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Pyrolysis behaviour and kinetic analysis of waste polylactic acid composite reinforced with reed straw processing residue

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2024年第3期7卷 74-83页

作者： Bo Chen Sen Ma sachin Kumar Zhitong Yao Wanqi Feng Jianbo Zhao Xu Zhang Di Cai Hui Cao Ian Watson Systems Power and Energy Research DivisionJames Watts School of EngineeringCollege of Science and EngineeringJames Watt SouthUniversity of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUnited Kingdom College of Life Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029PR China College of Energy State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesXiamen UniversityXiamen 361102PR China Department of Energy Engineering Centre of Excellence-Green and Efficient Energy Technology(CoE-GEET)Central University of JharkhandRanchi 835205India College of Materials Science and Environmental Engineering Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018PR China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Tarim UniversityAlarXinjiang 843300PR China National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029PR China

The lignocellulose reinforced composites are commonly used sustainable materials with good mechanical and physical *** to properly dispose and recover the potential value of discarded lignocellulose reinforced composites,the pyrolysis behaviour and kinetics of reed straw processing residual/polylactic acid(RSPR/PLA)composites,a typical 3D printing material,was *** on the TG-FTIR results,the synergistic effects between RSPR and PLA during the pyrolysis process were *** with the FTIR spectra of PLA,the absorption peaks of CO and CO_(2)disappear in the FTIR spectra of RSPR/PLA composite,which indicates RSPR provides additional free radicals for the free radical reaction of PLA,and further promoting the *** apparent activation energy of the RSPR/PLA composite pyrolysis was calculated by two iso-conversional methods including Flynn-Wall-Ozawa(FWO)and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose(KAS).The average Ea of the RSPR/PLA composite(122.6 kJ mol^(-1)(FWO)and 117.9 kJ mol^(-1)(KAS))was lower than that of solo pyrolysis of RSPR(138.5 kJ mol^(-1)(FWO)and 135.4 kJ mol^(-1)(KAS))and the pure PLA(197.0 kJ mol^(-1)(FWO)and 196.6 kJ mol^(-1)(KAS)).The master plot method results suggested the pyrolysis of RSPR/PLA composite followed the one-dimensional(D1)diffusion *** work provides an environmentally friendly strategy to effective thermo-chemical upgrading of the value of discarded lignocellulose reinforced composite material.

关键词： Biobased composite Pyrolysis conversion Synergy Bio-oil Reaction kinetics

Systematic review with expert consensus on use of extracorporeal hemoadsorption in septic shock:An Indian perspective

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第1期13卷 65-75页

作者： Yatin Mehta Abdul Samad Ansari Amit Kumar Mandal Dipanjan Chatterjee Gauri Shankar Sharma Prachee Sathe Purvesh V Umraniya Rajib paul sachin Gupta Vinod Singh Yogendra Pal Singh Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesiology Medanta The MedicityGurgaon 122001HaryanaIndia Department of Critical Care Nanavati Max Super Specialty HospitalMumbai 400065India Department of Pulmonology Sleep and Critical CareFortis HospitalMohaliPunjabMohali 160062PunjabIndia Department of Cardio-Puimonary Critical Care Medica Superspecialty HospitalKolkata 700099India Department of Critical Care Medicine Fortis HospitalNew Delhi 110070India Department of Critical Care Medicine D.Y.Patil Medical CollegeSant Tukaram NagarPimpri ColonyPimpri-ChinchwadPune 411018India Department of Critical Care Medicine Bhailal Amin General HospitalVadodara 390003GujaratIndia Department of Internal Medicine Apollo HospitalsJubilee HillsHyderabad 500033India Department of Anaesthesiology Narayana Superspeciality HospitalGurugram 122002India Department of Critical Care Medicine Institute of Critical Care MedicineHospital Name-Sir Ganga Ram HospitalNew Delhi 110001India Department of Critical Care Medicine Max Super Speciality HospitalDelhi 110092India

BACKGROUND Septic shock is a severe form of sepsis characterised by deterioration in circulatory and cellular-metabolic *** standard therapy,the outcomes are *** adjuvant therapy,such as CytoSorb®extracorporeal haemoadsorption device,has been investigated and shown promising ***,there is a lack of some guidance to make clinical decisions on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption as an adjuvant therapy in septic shock in Indian ***,this expert consensus was *** To formulate/establish specific consensus statements on the use of CytoSorb®haemoadsorption treatment based on the best available evidence and contextualised to the Indian *** We performed a comprehensive literature on CytoSorb®haemoadsorption in sepsis,septic shock in PubMed selecting papers published between January 2011 and March 20232021 in English *** statements for a consensus document were developed based on the summarised literature analysis and identification of knowledge *** a modified Delphi approach combining evidence appraisal and expert opinion,the following topics related to CytoSorb®in septic shock were addressed:need for adjuvant therapy,initiation timeline,need for Interleukin-6 levels,duration of therapy,change of adsorbers,safety,prerequisite condition,efficacy endpoints and management *** expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and voted on nine statements and one open-ended *** Eleven expert members from critical care,emergency medicine,and the intensive care participated and voted on nine statements and one open-ended *** 11 experts in the consensus group(100%)participated in the first,second and third round of *** three iterative voting rounds and adapting two statements,consensus was achieved on nine statements out of nine *** consensus expert panel also recognised the necessity to form an associatio

关键词： Consensus CytoSorb Cytokine Hemoadsorption Refractory Sepsis Septic shock

Decision-Making and Management of Self-Care in Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Preliminary Study

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： paul E. Plonski Jasmin Vassileva Ryan Shahidi paul B. Perrin William Carter Lance L. Goetz Amber Brochetti james M. Bjork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center Richmond VA USA Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurobehavioral determinants of SCI self-care behavior, such as impulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them could inform efforts to improve SCI self-care. We explored associations between impulsivity and self-care in an observational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with paraplegia at least six months before assessment. The primary outcome measure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression models that included all neurobehavioral measures and demographics as predictors of self-care, dispositional measures of greater impulsivity (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-making parameter derived from computationally modeling successive choices in a gambling task, was also associated with self-care behavior. These results are preliminary;more research is needed to demonstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Information about associations between impulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the development of interventions to improve SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-Making Paraplegia Impulsive Behavior Health Care

Competitive interactions and coexistence of sympatric flagship carnivores in Asia

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Integrative Zoology 2024年第2期19卷 183-199页

作者： Zhilin LI Jiayu LU Xiaoyi SHI Li’an DUO james L.D.SMITH Tianming WANG Tianjin Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Animal Diversity College of Life SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina Department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMinnesotaUSA Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Conservation Ecology of Northeast Tiger and Leopard BeijingChina

Understanding the competition and coexistence of flagship carnivores is key to creating strategies for their conservation in the face of global carnivore *** studies exploring the dynamics and competition between tigers(Panthera tigris)and leopards(***)span decades,there is a lack of understanding regarding the factors that influence their coexistence mechanisms on a broad scale,as well as the drivers determining their exploitative and interference *** gathered a comprehensive list of research papers among which 36 papers explored the interspecific interactions between tigers and leopards and tested the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the coexistence mechanisms along three dimensions using multiple response variables regression models;we also tested the influence of ecological drivers determining the exploitative or interference competition between tigers and *** and ungulate density were the most important predictors in regulating the coexistence *** and leopards exhibited more positive relations/higher overlaps as elevation increased in the spatial *** addition,they showed a higher dietary overlap in the prey-rich *** determined that interference competition between tigers and leopards was less frequently observed in habitats with dense tree cover and homogeneous vegetation ***,studies with multiple metrics would promote the detection of interference *** study provides new insight into the competitive interactions and coexistence mechanisms of tigers and leopards on a broad ***-makers and managers should pay more attention to the factors of elevation,prey abundance,and habitat structures for the conservation of tigers and leopards.

关键词： carnivores coexistence mechanisms competitive interactions exploitative competition interference competition

Results of selective decontamination with oral neomycin and metronidazole for major colorectal surgery in Australia:A cohort study

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 72-78页

作者： james Wei Tatt Toh Devansh Shah Henry Wang Charlotte Kwik Joseph Do Woong Choi Chelsie Leonie Beinke paul Morris Eleni Baird-Gunning Geoffrey Peter Collins Fiona Gavegan Karen Shedden Toufic El-Khoury Nimalan Pathma-Nathan Kerry Hitos Department of Colorectal Surgery Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia The University of Sydney Westmead HospitalWestmeadNew South WalesAustralia Western Sydney University New South WalesAustralia University of Notre Dame New South WalesAustralia Westmead Research Centre for Evaluation of Surgical Outcomes Westmead HospitalSydneyAustralia

Objective The role of selective decontamination with oral antibiotics(OABs)and mechanical bowel preparation(MBP)prior to elective colorectal surgery is still widely *** objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of selective decontamination with neomycin,metronidazole and MBP compared to those of decontamination with MBP alone or with no *** Selective decontamination with neomycin and metronidazole combined with bowel preparation was introduced prior to elective colorectal surgery as part of an enhanced recovery after surgery program at Westmead Hospital,a major Australian tertiary referral hospital,between June 2017 and January *** between short-term outcomes of OAB+MBP and MBP/no preparation were made using prospectively collected data on length of stay(LOS),readmission,mortality within 30 days,anastomotic leakage(AL),surgical site infection(SSI),urinary tract infection,deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism,pneumonia,and ***-up was limited to hospital stays and subsequent presentations within the health district within thirty days of *** Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyse continuous data,and the chi-square test was used for categorical *** and multivariate regression modelling was performed to identify risk factors associated with an increased likelihood of SSI and *** Patients with oral neomycin and metronidazole combined with bowel preparation had reduced superficial SSI(2.7%vs.7.6%,p=0.043)and overall complications(32.7%vs.44.6%,p=0.020),particularly Clavien-Dindo 1 complications(7.3%vs.16.5%,p=0.009).However,the differences in AL(2.7%vs.4.5%,p=0.369)and organ/space SSI(1.3%vs.3.7%,p=0.327)were not statistically *** median LOS(6 d vs.6 d,p=0.370)was not different between the *** Selective decontamination with neomycin and metronidazole reduces the risk of SSIs and overall *** was a trend to toward a lower AL,but this differ

关键词： Neomycin Metronidazole Colorectal surgery Anastomotic leakage Surgical site infection

Variations in the X-ray eclipse transitions of Cen X-3

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2010年第11期10卷 1127-1136页

作者： Jincy Devasia Biswajit paul Marykutty james Kavila Indulekha School of Pure & Applied Physics Mahatma Gandhi University Raman Research Institute

We report here an investigation of the X-ray eclipse transitions of the high mass X-ray binary pulsar Cen X-3 in different intensity states. The long term light curve of Cen X-3 obtained with RXTE-ASM spanning more than 5000 d shows strong aperiodic flux variations with low and high states. We have investigated the eclipse transitions of Cen X-3 in different intensity states with data obtained from pointed observations with the more sensitive instruments onboard ASCA, BeppoSAX, XMM- Newton, Chandra and RXTE. We found a very clear trend of sharp eclipse transitions in the high state and longer transitions in the low state. This is a confirmation of this feature first observed with the RXTE-ASM but now observed with much better clarity. From the light curves obtained from several missions, it is seen that the eclipse egress in the low state starts earlier by an orbital phase of 0.02 compared to the eclipse egress in the high state indicating that the observed X-rays originate from a much larger region. We have also performed spectral analysis of the post-eclipse part of each observation. From BeppoSAX observations, the out-of-eclipse X-ray flux is found to differ by a factor of -26 during the high and low intensity states while the eclipse count rates differ by a factor of only ~ 4.7. This indicates that in the low state, there is an additional scattering medium which scatters some of the source photons towards the observer even when the neutron star is completely eclipsed. We could also resolve the three iron line components using XMM-Newton observation in the low state. By comparing the iron line equivalent width during the high and low states, it is seen that the width of the iron line is relatively large during the low state which supports the fact that significant reprocessing and scattering of X-rays takes place in the low state.

关键词： stars pulsars individual (Cen X-3) -- (stars:) binaries eclipsing -- X-rays binaries

Recent Advancements in Optical Harmonic Generation Microscopy: Applications and Perspectives

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2021年第1期2卷 65-88页

作者： Darian S.james paul J.Campagnola Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison1550 Engineering DrMadisonWI 53706USA

Second harmonic generation(SHG)and third harmonic generation(THG)microscopies have emerged as powerful imaging modalities to examine structural properties of a wide range of biological *** SHG and THG arise from very different contrast mechanisms,the two are complimentary and can often be collected simultaneously using a modified multiphoton *** this review,we discuss the needed instrumentation for these modalities as well as the underlying theoretical principles of SHG and THG in tissue and describe how these can be leveraged to extract unique structural *** provide an overview of recent advances showing how SHG microscopy has been used to evaluate collagen alterations in the extracellular matrix and how this has been used to advance our knowledge of cancers,fibroses,and the cornea,as well as in tissue engineering *** examples using polarization-resolved approaches and machine learning algorithms are ***,we review how THG has enabled developmental biology and skin cancer studies due to its sensitivity to changes in refractive index,which are ubiquitous in all cell and tissue ***,we offer perspectives and outlooks on future directions of SHG and THG microscopies and present unresolved questions,especially in terms of overall miniaturization and the development of microendoscopy instrumentation.

关键词： harmonic resolved directions

Combined and intraoperative risk modelling for oesophagectomy:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第7期15卷 1485-1500页

作者： james paul Grantham Amanda Hii Jonathan Shenfine Department of General Surgery Modbury HospitalModbury 5092South AustraliaAustralia Department of General Surgical Unit Jersey General HospitalSaint Helier JE13QSJerseyUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Oesophageal cancer is the eighth most common malignancy worldwide and is associated with a poor *** remains the best prospect for a cure if diagnosed in the early disease ***,the procedure is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and is undertaken only after careful *** patient selection,counselling and resource allocation is *** risk models have been devised to guide surgeons in making these *** To evaluate which multivariate risk models,using intraoperative information with or without preoperative information,best predict perioperative oesophagectomy *** A systematic review of the MEDLINE,EMBASE and Cochrane databases was undertaken from *** search terms used were[(Oesophagectomy)AND(Model OR Predict OR Risk OR score)AND(Mortality OR morbidity OR complications OR outcomes OR anastomotic leak OR length of stay)].Articles were included if they assessed multivariate based tools incorporating preoperative and intraoperative variables to forecast patient outcomes after *** were excluded if they only required preoperative or any post-operative *** appraising univariate risk predictors such as preoperative sarcopenia,cardiopulmonary fitness and American Society of Anesthesiologists score were also *** review was conducted following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses *** captured risk models were appraised for clinical credibility,methodological quality,performance,validation and clinical *** Twenty published studies were identified which examined eleven multivariate risk *** of these combined preoperative and intraoperative data and the remaining three used only intraoperative *** two risk models were identified as promising in predicting mortality,namely the Portsmouth physiological and operative severity score for the enumeration o

关键词： Oesophagectomy Risk model Oesophageal cancer Preoperative Intraoperative Morbidity Mortality

Preoperative risk modelling for oesophagectomy: A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第3期15卷 450-470页

作者： james paul Grantham Amanda Hii Jonathan Shenfine Department of General Surgery Modbury HospitalAdelaide 5092South AustraliaAustralia General Surgical Unit Jersey General HospitalSaint Helier JE13QSJerseyUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Oesophageal cancer is a frequently observed and lethal malignancy *** resection remains a realistic option for curative intent in the early stages of the ***,the decision to undertake oesophagectomy is significant as it exposes the patient to a substantial risk of morbidity and ***,appropriate patient selection,counselling and resource allocation is *** tools have been developed to aid surgeons in appropriate *** To examine all multivariate risk models that use preoperative and intraoperative information and establish which have the most clinical *** A systematic review of the MEDLINE,EMBASE and Cochrane databases was conducted from *** search terms applied were((Oesophagectomy)AND(Risk OR predict OR model OR score)AND(Outcomes OR complications OR morbidity OR mortality OR length of stay OR anastomotic leak)).The applied inclusion criteria were articles assessing multivariate based tools using exclusively preoperatively available data to predict perioperative patient outcomes following *** exclusion criteria were publications that described models requiring intra-operative or post-operative data and articles appraising only univariate predictors such as American Society of Anesthesiologists score,cardiopulmonary fitness or pre-operative *** that exclusively assessed distant outcomes such as long-term survival were excluded as were publications using cohorts mixed with other surgical *** articles generated from each search were collated,processed and then reported in accordance with PRISMA *** risk models were appraised for clinical credibility,methodological quality,performance,validation,and clinical *** The initial search of composite databases yielded 8715 articles which reduced to 5827 following the deduplication *** title and abstract screening,197 potentially relevant texts were

关键词： Oesophagectomy Risk model Oesophageal cancer Preoperative Morbidity Mortality