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Spatial Potential Distribution around Trench Target during Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2003年第Z1期19卷 94-96页

作者： Xiubo Tian Chunbei Wei Shiqin yang paul K. Chu Ricky K.Y. Fu State Key Lab. of Welding Production Technology School of Mater. Sci. & Eng. Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 15001 China Department of Physics & Materials Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong State Key Lab. of Welding Production Technology School of Mater. Sci. & Eng. Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 15001 China Department of Physics & Materials Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong State Key Lab. of Welding Production Technology School of Mater. Sci. & Eng. Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 15001 China Department of Physics & Materials Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong State Key Lab. of Welding Production Technology School of Mater. Sci. & Eng. Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 15001 China Department of Physics & Materials Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong State Key Lab. of Welding Production Technology School of Mater. Sci. & Eng. Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 15001 China Department of Physics & Materials Science City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong

Plasma ion implantation, an alternative to conventional beam-line ion implantation, is a sheath-acceleration ionbombardment technique and the initial sheath is crucial to the process efficacy and surface properties. The initialspatial potential distribution in the plasma sheath around a trench-shaped target is simulated using a two-dimensionalmodel in this work. The results demonstrate that the sheath structure depends very much on the trench width. Thepotential drop in the trench may be quite small and the sheath expands outward if the width is small. This leadsto a smaller incident ion dose into the sidewalls of the trench. In contrast, the initial potential distribution in thecentral region is quite similar to that without a trench if the trench width is larger than twice the ion-matrix sheaththickness for an infinite plane. Consequently, a higher ion dose into the sidewalls is possible.

关键词： Plasma ion implantation, Trench target, Potential distribution

Towards a new avenue for rapid synthesis of electrocatalytic electrodes via laser-induced hydrothermal reaction for water splitting

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 340-351页

作者： yang Sha Menghui Zhu Kun Huang yang Zhang Francis Moissinac Zhizhou Zhang Dongxu Cheng paul Mativenga Zhu Liu Department of Materials School of Natural SciencesThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Laser Processing Research Centre Department of MechanicalAerospace and Civil EngineeringSchool of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom National Graphene Institute The University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science School of EngineeringThe University of ManchesterOxford RoadManchester M139PLUnited Kingdom Research Centre for Laser Extreme Manufacturing Ningbo Institute of Materials Engineering and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesNingboPeople’s Republic of China

Electrochemical production of hydrogen from water requires the development ofelectrocatalysts that are active,stable,and low-cost for water *** address these challenges,researchers are increasingly exploring binder-free electrocatalytic integratedelectrodes (IEs) as an alternative to conventional powder-based electrode preparation methods,for the former is highly desirable to improve the catalytic activity and long-term stability for large-scale applications of ***,we demonstrate a laser-inducedhydrothermal reaction (LIHR) technique to grow NiMoO4nanosheets on nickel foam,which is then calcined under H2/Ar mixed gases to prepare the IE *** electrode exhibits superior hydrogen evolution reaction performance,requiring overpotentials of 59,116 and143 mV to achieve current densities of 100,500 and 1000 mA·*** the 350 h chronopotentiometry test at current densities of 100 and 500 m A·cm-2,the overpotentialremains essentially *** addition,NiFe-layered double hydroxide grown on Ni foam is also fabricated with the same LIHR method and coupled with IE-NiMo-IR to achieve water *** combination exhibits excellent durability under industrial current *** energy consumption and production efficiency of the LIHR method are systematicallycompared with the conventional hydrothermal *** LIHR method significantly improves the production rate by over 19 times,while consuming only 27.78%of the total energy required by conventional hydrothermal methods to achieve the same production.

关键词： electrocatalytic electrode laser-induced hydrothermal reaction NiFe layered double hydroxides hydrogen evolution reaction water splitting energy consumption production rate

液相/质谱(LC/MS)技术用于有机磷农药分析

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环境化学 2002年第1期21卷 92-95页

作者： paul Zavitsanos paul yang Lorna Grey Agilent Technologies Inc.2850 Centerville Road WilmingtonDE198081610 USAMOEO ntario CanadaMOEO ntario Canada

液质联用技术的飞速发展，业已成为在各种基质中微量极性农药的常规检测方法。与现有的分析方法相比，如气质联用技术和液相-紫外检测技术，液质联用技术简化了样品净化过程，最终缩短了样品分析和方法开发的时间周期（Elbert Hogendoor... 详细信息

液质联用技术的飞速发展，业已成为在各种基质中微量极性农药的常规检测方法。与现有的分析方法相比，如气质联用技术和液相-紫外检测技术，液质联用技术简化了样品净化过程，最终缩短了样品分析和方法开发的时间周期（Elbert Hogendoorn and Peit van Zoonen、Journal of Chromatograophy A, 200，892：35-453）。由于现有的气相分析方法需要泊化而使某些热不稳定性农药在进样过程中产生热分解，从而降低了分析结果的质量，然而带有电喷雾离子源的液质联用技术可以直接分析此类化合物，无需衍生化。此外，液质联用技术还具有极强的定性能力，即便农药化合物没有完全被分离，也可以通过分子量的不同而得到定性，而常规的紫外检测却无法对未分离的化合物进行定性。

关键词：液相/质谱 LC/MS 有机磷农药环境监测

Recent advances of metal fluoride compounds cathode materials for lithium ion batteries:a review

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Materials Futures 2024年第3期3卷 1-27页

作者： Yanshen Gao Jiaxin Li Yumeng Hua Qingshan yang Rudof Holze Ewa Mijowska paul K Chu Xuecheng Chen Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering West Pomeranian University of TechnologySzczecinPiastów Ave.42Szczecin 71-065Poland Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineeringand Department of Biomedical EngineeringCity University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong Special Administrative Region of ChinaPeople’s Republic of China Chemnitz University of Technology Institut für ChemieAG Elektrochemie09107 ChemnitzGermany

As the most successful new energy storage device developed in recent decades,lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are ubiquitous in the modern ***,current commercial LIBs comprising mainly intercalated cathode materials are limited by the theoretical energy density which cannot meet the high storing energy demanded by renewable *** to intercalation-type cathode materials,low-cost conversion-type cathode materials with a high theoretical specific capacity are expected to boost the overall energy of *** the different conversion cathode materials,metal fluorides have become a popular research subject for their environmental friendliness,low toxicity,wide voltage range,and high theoretical specific *** this review,we compare the energy storage performance of intercalation and conversion cathode materials based on thermodynamic calculation and summarize the main *** common conversion-type cathode materials are described and their respective reaction mechanisms are *** particular,the structural flaws and corresponding solutions and strategies are ***,we discussed the prospective of metal fluorides and other conversion cathode materials to guide further research in this important field.

关键词： lithium-ion batteries metal fluorides cathode materials conversion materials

Quantifying source-sink relationships in leaf-color modified rice genotypes during grain filling

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2923-2940页

作者： Zhenxiang Zhou paul CStruik Junfei Gu Peter E.L.van der Putten Zhiqin Wang Jianchang yang Xinyou Yin Centre for Crop Systems Analysis Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6700 AKThe Netherlands College of Agriculture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Leaf-color modification can affect canopy photosynthesis,with potential effects on rice yield and yield *** source-sink relationships through crop management is often used to improve crop *** study investigated whether and how modifying leaf color alters source-sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-color modified *** collected data of total biomass and nitrogen(N)accumulation in rice genotypes of four genetic backgrounds and their leaf-color modified variants(greener or yellower)were analyzed,using a recently established modelling method to quantify the source-sink(im)balance during grain *** all leaf-color variants,only one yellower-leaf variant showed a higher source capacity than its normal *** was associated with greater post-flowering N-uptake that prolonged the functional leaf-N duration,and this greater post-flowering N-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering N-uptake.A density experiment showed that current management practices(insufficient planting density accompanied by abundant N application)are unsuitable for the yellower-leaf genotype,ultimately limiting its yield ***-color modification affects source-sink relationships by regulating the N trade-off between pre-and post-flowering uptake,as well as N translocation between source and sink *** best exploit leaf-color modification for improving crop productivity,adjustments of crop management practices are required.

关键词： source-sink relationship biomass nitrogen Oryza sativa leaf-color modification

Towards a sustainable geoliner construction in landflls by potential blending of fly ash with kaolin clay alternative:a review with an insight to Indian scenario

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第2期6卷 243-258页

作者： Kshitij Kumar Biswajit paul Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad 826004JharkhandIndia

Electricity generated through coal-based Thermal Power Plants(TPPs)has played a pivotal role in shaping modern civiliza-tion,revolutionizing industries,and improving the quality of life for billions of people *** TPPs contribute to about 37%-40%of the global energy *** production,in turn,has a direct impact on the economy of any *** from this boon to humankind,these TPPs combusting coal as their primary fuel also have specific environmen-tal impacts,the major ones being water,air,and soil pollution due to unscientific disposal of high-quantity fly ash produced *** we can put this ash to good use,it may assist us in mitigating the pollution caused by *** there are many conventional uses of fly ash,such as a pozzolanic material in the cement industry,more pathways need to be discovered to balance the high generation quantities with ***,a detailed description of its use in potential geoliner applications is presented in this article.A geoliner or a landfill liner acts as a virtually impenetrable layer to mitigate the leachate penetration into the underneath subsoil and groundwater,thus preventing *** are presently some studies that support the use of only fly ash in such ***,the properties of the geoliners using it are not so good to significantly mitigate environmental degradation owing to its high permeability and low densification *** bentonite conventionally used has limited deposits and is mined intensively for its use as a natural *** depos-its must also be conserved,and an alternative material that may serve similar application benefits,like bentonite,must be *** desired aim can be fulfilled if we blend this combustion residue with other suitable materials(such as kaolinite clay)with low ***,the article focuses on the possibilities of blending fly ash with different clays for geoliner construction to improve the in

关键词： Fly ash-Geoliner Environmental management Composite liner systems Bentonite Kaolin clay

Strain-dependent alpha-synuclein spreading in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2581-2582页

作者： Shuyu Zhang paul Lingor Department of Neurology School of MedicineUniversity Hospital rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany Department of Neurology University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany

Parkinson's disease(PD) and atypical Parkinsonian syndromes,such as multiple system atrophy(MSA) and Dementia with Lewy bodies,are neurodegenerative movement disorders characterized by the accumulation of alphasynuclein(a-syn) *** a-syn aggregates propagate throughout the brain in a prion-like manner,where pathological a-syn recruits endogenous a-syn to form insoluble *** forms representing intermediates on the way to insoluble aggregates result in the most pronounced neurotoxic effects.

关键词： atrophy endogenous atypical

Tensor perturbations from bounce inflation scenario in f(Q)gravity

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 78-92页

作者： Kun Hu Tanmoy paul Taotao Qiu Institute of Astrophysics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur Department of PhysicsJamshedpur 831014India

In this paper,we construct a bounce inflation cosmological scenario in the framework of the modified symmetric teleparallel gravity,namely f(Q)theory,and investigate the tensor perturbations *** is well-known,the tensor perturbations generated in the very early Universe(inflation and pre-inflation regions)can account for the primordial gravitational waves(PGWs)that are to be detected by the next generation of GW *** discuss the stability condition of the tensor perturbations in the bounce inflation process and investigate in detail the evolution of the perturbation *** general form of the tensor power spectrum is obtained both for large as well as small scale *** a result,we show both kinds of modes(short or long wavelength modes),and the tensor spectrum may get a positive tilt in the parametric range where the tensor perturbation proves to be stable—this interestingly hints an enhancement of gravitational waves’amplitude in the background of the f(Q)bounce-inflation ***,we study the LQC-like scenario as a specific case of our model,in which,the primordial tensor power spectrum turns out to be nearly scale-invariant on both small and large scales.

关键词： bounce cosmology modified gravity cosmological perturbations

A simple and efficient CRISPR/Cas9 system permits ultra-multiplex genome editing in plants

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 569-582页

作者： Suting Wu Htin Kyaw Zhijun Tong Yirong yang Zhiwei Wang Liying Zhang Lihua Deng Zhiguo Zhang Bingguang Xiao William paul Quick Tiegang Lu Guoying Xiao Guannan Qin Xue'an Cui Biotechnology Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsMinistry of EducationCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Fujian and Taiwan Crops Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of AgricultureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125HunanChina School of Biosciences The University of SheffieldFirth CourtWestern BankSheffield S102TNUK Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biotechnological Breeding National Tobacco Genetic Engineering Research CenterYunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural SciencesKunming 650021YunnanChina

The development and maturation of the CRISPR/Cas genome editing system provides a valuable tool for plant functional genomics and genetic *** available genome-editing tools have a limited number of targets,restricting their application in genetic *** this study,we developed a novel CRISPR/Cas9 plant ultra-multiplex genome editing system consisting of two template vectors,eight donor vectors,four destination vectors,and one primer-design software *** combining the advantages of Golden Gate cloning to assemble multiple repetitive fragments and Gateway recombination to assemble large fragments and by changing the structure of the amplicons used to assemble sg RNA expression cassettes,the plant ultra-multiplex genome editing system can assemble a single binary vector targeting more than 40 genomic loci.A rice knockout vector containing 49 sg RNA expression cassettes was assembled and a high co-editing efficiency was *** plant ultra-multiplex genome editing system advances synthetic biology and plant genetic engineering.

关键词： CRISPR/Cas9 Multiplex genome editing Assembly system Plant