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Hybrid Ni_(2)P/CoP Nanosheets as Efficient and Robust Electrocatalysts for Domestic Wastewater Splitting

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第5期6卷 330-339页

作者： Yeshu Tan Jianrui Feng liqun Kang longxiang liu Fangjia Zhao Siyu Zhao Dan J.l.Brett paul R.Shearing Guanjie He Ivan P.Parkin Christopher Ingold laboratory Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondon WC1H 0AJUK Materials and Catalysis laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK Electrochemical Innovation laboratory Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK School of Chemistry University of LincolnJoseph Banks LaboratoriesLincolnLN67DLUK

The development of low-cost,robust and efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts is still a pursuit for the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Herein,a self-standing electrocatalyst,Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheet,was fabricated directly on three-dimensional Ni foams by two facile steps,which illustrated both high activity and stability for HER in different *** from the porous structures of nanosheets with large specific surface area and the hybrid Ni_(2)P/CoP,the as-prepared electrocatalyst presented remarkable HER with overpotentials of 65.2 and 87.8 mV to reach a current density of-10 mA cm^(-2)in neutral and alkaline media,*** function theory calculations revealed a lower activation energy of water dissociation and efficient HER steps of hybrid Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheets compared with mono *** self-standing electrocatalyst maintained excellent chemical ***,the HER process in domestic wastewater was realized with more impressive performance by using Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheets compared with commercial Pt/*** was continuously generated for 20 h in mildly alkaline dishwashing *** work provides a feasible way to fabricate non-noble metal and self-standing hybrid bimetallic phosphides for HER in neutral and alkaline media,showing great potential for efficient hydrogen production by re-utilizing wastewater resources.

关键词： hybrid hydrogen evolution reaction Ni_(2)P/CoP nanosheet self-standing wastewater splitting

Pulsed laser Annealed Ga Hyperdoped Poly-Si/SiO_(x)Passivating Contacts for High-Efficiency Monocrystalline Si Solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2023年第3期6卷 388-399页

作者： Kejun Chen Enrico Napolitani Matteo De Tullio Chun-Sheng Jiang Harvey Guthrey Francesco Sgarbossa San Theingi William Nemeth Matthew Page paul Stradins Sumit Agarwal David l.Young Colorado School of Mines 1500 Illinois StGolden Colorado 80401USA Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia and CNR-IMM Universit`a degli Studi di Padovavia Marzolo 8PadovaItaly National Renewable Energy laboratory 15013 Denver West ParkwayGolden Colorado 80401USA

Polycrystalline Si(poly-Si)-based passivating contacts are promising candidates for high-efficiency crystalline Si solar *** show that nanosecond-scale pulsed laser melting(PlM)is an industrially viable technique to fabricate such contacts with precisely controlled dopant concentration profiles that exceed the solid solubility *** demonstrate that conventionally doped,hole-selective poly-Si/SiO_(x)contacts that provide poor surface passivation of c-Si can be replaced with Ga-or B-doped contacts based on non-equilibrium *** overcome the solid solubility limit for both dopants in poly-Si by rapid cooling and recrystallization over a timescale of∼25 *** show an active Ga dopant concentration of∼3×10^(20)cm^(−3)in poly-Si which is six times higher than its solubility limit in c-Si,and a B dopant concentration as high as∼10^(21) cm^(−3).We measure an implied open-circuit voltage of 735 mV for Ga-doped poly-Si/SiO_(x)contacts on Czochralski Si with a low contact resistivity of 35.5±2.4 mΩcm^(2).Scanning spreading resistance microscopy and Kelvin probe force microscopy show large diffusion and drift current in the p-n junction that contributes to the low contact *** results suggest that PlM can be extended for hyperdoping of other semiconductors with low solubility atoms to enable high-efficiency devices.

关键词： Ga hyperdoping Ga passivating contacts poly-Si/SiO_(x) pulsed laser melting silicon solar cell

Investigating oil solubilization into nonionic micelles by Raman multivariate curve resolution

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Aggregate 2023年第6期4卷 146-152页

作者： Ciera M.Wentworth Ryan l.Myers paul S.Cremer lauren D.Zarzar Department of Chemistry The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Materials Research Institute The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA

Hydrophobic hydration,whereby water spontaneously structures around hydrophobic and amphiphilic molecules,plays a key role in the process of surfactant micelle formation and micellar oil *** vibrational Raman multivariate curve resolution spectroscopy,we characterized changes in the hydrophobic hydration occurring within nonionic alkylphenol ethoxylate surfactant Tergitol NP-12 micelles as a function of oil *** report trends in the changes of hydrophobic hydration depending on the chain length of the oil as well as the presence of a halogen atom in the oil chemical *** in hydrophobic hydration directly correlate to changes in the physical properties of the micellar solution,including cloud point and micelle hydrodynamic *** compare hydrophobic hydration of Tergitol NP-12 to nonionic linear alkyl ethoxylate surfactant Makon TD-12 and ionic sodium dodecyl sulfate and observe similar trends;the molecular structure of the oil has the largest impact on the hydrophobic *** believe these studies contribute to a fundamental understanding of the importance of hydrophobic hydration in surfactant and oil aggregates,especially as it relates to micellar oil solubilization,and provide insight into how the molecular solubilizate can impact micellar structure,size,and stability.

关键词： hydrophobic hydration micelle Raman multivariate curve resolution solubilization

Scaling the Microphysics Equations and Analyzing the Variability of Hydrometeor Production Rates in a Controlled Parameter Space

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2002年第4期19卷 619-650页

作者： Chungu lu paul Schultz and Gerald l Browning NOAA Forecast Systems laboratory Boulder USA Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Colorado State University Fort Collins USA

A set of microphysics equations is scaled based on the convective length and velocity scales. Comparisons are made among the dynamical transport and various microphysical processes. From the scaling analysis, it becomes apparent which parameterized microphysical processes present off-scaled influences in the integration of the set of microphysics equations. The variabilities of the parameterized microphysical processes are also studied using the approach of a controlled parameter space. Given macroscopic dynamic and thermodynamic conditions in different regions of convective storms, it is possible to analyze and compare vertical profiles of these processes. Bulk diabatic heating profiles for a cumulus convective updraft and downdraft are also derived from this analysis. From the two different angles, the scale analysis and the controlled-parameter space approach can both provide an insight into and an understanding of microphysics parameterizations.

关键词： cloud microphysical parameterization scale analysis controlled parameter space numerical weather prediction

Unraveling one billion years of geological evolution of the southeastern Amazonia Craton from detrital zircon analyses

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第5期13卷 129-152页

作者： Camille Rossignol paul Yves Jean Antonio Francesco Narduzzi Eric Siciliano Rego lívia Teixeira Romário Almeida de Souza Janaína N.Ávila Marco A.l.Silva Cristiano lana Ricardo I.F.Trindade Pascal Philippot Departamento de Geofísica Instituto de AstronomiaGeofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas da Universidade de São PauloRua do Matão1226-Cidade UniversitáriaSão Paulo 05508-090Brazil Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris Universitéde ParisCNRSParisFrance Géosciences Montpellier Universitéde MontpellierCNRSUniversitédes AntillesMontpellierFrance Instituto de Geociências Universidade de São PauloRua do Lago562-Cidade UniversitáriaSão Paulo 05508-080Brazil Instituto de Geociências e Engenharias Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará–UNIFESSPAFolha 17Quadra 04Lote especialNova MarabáMarabáPará68505-080Brazil Research School of Earth Sciences The Australian National University142 Mills RoadCanberraACT 2601Australia Applied Isotope Research Group Departamento de GeologiaEscola de MinasUniversidade Federal de Ouro PretoRua Diogo de Vasconcelos12235400-000 Ouro PretoMGBrazil

Despite representing one of the largest cratons on Earth,the early geological evolution of the Amazonia Craton remains poorly known due to relatively poor exposure and because younger metamorphic and tectonic events have obscured initial *** this study,we investigated the sedimentary archives of the Carajás Basin to unravel the early geological evolution of the southeastern Amazonia *** Carajás Basin contains sedimentary rocks that were deposited throughout a long period spanning more than one billion years from the Mesoarchean to the *** oldest archives preserved in this basin consist of a few ca.3.6 Ga detrital zircon grains showing that the geological roots of the Amazonia Craton were already formed by the *** the Paleoarchean or the early Mesoarchean(large and rigid enough to sustain the formation and preservation of the Rio Novo Group greenstone ***,during the Neoarchean,at ca.2.7 Ga,the southeastern Amazonia Craton witnessed the emplacement of the Parauapebas large Igneous Province(lIP)that probably covered a large part of the craton and was associated with the deposition of some of the world largest iron *** emplacement of this lIP immediately preceded a period of continental extension that formed a rift infilled first by iron formations followed by terrigenous *** major change of sedimentary regime might have been controlled by the regional tectonic evolution of the Amazonia Craton and its emergence above *** the Paleoproterozoic,at ca.2.1 Ga,the Rio Fresco Group,consisting of terrigenous sediments from the interior of the Amazonia Craton,was deposited in the Carajás *** that time,the Amazonian lithosphere could have either underwent thermal subsidence forming a large intracratonic basin or could have been deformed by long wavelength flexures that induced the formation of basins and swells throughout the craton under the influence of

关键词： Carajás Basin Chemical Abrasion–lA-ICP-MS analyses Age distribution comparison Parauapebas large Igneous Province Transamazonian orogeny

large-scale industrial manufacturing of carbon nanotubes in a continuous inclined mobile-bed rotating reactor via the catalytic chemical vapor deposition process

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第2期11卷 280-289页

作者： Sophie l. Pirard Sigrid Douven Jean-paul Pirard laboratory of Chemical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering University of Liege B-4000 Liege Belgium

This article reports the different steps of the design, development and validation of a process for continuous production of carbon nanotubes （CNTs） via catalytic chemical vapor deposition from the laboratory scale to the industrial production. This process is based on a continuous inclined mobile-bed rotating reactor and very active catalysts using methane or ethylene as carbon source. The importance of modeling taking into account the hydrodynamic, physicochemical and physical phenomena that occur during CNT production in the process analysis is emphasized. The impact of this invention on the environment and human health is taken into consideration too.

关键词： carbon nanotubes catalytic chemical vapor deposition inclined rotating reactor industrial process scaling-up

Role of Media in Promoting Peace and Conflict Resolution in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2024年第2期14卷 101-111页

作者： Jean-paul Paluku Kamili Richard Muhindo Taghembwa Jean-Baptiste Kakule Mbakula Universitéde l’Assomption au Congo(UAC) ButemboRDC

The research examined the role of media in promoting peace and conflict resolution in North Kivu,Democratic Republic of *** security situation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo(DRC),particularly in the eastern region of North Kivu,has been *** study was anchored in social identity *** research methodology employed for this study was qualitative,focusing on the analysis of *** Mateso’s contributions to Radio Okapi’s“Dialogue entre Congolais”program during the period from 2019 to *** research was conducted within the broader context of the persistent war and conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo,providing valuable insights into the dynamics and challenges of addressing the ongoing insecurity and violence in the *** study found that media,exemplified by Radio Okapi,plays a multifaceted and significant role in promoting peace and conflict resolution in North Kivu,Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC).It serves as a critical source of accurate information,enabling informed decision-making regarding ceasefire agreements,peace talks,and humanitarian *** fosters dialogue and understanding among different stakeholders,contributing to reconciliation ***,it raises awareness about the human cost of the conflict,challenges misinformation,monitors peace agreements,amplifies the concerns of the affected population,and promotes human rights and *** also engages youth,serves as an early warning system,and attracts global attention to the *** is recommended that media organizations in North Kivu continue their efforts to facilitate dialogue and understanding among different stakeholder ***,media should maintain its focus on raising awareness about the human cost of the conflict,ensuring that the suffering of civilians remains in the spotlight and generates international empathy and *** outlets should also continue their role as watchdogs by closely monitoring the im

关键词： media peace building conflict resolution North-Kivu

Battery state-of-charge estimation using machine learning analysis of ultrasonic signatures

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2022年第4期10卷 60-72页

作者： Elias Galiounas Tom G.Tranter Rhodri E.Owen James B.Robinson paul R.Shearing Dan J.l.Brett Electrochemical Innovation lab Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 7JEUK The Faraday Institution Quad OneBecquerel AvenueHarwell CampusDidcotOX11 The Alan Turing Institute British Library96 Euston RoadLondon NW12DB

The potential of acoustic signatures to be used for State-of-Charge(SoC)estimation is demonstrated using artificial neural network regression *** approach represents a streamlined method of processing the entire acoustic waveform instead of performing manual,and often arbitrary,waveform peak *** applications where computational economy is prioritised,simple metrics of statistical significance are used to formally identify the most informative waveform *** alone can be exploited for SoC *** is further shown that signal portions representing both early and late interfacial reflections can correlate highly with the SoC and be of predictive value,challenging the more common peak selection methods which focus on the *** later echoes represent greater through-thickness coverage,and are intuitively more information-rich,their presence is not *** waveform treatment offers a more robust approach to correlating acoustic signatures to electrochemical *** is further demonstrated that transformation into the frequency domain can reduce the dimensionality of the problem significantly,while also improving the estimation *** importantly,it is shown that acoustic signatures can be used as sole model inputs to produce highly accurate SoC estimates,without any complementary voltage *** makes the method suitable for applications where redundancy and diversification of SoC estimation approaches is *** is obtained experimentally from a 210 mAh liCoO2/graphite pouch *** estimation errors as low as 0.75%are achieved on a SoC scale of 0-100%.

关键词： Battery diagnostics Ultrasonic battery monitoring Acoustic battery inspection Mechanical-electrochemical correlation Machine learning Artificial neural networks

Field distortion by a single cavity in HVDC XlPE cable under steady state

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High Voltage 2016年第3期1卷 107-114页

作者： Miao He George Chen paul l.lewin Faculty of Physics and Applied Science School of Electronic and Computer ScienceUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK

Electric field distribution in high voltage direct current(HVDC)cross-linked polyethylene(XlPE)cable at steady state is researched in this *** the condition that no cavity exists,equations describing the critical temperature difference for field reversal,and electric field distribution at steady state are *** the cable with cavity is studied via the finite element analysis method,2D and 3D model can be two possible *** comparison between these two models provides the reference for model selection so that the problem can be solved *** study field enhancement by a single air-filled cavity at steady state,some possibly influenced factors are considered,including the cavity location,cavity size,cavity shape,temperature difference and material *** equation describing field enhancement is given in the study.

关键词： XlPE cavity state