive mechan.sm can.on.y be established if the ratio between.the performan.e improvemen. rate an. the private cost reduction.rate caused by shared kn.wledge is within.a certain.*** degree of the optimal lin.ar in.en.ives,the private solution.efforts,an. the improvemen. of kn.wledge sharin. level are positively correlated with the sen.itivity of vertical fairn.ss *** the n.n.in.en.ive mode,the ratio between.the performan.e con.ersion.rate of private solution.effort an. the performan.e con.ersion.rate of kn.wledge sharin. effort plays an.importan. role in.moderatin. a crowdsourcin. project’s *** authors fin. that the n.mber of participan.s is either con.ucive or n.n.on.ucive to the improvemen. of *** implemen.ation.of kn.wledge sharin. in.en.ive can.achieve a win.win.situation.for both the crowdsourcer an. the crowdsourcee.

关键词： Creative crowdsourcin. commun.ty in.en.ive mechan.sm kn.wledge sharin. vertical fairn.ss con.ern

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Gran.lar activated carbon. from palm n.t shells for gold di-cyan.de adsorption

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In.ern.tion.l Journ.l of Min.rals,Metallurgy an. Materials 2013年第2期20卷 172-179页

作者： William K.Buah paul T.williams En.rgy Research In.titute The University of LeedsLeeds LS2 9JTUnited Kingdom

Gran.lar activated carbon. were produced from palm n.t shells by physical activation.with steam. The proximate an.lysis of palm n.t shells was in.estigated by thermogravimetric an.lysis, an. the adsorption.capacity of the activated carbon., produced as a result of shell pyrolysis at 600℃ followed by steam activation.at 900℃ in.varyin. activation.times, was evaluated usin. n.trogen.adsorption.at 77 K. Applicability of the activated carbon. for gold dicyan.de adsorption.was also in.estigated. In.reasin. the activation.hold time with the atten.an. in.rease in.the degree of carbon.burn.off results in.a progressive in.rease in.the surface area of the activated carbon., reachin. a value of 903.1 m2/g after activation.for 6 h. The volumes of total pores, mieropores, an. mesopores in.the activated carbon. also in.rease progressively with the in.reasin. degree of carbon.burn.off, resultin. from in.reasin. the activation.hold time. The gold di-cyan.de adsorption.of the activated carbon. in.reases with the rise of pore volume of the activated carbon.. The gold di-cyan.de adsorption.of palm n.t shell activated carbon.obtain.d after 6-h activation.at 900℃ is superior to that of a commercial activated carbon.used for gold di-cyan.de adsorption.

关键词： activated carbon adsorption gold cyan.des processin. pyrolysis

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A Survey of Lan.uage-Based Approaches to Cyber-Physical an. Embedded System Developmen.

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Tsin.hua Scien.e an. Techn.logy 2015年第2期20卷 130-141页

作者： paul Soulier Depen. Li John.R. williams Un.versity of Hawaii Massachusetts In.titute of Techn.logy(MIT)

As computers con.in.e to advan.e, they are becomin. more capable of sen.in., in.eractin., an. commun.catin. with the physical an. cyber world. Medical devices, electron.c brakin. systems in.automotive application., an. in.ustrial con.rol systems are examples of the man. Cyber-Physical Systems （CPS） that utilize these computin. capabilities. Given.the poten.ial con.equen.es of software related failures in.such systems, a high degree of safety, security, an. reliability is often.required. Programmin. lan.uages are importan. tools used by programmers to develop CPS. They provide a programmer with the ability to tran.form design. in.o machin. code. Of equal importan.e is their ability to detect an. avoid programmin. mistakes. The developmen. of CPS has predomin.n.ly been.accomplished usin. the C programmin. lan.uage. Although C is a powerful lan.uage, it lacks features presen. in.other lan.uages that facilitate the developmen. of reliable systems. This has prompted research in.o lan.uage-based altern.tives for improvin. program quality through the use of programmin. lan.uages. This paper presen.s an.overview of the characteristics of embedded an. cyber-physical systems an. the associated requiremen.s imposed on.programmin. lan.uages. This is followed by a survey of relevan. research in.o lan.uage- based methods for creatin. safe, reliable, an. robust software for CPS.

关键词： cyber-physical systems embedded systems programmin. lan.uages type systems

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The Taxon.mic Status of Japan.se Threadfin.Bream n.mipterus japon.cus(Bloch, 1791)(Perciformes: n.mipteridae) with a Redescription.of this Species from the South Chin. Sea Based on.Morphology an. Dn. Barcodes

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Journ.l of Ocean.Un.versity of Chin. 2015年第1期14卷 178-184页

作者： n.n. Pin. SHA Zhon.li paul D. n. HEBERT Barry RUSSELL Laboratory of Marin. Organ.sm Taxon.my an. Phylogen. Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Biodiversity In.titute of On.ario University of Guelph Museum an. Art Gallery of the n.rthern.Territory

Because of its importan.e as a food source, n.mipterus japon.cus （Bloch, 1791）（n.mipteridae） or Japan.se threadfin.bream is the best studied of these taxa, an. n.merous in.estigation. have examin.d its fisheries, its biology an. biochemistry. De- spite such in.en.ive work, the taxon.mic status of n. japon.cus has n.ver been.seriously question.d an. it is regarded as a common.species, widely distributed throughout the In.o-Westem Pacific Ocean. In.fact, Bloch＇s description.of the type specimen.of ***- pon.cus has ambiguous collection.data an. lacks a design.tion.for the type locality, though it is probably Java. In.this paper, Dn. barcode results based on.COl gen. support the existen.e of two geographically separated lin.ages of the Japan.se threadfin.bream, both bein. an.In.ian.Ocean.an. western.Pacific lin.age, with 2.7% sequen.e divergen.e, an. the results in.icate a possible existin. of some cryptic species. The two lin.ages also possess a diagn.stic differen.e in.their belly color, with specimen. in.the South Chin. Sea havin. a silver belly, while those from the In.ian.Ocean.isolate specimen.have a yellow coloration. Based upon.n.w collection. from the South Chin. Sea, this species from the western.Pacific is morphologically redescribed an. its details of Dn. barcode diver- sity are shown.for the future in.estigation..

关键词： South Chin. Sea In.ian.Sea In.o-Pacific Barrier COI gen.

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Report of the restudy of the defin.d global stratotype of the base of the Silurian.System

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Episodes 2008年第3期31卷 315-318页

作者： Jiayu Ron. Michael Melchin.S. Hen.y williams Tatyan. n. Koren.Jacques Vern.ers SKL Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences 210008 Nanjing PRC Departmen. of Geology St. Francis Xavier University Antigonish NS B2G 2W5 Canada Petro-Can.da Oil an. Gas 150 - 6th Avenue SW Calgary AB T2P 3E3 Canada All Russian.Geological Research In.fitute-VSEGEI Sredny pr. 74 199026 St. Petersburg Russia Research Un.t Palaeon.ology Ghent University Krijgslaan 281/S 8 2000 Ghent Belgium

The Global Stratotype Section.an. Poin. （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian.System was defin.d in.1985. Sin.e that time, a n.mber of researchers have suggested that this section.has serious deficien.ies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in.2000, the Subcommission.on.Silurian.Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed un.ertakin. a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequen.ly approved by the In.ern.tion.l Commission.of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the curren. GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Lin., Scotlan., should be main.ain.d as the same locality an. stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical defin.tion.of the boun.ary should be revised. The previously defin.d, basal Silurian.grapto- lite zon., the Parakidograptus acumin.tus Zon., should be subdivided in.o a lower Akidograptus ascen.us Zon. an. a higher E acumin.tus Zon.. The base of the A. ascen.us Zon., marked by the first appearan.e of A. ascen.us, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has n.w been.formally approved by the SSS an. ICS, an. ratified by In.ern.tion.l Un.on.of Geological Scien.es. This is the first GSSP to un.ergo formal restudy an. redefin.- tion. an. the proposal also in.luded a recommen.ed procedure for restudy of GSSPs.

关键词：全球层形志留纪地质学研究项目

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Robust H_∞ con.rol for aseismic structures with un.ertain.ies in.model parameters

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Earthquake En.in.erin. an. En.in.erin. Vibration 2007年第4期6卷 409-416页

作者：宋刚林家浩赵岩 W. paul Howson.Fred W williams State Key Laboratory of Structural An.lysis for In.ustrial Equipmen. Faculty of Vehicle Engineering and Mechanics Dalian University of Technology Cardiff School of En.in.erin. Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA Wales U.K.

This paper presen.s a robust H∞ output feedback con.rol approach for structural systems with un.ertain.ies in.model parameters by usin. available acceleration.measuremen.s an. proposes con.ition. for the existen.e of such a robust output feedback con.roller. The un.ertain.ies of structural stiffn.ss, dampin. an. mass parameters are assumed to be n.rm-boun.ed. The proposed con.rol approach is formulated within.the framework of lin.ar matrix in.qualities, for which existin. con.ex optimization.techn.ques, such as the LM1 toolbox in.MATLAB, can.be used effectively an. con.en.en.ly. To illustrate the effectiven.ss of the proposed robust H∞ strategy, a six-story buildin. was subjected both to the 1940 E1 Cen.ro earthquake record an. to a sudden.y applied Kan.i-Tajimi filtered white n.ise ran.om excitation. The results show that the proposed robust H∞ con.roller provides satisfactory results with or without variation.of the structural stiffn.ss, dampin. an. mass parameters.

关键词： structural con.rol robust H∞ con.rol lin.ar matrix in.quality dyn.mic output feedback parameter un.ertain.y seismic excitation

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