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Hepatocellular carcinoma with child Pugh-A Cirrhosis treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2017年第12期9卷 256-263页

作者： Shaakir Hasan Ngoc Thai Tadahiro Uemura vijay Kudithipudi paul Renz Stephen Abel Alexander v Kirichenko Division of Radiation Oncology Allegheny General Hospital Cancer Institute Division of Transplant Surgery Allegheny General Hospital Cancer Institute

AIM To evaluate the control, survival, and hepatic function for Child Pugh(CP)-A patients after Stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT) in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS From 2009 to 2016, 40 patients with Barcelona Liver Clinic(BCLC) stages 0-B HCC and CP-A cirrhosis completed liver SBRT. The mean prescription dose was 45 Gy(40 to 50 Gy in 4-5 fractions). Local relapse, defined as recurrence within the planning target volume was assessed with intravenous multiphase contrast computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging every 4-6 mo after completion of SBRT. Progression of cirrhosis was evaluated by CP and Model for End Stage Liver Disease scores every 3-4 mo. Toxicities were graded per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(v4.03). Median follow-up was 24 *** Forty-nine HCC lesions among 40 patients were analyzed in this IRB approved retrospective study. Median tumor diameter was 3.5 cm(1.5-8.9 cm). Six patients with tumors ≥ 5 cm completed planned selected transarterial chemoembolization(TACE) in combination with SBRT. Eight patients underwent orthotropic live transplant(OLT) with SBRT as a bridging treatment(median time to transplant was 12 mo, range 5 to 23 mo). The Pathologic complete response(PCR) rate in this group was 62.5%. The 2-year in-field local control was 98%(1 failure). Intrahepatic control was 82% and 62% at 1 and 2 years, respectively. Overall survival(OS) was 92% and 60% at 1 and 2 years, with a median survival of 41 mo per Kaplan Meier analysis. At 1 and 2 years, 71% and 61% of patients retained CPA status. Of the patients with intrahepatic failures, 58% developed progressive cirrhosis, compared to 27% with controlled disease(P = 0.06). Survival specific to hepatic failure was 92%, 81%, and 69% at 12, 18, and 24 mo. There was no grade 3 or higher toxicity. On univariate analysis, gross tumor volume(GTv) vival(P = 0.02), and tr

关键词： Stereotactic body radiotherapy Hepatocellular carcinoma Child-Pugh A Cirrhosis Hepatoma Local control Radiotherapy Radiation

Long‑term outcomes of two first‑generation trabecular micro‑bypass stents(iStent)with phacoemulsification in primary open‑angle glaucoma:eight‑year results

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Eye and vision 2021年第4期8卷 431-442页

作者： Ali Salimi Harrison Watt paul Harasymowycz Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Montreal Glaucoma Institute MontrealQCCanada Faculty of Medicine McGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Ophthalmology University of Montreal4135 de RouenMontrealQC H1V1G5Canada

Background:The short-and medium-term outcomes of iStent have been extensively studied;however,only few studies have investigated its long-term ***,we assessed the long-term efficacy and safety of two iStents with concomitant cataract surgery in glaucomatous eyes while also evaluating measures of disease stability using visual field and optical coherence tomography(OCT)of the optic nerve and the macula throughout 8 years of ***:This longitudinal,single-center consecutive case series included glaucomatous eyes that underwent implantation of two first-generation trabecular micro-bypass stents(iStent)with concomitant cataract ***-year efficacy outcomes included mean intraocular pressure(IOP)and medications,as well as surgical ***-year safety outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity(BCvA),visual field mean deviation(vF-MD),cup-todisc ratio(CDR),retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness,ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GC-IPL)thickness,and adverse ***:A total of 62 eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma(POAG)were *** 8 years postoperative,IOP reduced by 26%from 19.2±3.9 mmHg preoperatively to 14.2±2.4 mmHg(Pved IOP≤18 mmHg(vs.51.6%preoperatively),69.6%of eyes achieved IOP≤15 mmHg(vs.14.5%preoperatively),and 25%of eyes achieved IOP≤12 mmHg(vs.1.6%preoperatively).Medication use decreased by 17.9%from 2.8±1.1 preoperatively to 2.3±1.2(P=0.018).Surgical success was 90%,as six eyes underwent subsequent glaucoma *** measures of BCvA,CDR,RNFL thickness and GC-IPL thickness remained stable through 8 years ***-MD remained stable until postoperative year 5 and subsequently progressed according to the natural history of glaucomatous ***:Implantation of two iStents with concomitant cataract surgery is an effective and safe treatment option for surgery-naïve POAG eyes,evidenced by significant IOP and medication reductions,reasonable surgical success

关键词： Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery MIGS Trabecular micro-bypass stent iStent Glaucoma Cataract surgery Long-term outcomes

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Pulse profile stability of the Crab pulsar

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第10期11卷 1134-1142页

作者： Chetana Jain Biswajit paul Hans Raj College University of Delhi Raman Research Institute Sadashivnagar C. V. Raman Avenue

We present an X-ray timing analysis of the Crab pulsar, PSR B0531＋21, using archival RXTE data. We have investigated the stability of the Crab pulse profile, in soft （2-20kev） and hard （30-100 kev） X-ray energies, over the last decade of RXTE operation. The analysis includes measurement of the separation between the two pulse peaks and the intensity and widths of the two peaks. We did not find any significant time dependency in the pulse shape. The two peaks have been stable in phase, intensity and width for the last ten years. The first pulse is relatively stronger at soft X-rays. The first pulse peak is narrower than the second peak in both soft and hard X-ray energies. Both the peaks show a slow rise and a steeper fall. The ratio of the pulsed photons in the two peaks is also constant in time.

关键词： pulsars individual: Crab (PSR B0531+21) -- stars neutron -- X-rays

Search for pulsations in the LMXB EXO 0748-676

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第5期11卷 577-582页

作者： Chetana Jain Biswajit paul Raman Research Institute SadashivnagarC.V.Raman AvenueBangalore 560080India

We present here results from our search for X-ray pulsations of the neu- tron star in the low mass X-ray binary EXO 0748-676 at a frequency near the burst- oscillation frequency of 44.7 Hz. Using the observations made with the Proportional Counter Array onboard the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer, we did not find any pulsations in the frequency band of 44.4Hz to 45.0Hz and obtained a 3σ upper limit of 0.47% on the pulsed fraction for any possible underlying pulsation in this frequency band. We also discuss the importance of EXO 0748-676 as a promising source for the detection of Gravitational Waves.

关键词： X-ray: neutron stars - X-ray binaries: individual (EXO 0748-676)

Cirrhotic patients and older people

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World Journal of Hepatology 2019年第9期11卷 663-677页

作者： paul Carrier Marilyne Debette-Gratien Jérémie Jacques véronique Loustaud-Ratti Fédération d’Hépatologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren de LimogesLimoges 87042France Facultéde Médecine et de Pharmacie de Limoges Rue Docteur MarclandLimoges 87042France Service de Gastroentérologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren de LimogesLimoges 87042France

The global population is aging,and so the number of older cirrhotic patients is *** patients are characterised by a risk of frailty and comorbidities,and age is a risk factor for mortality in cirrhotic *** incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as an aetiology of cirrhosis is increasing,while that of chronic viral hepatitis is ***,cirrhosis is frequently *** management of portal hypertension in older cirrhotic patients is similar to that in younger patients,despite the greater risk of treatment-related adverse events of the *** prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma increases with age,but its treatment is *** transplantation is generally recommended for patientsvalence of cirrhosis in older people,little data are available and few recommendations have been *** review suggests that comorbidities have a considerable impact on older cirrhotic patients.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Portal hypertension Liver cancer Liver transplantation Old age Older Elderly

An Updated Review on Low-Temperature Nanocomposites with a Special Focus on Thermal Management in Buildings

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Energy Engineering 2022年第4期119卷 1299-1325页

作者： John paul K.Kadirgama M.Samykano R.Saidur A.K.Pandey R.v.Mohan Faculty of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia PahangPekan26600Malaysia College of Engineering Universiti Malaysia PahangPekan26600Malaysia Research Centre for Nanomaterials and Energy Technology School of Engineering and TechnologySunway UniversityPetaling Jaya47500Malaysia Joint School of Nanoscience&Nanoengineering North Carolina A&T State UniversityNorth CarolinaGreensboro27401USA

Buildings contribute to 33%of total global energy consumption,which corresponds to 38%of greenhouse gas *** building’s energy efficiency remains predominant in mitigating global ***-ments in thermal energy storage(TES)techniques using phase change material(PCM)have gained much attention among researchers,primarily to minimize energy consumption and to promote the use of renewable energy *** technology stays as the most promising technology for developing high-performance and energy-efficient *** major drawback of PCM is its poor thermal conductivity which limits its potential use which could be resolved by dispersing conductive *** acquired database on synthesis routes,properties,and performance of nano-dispersed phase change materials(NDPCMs)with various techniques presented in the paper should deliver useful information in the production of NDPCMs with desirable characteristics mainly for building construction *** outline of contemporary developments and use of NDPCMs as TES medium is ***,a brief discussion on challenges and the outlook was also ***-depth research is needed to explore the fundamental mechanisms behind the enhanced thermal conductivity of NDPCM with nanofillers dispersion and also a thorough investigation on how these mechanisms drive improvement in building performance.

关键词： Thermal conductivity latent heat building applications energy savings

Update on the prevention of local recurrence and peritoneal metastases in patients with colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9286-9291页

作者： paul H Sugarbaker Center for Gastrointestinal Malignancies Program in Peritoneal Surface OncologyMedStar Washington Hospital Center

The prevention of a disease process has always been superior to the treatment of the same disease throughout the history of medicine and surgery. Local recurrence and peritoneal metastases occur in approximately 8% of colon cancer patients and 25% of rectal cancer patients and should be prevented. Strategies to prevent colon or rectal cancer local recurrence and peritoneal metastases include cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic perioperative chemotherapy (HIPEC). These strategies can be used at the time of primary colon or rectal cancer resection if the HIPEC is available. At institutions where HIPEC is not available with the treatment of primary malignancy, a proactive second-look surgery is recommended. Several phase II studies strongly support the proactive approach. If peritoneal metastases were treated along with the primary colon resection, 5-year survival was seen and these results were superior to the results of treatment after peritoneal metastases had developed as recurrence. Also, prophylactic HIPEC improved survival with T3/T4 mucinous or signet ring colon cancers. A second-look has been shown to be effective in two published manuscripts. Unpublished data from MedStar Washington Cancer Institute also produced favorable date. Rectal cancer with peritoneal metastases may not be so effectively treated. There are both credits and debits of this proactive approach. Selection factors should be reviewed by the multidisciplinary team for individualized management of patients with or at high risk for peritoneal metastases.

关键词： Peritoneal metastases Carcinomatosis Local recurrence Hyperthermic perioperative chemotherapy Secondary prevention Proactive treatment Mucinous colon cancer Signet ring colon cancer

Pathobiology of the neutrophil-intestinal epithelial cell interaction:Role in carcinogenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第46期16卷 5790-5800页

作者： paul M Hofman Laboratory of Clinical Experimental PathologyHuman BiobankUniversity of Nice Sophia Antipolis

The role of chronic inflammation,acting as an independent factor,on the onset of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis is now well ***,even if there is an increase in the number of elements directly involving polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL),as a major actor in digestive carcinogenesis,the different cellular and molecular events occurring in this process are still not completely *** transepithelial migration of PMNL,which is the ultimate step of the afflux of PMNL into the digestive mucosa,is a complex phenomenon involving sequential interaction of molecules expressed both on PMNL and on digestive epithelial *** inflammatory areas rich in PMNL [so-called (chronic active inflammation)] and iterative transepithelial migration of PMNL certainly evoke intracellular signals,which lead toward progressive transformation of *** these different signals,the mutagenic effect of reactive oxygen species and nitrates,the activation of the nuclear factor-κB pathway,and the modulation of expression of certain microRNA are key *** the initiation of carcinogenesis,PMNL are involved in the progression and invasion of digestive carcinomas,with which they *** is noteworthy that different subpopulations of PMNL,which can have some opposite effects on tumor growth,in association with different levels of transforming growth factor-β and with the number of CD8 positive T lymphocytes,could be present during the development of digestive *** factors that involve PMNL,such as massive elastase release,and the production of angiogenic factors,can participate in the progression of neoplastic cells through *** may play a major role in the onset of metastases,since they allow the tumor cells to cross the endothelial barrier and to migrate into the blood ***,PMNL play a role,alone or in association with other cell parameters,in the initiation,promotion,progression and dissemination of digestive carcinomas.

关键词： Neutrophils Intestinal epithelial cells Carcinogenesis Cytokines Nuclear factor-κB pathway MicroRNA Reactive oxygen species

Organic-inorganic bismuth （lll）-based material： A lead- free, air-stable and solution-processable light-absorber beyond organolead perovskites

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Nano Research 2016年第3期9卷 692-702页

作者： Miaoqiang Lyu Jung-Ho Yun Molang Cai Yalong Jiao paul v. Bernhardt Meng Zhang Qiong Wang Aijun Du Hongxia Wang Gang Liu Lianzhou Wang Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and AIBN The University of Queensland St Lucia Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia School of Chemistry Physics and Mechanical Engineering Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology Brisbane QLD 4001 Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4072 Australia Advanced Carbon Division Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences (IMR CAS) 72 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110016 China

Methylammonium bismuth （III） iodide single crystals and films have been developed and investigated. We have further presented the first demonstration of using this organic-inorganic bismuth-based material to replace lead/tin-based perovskite materials in solution-processable solar cells. The organic-inorganic bismuth-based material has advantages of non-toxicity, ambient stability, and low-temperature solution-processability, which provides a promising solution to address the toxicity and stability challenges in organolead- and organotin-based perovskite solar cells. We also demonstrated that trivalent metal cation-based organic-inorganic hybrid materials can exhibit photovoltaic effect, which may inspire more research work on developing and applying organic-inorganic hybrid materials beyond divalent metal cations （Pb （II） and Sn （II）） for solar energy applications.

关键词： methylammoniumbismuth (III) iodide single crystal perovskite solar cells organic-inorganic hybridmaterial lead-free