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A gene expression estimator of intramuscular fat percentage for use in both cattle and sheep

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第4期5卷 379-390页

作者： Bing Guo Kritaya Kongsuwan paul l greenwood Guanghong Zhou Wangang Zhang Brian P Dalrymple Key laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and NutritionCollege of Food Science and TechnologyNanjing Agriculture University CSIRO Animal Food and Health SciencesSt.Lucia QLD 4067Australia National Institute of Animal Health 50/2 KasetklangLadyaoBangkok 10900Thailand CSIRO Animal Food and Health SciencesArmidale NSW 2350Australia NSW Department of primary Industries Armidale NSW 2350Australia

Background：The expression of genes encoding proteins involved in triacyglyceride and fatty acid synthesis and storage in cattle muscle are correlated with intramuscular fat（IMF）%.Are the same genes also correlated with IMF%in sheep muscle,and can the same set of genes be used to estimate IMF%in both species？Results：The correlation between gene expression（microarray） and IMF%in the longissimus muscle（lM） of twenty sheep was *** integrated analysis of this dataset with an equivalent cattle correlation dataset and a cattle differential expression dataset was undertaken.A total of 30 genes were identified to be strongly correlated with IMF%in both cattle and *** overlap of genes was highly significant,8 of the 13 genes in the TAG gene set and 8 of the 13 genes in the FA gene set were in the top 100 and 500 genes respertively most correlated with IMF%in sheep,P-value = *** the 30 genes,CIDEA,THRSP,ACSM1,DGAT2 and FABP4 had the highest average rank in both *** the data from two small groups of Brahman cattle（control and Hormone growth promotant-treated[known to decrease IMF%in muscle]） and 22 animals in total,the utility of a direct measure and different estimators of IMF%（ultrasound and gene expression） to differentiate between the two groups were *** measured IMF%and IMF%estimated from ultrasound scanning could not discriminate between the two ***,using gene expression to estimate IMF%discriminated between the two *** the number of genes used to estimate IMF%from one to five significantly increased the discrimination power;but increasing the number of genes to 15 resulted in little further ***：We have demonstrated the utility of a comparative approach to identify robust estimators of IMF%in the lM in cattle and *** have also demonstrated a number of approaches（potentially applicable to much smaller groups of animals than conventional methods） to using gene expression to rank animal

关键词： Cattle Gene expression phenotype IMF% Sheep

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Simulating geometrically complex blast scenarios

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2016年第2期12卷 134-146页

作者： Ian G.CUllIS Nikos NIKIFORAKIS Peter FRANKl Philip BlAKElY paul BENNETT paul greenwood QinetiQ Fort Halstead Sevenoaks Kent T N14 7BP UK Cavendish laboratory Cambridge University Cambridge CB30LH UK Cambridge Numerical Solutions ltd Ely Cambridge CB7 5NE UK

The effects of blast waves generated by energetic and non-energetic sources are of continuing interest to the ballistics research *** conflicts are increasingly characterised by asymmetric urban warfare, with improvised explosive devices(IEDs) often playing a dominant role on the one hand and an armed forces requirement for minimal collateral effects from their weapons on the other. These problems are characterised by disparate length- and time-scales and may also be governed by complex physics. There is thus an increasing need to be able to rapidly assess and accurately predict the effects of energetic blast in topologically complex scenarios. To this end, this paper presents a new Qineti Q-developed advanced computational package called EAGlE-Blast, which is capable of accurately resolving the generation, propagation and interaction of blast waves around geometrically complex shapes such as vehicles and buildings. After a brief description of the numerical methodology, various blast scenario simulations are described and the results compared with experimental data to demonstrate the validation of the scheme and its ability to describe these complex scenarios accurately and efficiently. The paper concludes with a brief discussion on the use of the code in supporting the development of algorithms for fast running engineering models.

关键词：爆炸装置复杂场景场景模拟能量来源武装部队时间尺度相互作用形状复杂

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Biodegradation of occluded hydrocarbons and kerogen macromolecules of the Permian lucaogou shales,Junggar Basin,NW China

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Energy Geoscience 2023年第1期4卷 179-184页

作者： Yan'e Chen longlong li Zhirong Zhang paul F.greenwood Yumin liu Wuxi Branch of SINOPEC Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute WuxiJiangsu214126China SINOPEC Key laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms WuxiJiangsu214126China Hubei Key laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment Yangtze UniversityWuhanHubei430100China School of Earth Sciences University of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia Western Australia Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre School of Earth and Planetary SciencesCurtin UniversityGPO Box U1987PerthWA6845Australia Hubei Key laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry and Environment(Yangtze University) Yangtze UniversityWuhan430100China

Three kerogen samples(JJZG-1,JJZG-2 and JJZG-3)isolated from the Permian lucaogou shales of varying biodegradation levels(Bls≈0,3 and 7,respectively)were subjected to sequential stepwise pyrolysis combined with on-line detection of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Occluded fractions(bitumenⅡ)released at low-temperature steps(≥410℃)show consistent biodegradative signatures with that reported for solvent-extracted fractions(bitumenⅠ)of the original shales,e.g.,broad range of abundant n-alkanes,isoprenoids and regular hopanes for the non-biodegraded JJZG-1;trace n-alkanes and abundant hopanes for the moderately biodegraded JJZG-2;and no n-alkanes but still prominent hopanes including the microbially produced 25-nohopanes for the severely biodegraded *** consistency between bitumenⅡand bitumenⅠfractions indicates the biodegradability of the kerogenoccluded bitumenⅡwith limited protection from host kerogen.A minor level of protection was suggested by the trace distribution of n-alkanes in the bitumenⅡof JJZG-2,whereas the bitumenⅠhad no *** kerogen itself was more resistant to biodegradation as reflected by the persistence of high abundances of both n-alkanes and hopanes in the high temperature(≥460℃)products of all three kerogen ***,the relative abundances of these product groups did show some evidence of biodegradation alteration,e.g.,ratios of n-C_(15)alkene/C_(27)hop-17(21)-ene at 510℃pyrolysis decreased by order of magnitude from the non-biodegraded(JJZG-1=27.4)to highly biodegraded(0.3 for JJZG-3)*** reduced biodegradation impact on the kerogen fraction(*** fractions)was also evident by the absence of 25-norhopanes in the high-temperature analysis of the JJZG-3 kerogen.

关键词： Biodegradation Stepwise pyrolysis Occluded hydrocarbon BitumenⅡ Kerogen Source rock Permian lucaogou shale Junggar Basin

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Attitudes,beliefs,behaviours and perspectives on barriers and enablers of Australian general practitioners towards non-drug interventions:a national survey

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第1期12卷 1-8页

作者： loai Albarqouni Hannah greenwood Caroline Dowsett Tammy Hoffmann Rae Thomas paul Glasziou Institute for Evidence-based Healthcare Faculty of Health Sciences&MedicineBond UniversityRobinaQueenslandAustralia Tropical Australian Academic Health Centre TownsvilleQueenslandAustralia

Background Many guidelines recommend non-drug interventions(NDIs)for managing common conditions in primary ***,compared with drug interventions,NDIs are less widely known,promoted and *** aim to(1)examine general practitioners’(GPs’)knowledge,attitudes and practices for NDIs,including their use of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners(RACGP)Handbook of Non-Drug Interventions(HANDI),and(2)identify factors influencing their use of NDIs and *** We conducted a web-based cross-sectional survey of practicing GP members in Australia during October-November *** survey contained five sections:characteristics of GP;knowledge and use of NDIs;attitudes towards NDIs;barriers and enablers to using HANDI;and suggestions of NDIs and ideas to improve the uptake of NDIs in primary *** Of the 366 GPs who completed the survey,242(66%)were female,and 248(74%)were≥45 years *** in three GPs reported that they regularly(‘always’)recommend NDIs to their patients when appropriate(34%),whereas one-third of GPs were unaware of HANDI(39%).GPs identified several factors that improve the uptake of HANDI,including‘access and integration of HANDI in clinical practice’,‘content and support to use in practice’and‘awareness and training’.Conclusions While many GPs are aware of the effectiveness of NDIs and often endorse their use,obstacles still prevent widespread adoption in primary *** results of this survey can serve as a foundation for developing implementation strategies to improve the uptake of effective evidence-based NDIs in primary care.

关键词： enable survey sectional

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Sediment generation and soil mound denudation in areas of high-density tree throw along a river valley in the Jura Mountains, Switzerland

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第2期18卷 377-391页

作者： Philip greenwood Jan BAUER Nikolaus J KUHN Physical Geography&Environmental Change Research Group Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 27Basel-4056Switzerland

A preliminary field-based investigation was undertaken in a small(<10 km^(2))river valley located in the mountainous Jura region of northwest *** aims of the work were to assess sediment generation and annual sediment... 详细信息

A preliminary field-based investigation was undertaken in a small(lley located in the mountainous Jura region of northwest *** aims of the work were to assess sediment generation and annual sediment transport rates by tree throw on forested hillslopes,and to document surface hydrology characteristics on four fresh soil mounds associated with recent tree throws over a 24-day monitoring *** the soil mounds,average sediment recovery ranged from 7.7-28.2 g(dry weight),equivalent to a suspended sediment concentration of 145.2-327.8 g l^(-1),and runoff coefficients ranged from 1.0%-4.2%.Based on a soil bulk density value of 1,044 kg m^(-3),upslope runoff generation areas were denuded by an average 0.14 mm by the end of the 24-day monitoring period,representing an erosion rate equivalent to 2.1 mm yr^(-1).A ca.50 cm high soil mound could therefore feasibly persist for around 200-250 *** tree throw work,the dimensions of 215 individual tree throws were measured and their locations mapped in 12 separate locations along the river valley representing a cumulative area equivalent to 5.3 ha(***,43 per ha).Tree throws generated a total of 20.1 m^(3) of fine-sediment(lent of 3.8×10^(-4) m^(3) m^(-2).The process of tree throw was originally attributed to two extreme weather events that occurred in west and central Europe in late December *** the 18-year period since both storms,this represents an annual sediment transport rate of 2.7×10^(-5) m^(3) m^(-1) yr^(-1).Exploring the relationship with wind on fall direction,65.5%of tree throws(143)generally fell in a downslope direction irrespective of hillslope aspect on which they were *** infers that individual storms may not have been responsible for the majority of tree throws,but instead,could be associated with root *** the high density of tree throws and their relative maturity(average age 41 years),we hypothesise that once tr

关键词： Tree throw Hillslope processes Sediment generation mechanism Sediment transport rate Soil mound Ibach river valley

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Personal Information Self-Management:A Survey of Technologies Supporting Administrative Services

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2021年第3期36卷 664-692页

作者： paul Marillonnet Maryline laurent Mikaël Ates Entr'ouvert Paris 75014France SAMOVAR Télécom SudParisInstitut Polytechnique de ParisEvry 91000France

This paper presents a survey of technologies for personal data self-management interfacing with administrative and territorial public service *** classifies a selection of scientific technologies into four categories of solutions:Personal Data Store(PDS),Identity Manager(IdM),Anonymous Certificate System and Access Control Delegation *** category,along with its technological approach,is analyzed thanks to 18 identified functional criteria that encompass architectural and communication aspects,as well as user data lifecycle *** originality of the survey is ***,as far as we know,there is no such thorough survey covering such a panel of a dozen of existing ***,it is the first survey addressing Personally Identifiable Information(PII)management for both administrative and private service ***,this paper achieves a functional comparison of solutions of very different technical *** outcome of this paper is the clear identification of functional gaps of each *** a result,this paper establishes the research directions to follow in order to fill these functional gaps.

关键词： personal information management privacy enforcement user-centric solution technological survey

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油气包裹体分子组成的热释-色谱-质谱分析

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石油实验地质 2021年第5期43卷 915-920页

作者：陈彦鄂张志荣 greenwood paul 中国石化油气成藏重点实验室江苏无锡214126 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所江苏无锡214126 西澳大学澳大利亚珀斯WA6009

油气包裹体分子组成对油气成藏研究来说具有较大的应用价值。由于油气包裹体中所含物质的量不能满足常规化学仪器分析的要求,因此通常需要研发定制仪器且实现难度较大,从而限制了该技术的推广应用。采用热释—色谱—质谱法对澳大利亚Hal... 详细信息

油气包裹体分子组成对油气成藏研究来说具有较大的应用价值。由于油气包裹体中所含物质的量不能满足常规化学仪器分析的要求,因此通常需要研发定制仪器且实现难度较大,从而限制了该技术的推广应用。采用热释—色谱—质谱法对澳大利亚Halibut油田原油的人工合成包裹体、澳大利亚Jabiru油田和塔河油田油气包裹体样品进行了烃类组成分析。正构烃类,单、双以及三环芳烃等组分能够被有效检测到,检出化合物的最高碳数超过了C30。该方法与其他手段分析结果具有较高的可比性,Jabiru油田包裹体热释—色谱—质谱分析与包裹体分子组成离线分析(MCI,Molecular Composition of Inclusion)的结果对比显示,芳烃化合物的成熟度参数仅有微小的差异,两种方法获得的包裹体烃类成熟度均明显低于产出原油,印证了油气流体在被捕获形成包裹体后能够避免后期改造的影响。热释法作为一种通用的常规方法,同样适用于油气包裹体的分析,相比于其他手段,该方法更加便捷。

关键词：油气包裹体生物标志物热释法色谱—质谱

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Distinguishing normal brain aging from the development of Alzheimer＇s disease：inflammation,insulin signaling and cognition

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第10期13卷 1719-1730页

作者： paul Denver paula l.McClean Greater los Angeles Veterans Affairs Healthcare System West Los Angeles Medical Center and Department of NeurologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Centre for Molecular Biosciences University of UlsterColeraine Northern Ireland UK Northern Ireland Centre for Stratified Medicine ClinicalTranslational and Research Innovation Centre (C-TRIC)University of UlsterDerry/Londonderry Northern Ireland UK

As populations age, prevalence of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） is rising. Over 100 years of research has provided valuable insights into the pathophysiology of the disease, for which age is the principal risk factor. However, in recent years, a multitude of clinical trial failures has led to pharmaceutical corporations becoming more and more unwilling to support drug development in AD. It is possible that dependence on the amyloid cascade hypothesis as a guide for preclinical research and drug discovery is part of the problem. Accumulating evidence suggests that amyloid plaques and tau tangles are evident in non-demented individuals and that reducing or clearing these lesions does not always result in clinical improvement. Normal aging is associated with pathologies and cognitive decline that are similar to those observed in AD, making differentiation of AD-related cognitive decline and neuropathology challenging. In this mini-review, we discuss the difficulties with discerning normal, age-related cognitive decline with that related to AD. We also discuss some neuropathological features of AD and aging, including amyloid and tau pathology, synapse loss, inflammation and insulin signaling in the brain, with a view to highlighting cognitive or neuropathological markers that distinguish AD from normal aging. It is hoped that this review will help to bolster future preclinical research and support the development of clinical tools and therapeutics for AD.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease aging inflammation cognitive function spatial learning insulin signaling synapses cytokines

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Edge-Aware level Set Diffusion and Bilateral Filtering Reconstruction for Image Magnification

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第4期24卷 734-744页

作者：黄华臧彧 paul l.Rosin 齐春 School of Electronics and Information Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an 710049 China School of Computer Science Cardiff University Cardiff U.K.

In this paper we propose an image magnification reconstruction method. In recent years many interpolation algorithms have been proposed for image magnification, but all of them have defects to some degree, such as jaggies and blurring. To solve these problems, we propose applying post-processing which consists of edge-aware level set diffusion and bilateral filtering. After the initial interpolation, the contours of the image are identified. Next, edge-aware level set diffusion is applied to these significant contours to remove the jaggies, followed by bilateral filtering at the same locations to reduce the blurring created by the initial interpolation and level set diffusion. These processes produce sharp contours without jaggies and preserve the details of the image. Results show that the overall RMS error of our method barely increases while the contour smoothness and sharpness are substantially improved.

关键词： computer application image magnification reconstruction edge-aware level set diffusion bilateral filtering

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Scaling the Microphysics Equations and Analyzing the Variability of Hydrometeor Production Rates in a Controlled Parameter Space

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2002年第4期19卷 619-650页

作者： Chungu lu paul Schultz and Gerald l Browning NOAA Forecast Systems laboratory Boulder USA Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere Colorado State University Fort Collins USA

A set of microphysics equations is scaled based on the convective length and velocity scales. Comparisons are made among the dynamical transport and various microphysical processes. From the scaling analysis, it becomes apparent which parameterized microphysical processes present off-scaled influences in the integration of the set of microphysics equations. The variabilities of the parameterized microphysical processes are also studied using the approach of a controlled parameter space. Given macroscopic dynamic and thermodynamic conditions in different regions of convective storms, it is possible to analyze and compare vertical profiles of these processes. Bulk diabatic heating profiles for a cumulus convective updraft and downdraft are also derived from this analysis. From the two different angles, the scale analysis and the controlled-parameter space approach can both provide an insight into and an understanding of microphysics parameterizations.

关键词： cloud microphysical parameterization scale analysis controlled parameter space numerical weather prediction

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