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Microwave/Thermal Analyses for Human Bone Characterization

Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期9卷 101-111页

作者： Vinay Kumar Suryadevara Suyog Patil james Rizkalla Ahdy Helmy paul Salama Maher Rizkalla Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis USA Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis USA Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute (INDI) Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Indianapolis USA

A novel imaging approach utilizing microwave scattering was proposed in order to analyze various properties of bone. Microwave frequencies of 900 MHz, 1 GHz, and 2.4 GHz were used during this study. This investigation’s objectives were to emphasize characteristics of abnormalities in human bones and to detect fine fractures through contrasts in bone density. The finite element method (FEM) presented here is generated from COMSOL software at different frequencies. The study identified the optimum transmission directed at the interface layers from an external microwave source. It was found that approximately 900 MHz microwave power was ideal for this application. This can be attributed to the penetration depth where the power dissipation is analyzed based on bone condition. The microwave energy was generated from an exterior antenna that was interfaced, via catheter, to skeletal bone. The power transmitted to bone was converted into thermal energy, and has led to a visible temperature distribution pattern, which reflects the bone density level, and accordingly, the type of bone under investigation. The electrical and thermal properties, including the dielectric permittivity, thermal conductivity, and heat flux absorption through the bone substance, have great implications on the FEM distribution. The boundary conditions using tangential matching of field components at the tissue-bone interface were incorporated into the finite element method. The average power from the electromagnetic fields (estimated from the Poynting’s vector, P = E*H), was assumed to be fully absorbed as heat due to the conductivity of the bone material. Furthermore, microwave energy was applied as a delta function and the thermal distributions have been analyzed in order to distinguish between normal healthy bone and bones with structural or metabolic abnormalities. The latter was emulated by different bone density to contrast normal bone anatomy. The FEM simulation suggests that thermography mic

关键词： Microwave Human Bones Simulation FEM COMSOL Thermal Diagnosis

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Assessment of the Social, Economic and Environmental Aspects of Solid Waste Management in Selected Open Dumpsites in Kenya

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2015年第9期4卷 490-493页

作者： Kenneth Kamumbu Mugo james Muraya Gichanga Gatebe Erastus paul Mwangi Njogu Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IEET) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi 00100 Kenya Department of Chemistry Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUA 19 Nairobi 00100 Kenya

The most prevalent way of disposing solid waste in most of the developing countries is open dumping which is the easiest and considered to be the cheapest method of removing waste from the immediate environment. The increasing awareness on public health and environment quality concerns are expected to provide the impetus that is needed to develop and implement a sustainable approach to manage solids. An inventory of these locations, the types of waste handled and management processes for waste products will aid in the assessment of the polluting capability of such sites. This paper discusses research experiences gathered during a study that was undertaken in three Kenya dumpsites to explore the potential for utilising the waste for energy generation in a low-income economy and at the same time, address worsening disposal challenges.

关键词： Solid waste dumpsites management.

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From adaption to death: endoplasmic reticulum stress as a novel target of selective neurodegeneration?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第9期10卷 1397-1398页

作者： Yiting Liu james R.Connor Department of Neurology University of Colorado at Denver Anschutz Medical Campus Department of Neurosurgery Pennsylvania State University M.S. Hershey Medical Center 500 University Drive

Neurodegenerative disease is a condition in which subpopulations of neuronal cells of the brain and spinal cord are selectively lost. A common event in many neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson＇s disease （PD）, Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis （ALS）, multiple sclerosis and prion diseases, is the increased level of endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress caused by accumulation and deposits of inclusion bodies that contain abnormal aggregated proteins. However, the exact contributions to and causal effects of ER stress in neuron degeneration are not clear （Lindholm et al., 2006）.

关键词： From adaption to death ER

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Liquid biopsy in ovarian cancer:Catching the silent killer before it strikes

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第11期11卷 868-889,I0002页

作者： Laura Feeney Ian JG Harley W Glenn McCluggage paul B Mullan james P Beirne Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research Queens UniversityBelfast BT97AEUnited Kingdom Northern Ireland Gynaecological Cancer Centre Belfast Health and Social Care TrustBelfast BT97ABUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Belfast Health and Social Care TrustBelfast BT126BLUnited Kingdom Trinity St james Cancer Institute St.James’HospitalDublin 8Ireland

Epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC)is the most lethal gynaecological malignancy in the western *** majority of women presenting with the disease are asymptomatic and it has been dubbed the“silent killer”.To date there is no effective minimally invasive method of stratifying those with the disease or screening for the disease in the general *** molecular and pathological discoveries,along with the advancement of scientific technology,means there is a real possibility of having disease-specific liquid biopsies available within the clinical environment in the near *** this review we discuss these discoveries,particularly in relation to the most common and aggressive form of EOC,and their role in making this possibility a reality.

关键词： Epithelial ovarian cancer Molecular profile Liquid biopsy Circulating tumor DNA Biomarker discovery Precision medicine

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Eletromagnetic Detection of Mild Brain Injury: A Novel Imaging Approach to Post Concussive Syndrome

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2021年第11期14卷 347-360页

作者： james Rizkalla David Botros Nasser Alqahtani Mounica Patnala paul Salama Felipe Pablo Perez Maher Rizkalla Baylor University Medical Center Dallas Texas USA John Hopkins Medicine Department of Neurology Baltimore MD USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) In-dianapolis IN USA Department of Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN USA

Introduction: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a common injury, with nearly 3 - 4 million cases annually in the United States alone. Neuroimaging in patients with mTBI provides little benefit, and is usually not indicated as the diagnosis is primarily clinical. It is theorized that microvascular trauma to the brain may be present in mTBI, that may not be captured by routine MRI and CT scans. Electromagnetic (EM) waves may provide a more sensitive medical imaging modality to provide objective data in the diagnosis of mTBI. Methods: COMSOL simulation software was utilized to mimic the anatomy of the human skull including skin, cranium, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), gray-matter tissue of the brain, and microvasculature within the neural tissue. The effects of penetrating EM waves were simulated using the finite element analysis software and results were generated to identify feasibility and efficacy. Frequency ranges from 7 GHz to 15 GHz were considered, with 0.6 and 1 W power applied. Results: Variations between the differing frequency levels generated different energy levels within the neural tissue—particularly when comparing normal microvasculature versus hemorrhage from microvasculature. This difference within the neural tissue was subsequently identified, via simulation, serving as a potential imaging modality for future work. Conclusion: The use of electromagnetic imaging of the brain after concussive events may play a role in future mTBI diagnosis. Utilizing the proper depth frequency and wavelength, neural tissue and microvascular trauma may be identified utilizing finite element analysis.

关键词： Brain Injury Trauma Imaging Simulation COMSOL

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Antimicrobial Resistance among Enterobacteriaceae Found in Chicken and Cow Droppings and Their Public Health Importance

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Advances in Microbiology 2021年第11期11卷 694-711页

作者： Chukwuebuka Chisom Anene Angus Nnamdi Oli Peter Anyigor Edeh Moses Ugochukwu Okezie james-paul Kretchy Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Agulu Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Applied Microbiology and Brewing Faculty of Biosciences Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Department of Physician Assistantship Studies School of Medicine and Health Sciences Central University Accra Ghana

Introduction: The recent surge in the number of antimicrobial resistant cases from hospitals and communities has created a need to study the points and sources of exposure to certain bacteria and determine their susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics. This study aimed at identifying and screening for drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from chicken droppings and cow dungs in Onitsha, Anambra state, in the South-Eastern part of Nigeria. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study which included 50 chickens and 50 cow dung samples collected from five poultry houses and cow ranches respectively using sterile swab sticks. The samples were transported to the laboratory and processed following standard microbiological protocols. Isolates in the samples were recovered using MacConkey Agar, Eosin Methylene Blue Agar and Salmonella-Shigella Agar following standard microbiological procedures and then identified/characterized biochemically using commercial API 20E identification kits following the standard manufacturer’s protocol. Isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing on Muller Hinton Agar using Kirby Bauer double-disc diffusion technique. The multiple antibiotics resistance index was determined as well. Isolates with reduced susceptibility to Ceftazidime were screened for extended spectrum beta-lactamase, AmpC- and metallo-beta-lactamase-production using Rosco Diagnostic kit. Results: Sixty-two (100%) Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from a total of 100 samples collected from both sites, out of which 43 (69.4%) are Enterobacteriaceae. A total of 30/43 (69.8%) Enterobacteriaceae including K. pneumoniae, S. enteritica, S. odorifera, E. coli, K. intermediate, P. stuartii, E. aerogenes, P. penneri, P. mirabilis and C. braakii were recovered from chicken droppings, whereas 13/43 (30.2%) Enterobacteriaceae including K. pneumoniae, S. enteritica, S. odorifera, E. coli, K. intermediate, P. stuartii, E.

关键词： Antibiogram Antibiotic Resistance Enterobacteriaceae One Health Nigeria

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Survival Rates Following Skeletal Metastases—A Twenty-Year Analysis

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第9期5卷 288-296页

作者： Mohannad B. Ammori Sunil Panchani Jonathan J. Gregory james Wylie Ashok paul Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Royal Gwent Hospital Newport UK Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Manchester Royal Infirmary Manchester UK The Christie Hospital Manchester UK

Introduction: The aims of this study were to establish an estimate of the prognosis and to identify the variables predictive of survival following the diagnosis of metastatic bone disease. Materials and Methods: Ninety-seven patients diagnosed with skeletal metastases confirmed by histological examination between 1991 and 2010 were selected. Data were retrospectively collected including age and sex, sites and histology of the primary tumour and skeletal metastases, presence of visceral metastases, pathological fracture, and the treatment received. Results: Ninety-three patients (95.9%) were deceased. The overall rate of survival was 47% at 6 months, 31% at one year and 10% at three years. Multivariate analysis confirmed the grade of malignancy, age and systemic therapy as independent predictors of survival. Discussion and Conclusion: The prognosis of patients with skeletal metastases should be estimated according to the site and histology of the primary tumour, grade of malignancy and age at the time of presentation.

关键词： Oncology Skeletal Metastases Survival

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Statistical analyses for NANOGrav 5-year timing residuals

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2017年第2期17卷 63-76页

作者： Yan Wang james M. Cordes Fredrick A. Jenet Shami Chatterjee paul B. Demorest Timothy Dolch Justin A. Ellis Michael T. Lam Dustin R. Madison Maura A. McLaughlin Delphine Perrodin Joanna Rankin Xavier Siemens Michele Vallisneri MOE Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurements School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China Center for Advanced Radio Astronomy University of Texas at Brownsville 1 West University Boulevard Brownsville TX 78520 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Texas at Brownsville 1 West University Boulevard Brownsville TX 78520 USA Department of Astronomy Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA National Radio Astronomy Observatory 520 Edgemont Road Charlottesville VA 22903 USA Department of Physics Hillsdale College 33 E. College Street Hillsdale M149242 USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena CA 91106 USA Department of Physics West Virginia University EO. Box 6315 Morgantown WV 26505 USA INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari Via della Scienza 5 09047 Selargius (CA) Italy Department of Physics University of Vermont Burlington VT 05405 USA Center for Gravitation Cosmology and Astrophysics Department of Physics University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee P.O. Box 413 Milwaukee WI 53201 USA

In pulsar timing, timing residuals are the differences between the observed times of arrival and predictions from the timing model. A comprehensive timing model will produce featureless resid- uals, which are presumably composed of dominating noise and weak physical effects excluded from the timing model （e.g. gravitational waves）. In order to apply optimal statistical methods for detecting weak gravitational wave signals, we need to know the statistical properties of noise components in the residuals. In this paper we utilize a variety of non-parametric statistical tests to analyze the whiteness and Gaussianity of the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves （NANOGrav） 5- year timing data, which are obtained from Arecibo Observatory and Green Bank Telescope from 2005 to 2010. We find that most of the data are consistent with white noise; many data deviate from Gaussianity at different levels, nevertheless, removing outliers in some pulsars will mitigate the deviations.

关键词： pulsar timing array general -- statistical tests

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Short-term nitisinone discontinuation of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 mice causes metabolic alterations in glutathione metabolism/biosynthesis and multiple amino acid degradation pathways

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第5期10卷 1759-1762页

作者： Colemonts-Vroninks Haaike Norman P.Brendan Van Laere Sven Davison S.Andrew Marcélis Lionel Casimir Georges Goyens Philippe Claes paul De Bundel Dimitri Martens Geert Ranganath Lakshminarayan Rao Vanhaecke Tamara Gallagher james A De Kock Joery Vrije Universiteit Brussel Liver Therapy&Evolution TeamIn Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology(IVTD)Research GroupFaculty of Medicine and PharmacyLaarbeeklaan 103Brussels B-1090Belgium Vrije Universiteit Brussel Experimental Pharmacology(EFAR)Research GroupFaculty of Medicine and PharmacyLaarbeeklaan 103Brussels B-1090Belgium University of Liverpool Dept.of Musculoskeletal&Ageing ScienceInstitute of Life Course&Medical SciencesLiverpool L78TXUnited Kingdom Vrije Universiteit Brussel Interfaculty Center Data Processing and StatisticsFaculty of Medicine and PharmacyLaarbeeklaan 103Brussels B-1090Belgium Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic MedicineLiverpool L35PSUnited Kingdom UniversitéLibre de Bruxelles Laboratoire de PédiatrieBrussels B-1050Belgium Vrije Universiteit Brussel In Vitro Liver Disease Modelling TeamIn Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology(IVTD)Research GroupFaculty of Medicine and PharmacyLaarbeeklaan 103Brussels B-1090Belgium AZ Delta General Hospital Department of Laboratory MedicineRoeselare 8800Belgium Ghent University Department of Biomolecular MedicineGhent 9052Belgium

Hereditary tyrosinemia type 1(HT1)is a life-threatening disease caused by the patient's inability to break down tyrosine due to loss-of-function mutations in the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase(FAH)enzyme(Fig.S1).Currently,the only available life-saving treatment is nitisinone(NTBC).However,nitisinone therapy comes with debilitating side effects and requires a strict drug regime combined with a tyrosine-and phenylalanine-restricted ***,therapy adherence is often experienced as an additional *** this study,transcriptional profiling was conducted parallel to high-resolution metabolomics on,respectively,liver tissue and serum samples of Fah-deficient *** experimental workflow of our study is shown in Figure *** pathway analyses showed manifest activation of the NRF2-stress response,associated with hepatocellular damage and mainly driven by a markedly increased oxidative *** altered canonical pathways were primarily a downstream consequence of the ***,we observed an overall aminoacidemia and changes related to aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis,which postulates that short-term nitisinone discontinuation can already put the patient at risk for hepatocellular carcinoma ***,we did not only identify changes in numerous pathways,directly and indirectly,related to the metabolism of tyrosine and glutathione but also the presence of“side-chain”metabolites,such as y-glutamyl-and N-acetyl-coupled amino acids,indicating that non-directly related pathways like phase II biotransformation reactions are also affected.

关键词： continuation Figure hereditary

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C++大学教程第二版

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丛书名：国外计算机科学教材系列

2001年

作者：（美）Harvey M.Deitel （美）paul james Deitel 邱仲潘等译

本书是一本C++编程方面的优秀教程，全面地介绍了过程式编程与面向对象编程的原理和方法，细致地分析了各种性能问题、移植性问题和可能出错的地方，介绍了如何提高软件工程质量，详细讨论了新的ANSIC++标准和标准模板库(STL)。

ISBN: (数字)7505367277

ISBN: (纸本)7505367277

关键词： C语言高等学校程序设计

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