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Inpatient management of iron deficiency anemia in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A single center experience

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 107-117页

作者： Krishanth Manokaran Jonathan Spaan Giulio Cataldo Christopher Lyons paul D Mitchell Tatyana Sare LoriA Zimmerman paul A Rufo Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Boston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Institutional Centers for Clinical and Translational Research Boston Children's HospitalBostonMA 02115United States

BACKGROUND Screening for iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is important in managing pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Concerns related to adverse reactions may contribute to a reluctance to prescribe intravenous(Iv)iron to treat IDA in this *** To track the efficacy and safety of Iv iron therapy in treating IDA in pediatric IBD patients admitted to our *** A longitudinal observational cohort study was performed on 236 consecutive pediatric patients admitted to our tertiary IBD care center between September 2017 and December 2019.92 patients met study criteria for IDA,of which 57 received Iv iron,17 received oral iron,and 18 were discharged prior to receiving iron *** Patients treated with Iv iron during their hospitalization experienced a significant increase of 1.9(±0.2)g/dL in mean(±SE)hemoglobin(Hb)concentration by the first ambulatory follow-up,compared to patients who received oral iron 0.8(±0.3)g/dL or no iron 0.8(±0.3)g/dL(P=0.03).One out of 57(1.8%)patients that received Iv iron therapy experienced an adverse *** Our findings demonstrate that treatment with Iv iron therapy is safe and efficacious in improving Hb and iron levels in pediatric patients with IDA and active IBD.

关键词： Iron deficiency anemia Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease Intravenous iron therapy Inflammatory bowel disease

Geographic-Scale Coffee Cherry Counting with Smartphones and Deep Learning

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Plant Phenomics 2024年第2期6卷 390-400页

作者： Juan Camilo Rivera-Palacio Christian Bunn Eric Rahn Daisy Little-Savage paul Günter Schmidt Masahiro Ryo Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research(ZALF) Müncheberg15374Germany Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT Rome00153Italy Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg Cottbus03046Germany Producers Direct LondonE28EXUK

Deep learning and computer vision,using remote sensing and drones,are 2 promising nondestructive methods for plant monitoring and ***,their applications are infeasible for many crop systems under tree canopies,such as coffee crops,making it challenging to perform plant monitoring and phenotyping at a large spatial scale at a low *** study aims to develop a geographic-scale monitoring method for coffee cherry counting,supported by an artificial intelligence(AI)-powered citizen science *** approach uses basic smartphones to take a few pictures of coffee trees;2,968 trees were investigated with 8,904 pictures in Junin and Piura(Peru),Cauca,and Quindio(Colombia)in 2022,with the help of nearly 1,000 smallholder coffee ***,we trained and validated YOLO(You Only Look Once)v8 for detecting cherries in the dataset in *** average number of cherries per picture was multiplied by the number of branches to estimate the total number of cherries per *** model's performance in Peru showed an R^(2)of *** the model was tested in Colombia,where different varieties are grown in different biogeoclimatic conditions,the model showed an R^(2)of *** overall performance in both countries reached an R^(2)of *** results suggest that the method can be applied to much broader scales and is transferable to other varieties,countries,and *** our knowledge,this is the first AI-powered method for counting coffee cherries and has the potential for a geographic-scale,multiyear,photo-based phenotypic monitoring for coffee crops in low-income countries worldwide.

关键词： geographic learning scale coffee deep with cherry counting smartphones

Day to Day Consistency and Inter-subject variability of Neuromuscular Responses and Performance Fatigability as the Result of Maximal,Bilateral,Dynamic Leg Extensions

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第2期3卷 195-204页

作者： Joshua L.Keller Terry J.Housh John paul v.Anders Cory M.Smith Ethan C.Hill Richard J.Schmidt Glen O.Johnson Exercise Physiology Laboratory University of Nebraska-Lincoln1740 Vine StreetLincolnNE 68508USA Department of Kinesiology Human and Environmental Physiology LaboratoryUniversity of Texas At El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy Division of KinesiologyUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFL 32816USA

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to examine the day-to-day consistency and inter-subject variability of com-posite and individual,neuromuscular and torque patterns of responses as a result of a fatiguing bout of maximal,bilateral,isokinetic leg extension muscle *** Ten men (Mean ± SD =21.6 ± 2.5 years) completed two testing visits consisting of pretest and posttest maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MvIC) as well as 25 maximal,bilateral,isokinetic (180°/s),leg extension muscle *** (EMG) and mechanomyographic (MMG) signals were collected from the vastus lateralis and normalized to the *** fatigability was defined as the percent decline in torque between the average of repetitions 1,2,and 3 and repetitions 23,24,and *** regression was used to examine the individual and composite relation-ships between EMG amplitude (AMP),EMG mean power frequency (MPF),MMG AMP,MMG MPF,and torque versus *** There was no significant difference (d =0.80;P =0.17) in the performance fatigability between Day 1 (19.3% ± 7.1%)and Day 2 (26.9% ± 11.3%).Polynomial regression indicated substantial inter-subject variability,but high day-to-day *** The composite EMG AMP,MMG AMP,and MMG MPF patterns of responses demonstrated consistency across *** composite EMG MPF patterns of responses,however,were not consistent between Day 1 and Day *** addition,based on the high inter-subject variability,future studies should present both composite patterns of neuromuscular responses and the patterns of responses on a subject-by-subject basis to make inferences regarding fatigue-induced changes in motor unit activation strategies.

关键词： Performance fatigability Electromyography Mechanomyography Bilateral Dynamic

Diet and monensin influence the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in stocker and finishing cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 733-748页

作者： Jianmin Chai Caleb P.Weiss paul A.Beck Wei Zhao Ying Li Jiangchao Zhao Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding College of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanChina Division of Agriculture Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China

Background Stocker cattle diet and management influence beef cattle performance during the finishing stage,but knowledge of the dynamics of the rumen microbiome associated with the host are lacking.A longitudinal study was conducted to determine how the feeding strategy from the stocker to the finishing stages of production affects the temporal dynamics of rumen *** the stocker phase,either dry hay or wheat pasture were provided,and three levels of monensin were *** calves were then transported to a feedlot and received similar finishing diets with or without *** microbial samples were collected on d 0,28,85 during the stocker stage(S0,S28 and S85)and d 0,14,28,56,30 d before slaughter and the end of the trial during the finishing stage(F0,F14,F28,F56,Pre-Ba,and Final).The v4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene of 263 rumen samples was *** Higher alpha diversity,including the number of observed bacterial features and the Shannon index,was observed in the stocker phase compared to the finishing *** bacterial amplicon sequence variants(ASvs)differentiating different sampling time points were *** treatments during the stocker stage temporally impact the dynamics of rumen *** example,shared bacteria,including Bacteroidales(ASv19)and Streptococcus infantarius(ASv94),were significantly higher in hay rumen on S28,S85,and F0,while Bacteroidaceae(ASv11)and Limivicinus(ASv15)were more abundant in *** affected rumen microbial composition at a specific *** to feedlot significantly influenced microbiome structure and diversity in hay-fed *** taxa associated with body weight were classified,and core microbiotas interacted with each other during the *** In summary,the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in cattle at the stocker and finishing stage are influenced by multiple factors of the feeding *** at the stocker phase may t

关键词： Beef cattle Diet Feedlot phase Monensin Next-generation sequencing Rumen microbiota Stocker

Genetic algorithms for computational materials discovery accelerated by machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 746-751页

作者： paul C.Jennings Steen Lysgaard Jens Strabo Hummelshøj Tejs vegge Thomas Bligaard SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis Department of Chemical EngineeringStanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCA 94025USA Department of Energy Conversion and Storage Technical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark Toyota Research Institute Los AltosCA 94022USA

Materials discovery is increasingly being impelled by machine learning methods that rely on pre-existing *** datasets are lacking,unbiased data generation can be achieved with genetic *** a machine learning model is trained on-the-fly as a computationally inexpensive energy predictor before analyzing how to augment convergence in genetic algorithm-based approaches by using the model as a *** leads to a machine learning accelerated genetic algorithm combining robust qualities of the genetic algorithm with rapid machine *** approach is used to search for stable,compositionally variant,geometrically similar nanoparticle alloys to illustrate its capability for accelerated materials discovery,e.g.,nanoalloy *** machine learning accelerated approach,in this case,yields a 50-fold reduction in the number of required energy calculations compared to a traditional“brute force”genetic *** makes searching through the space of all homotops and compositions of a binary alloy particle in a given structure feasible,using density functional theory calculations.

关键词： alloy alloys searching

Letter to the editor: Diagnosis of erythropoietic protoporphyria with severe liver injury-a case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第30期25卷 4292-4293页

作者： Debby Wensink Margreet AEM Wagenmakers JH paul Wilson Janneke G Langendonk Porphyria Center Rotterdam Center for lysosomal and metabolic disease Department of Internal Medicine Erasmus University Medical Center

Erythropoietic protoporphyria(EPP)is an extremely rare disease which is often unrecognized as *** the recent article Lui et al describe a patient with a new diagnosis of EPP with severe liver *** 5%-20%of patients with EPP develop liver *** most severe complication of EPP is an hepatic crisis,which is a medical emergency requiring urgent *** treatment should consist of(exchange)transfusions and preferably in a center that performs liver transplantations.

关键词： Erythropoietic protoporphyria Liver disease Blood transfusion Protoporphyrin IX Treatment

COvID-19 and gut immunomodulation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第46期27卷 7925-7942页

作者： Koushik Roy Sidra Agarwal Rajib Banerjee Manash K paul Prabhat K Purbey Microbiology and Immunology Department of PathologySchool of MedicineUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112United States Department of Gastroenterology Shadan Institute of Medical SciencesPeeramcheru 500086TelanganaIndia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dr.B.C.Roy Engineering CollegeDurgapur 713206West BengalIndia Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States

The disease coronavirus disease 2019(COvID-19)is a severe respiratory illness that has emerged as a devastating health problem *** disease outcome is heterogeneous,and severity is likely dependent on the immunity of infected individuals and *** symptoms of the disease are primarily associated with respiratory problems,additional infection or failure of other vital organs are being *** reports suggest a quite common co-existence of gastrointestinal(GI)tract symptoms in addition to respiratory symptoms in many COvID-19 patients,and some patients show just the GI *** possible cause of the GI symptoms could be due to direct infection of the epithelial cells of the gut,which is supported by the fact that(1)The intestinal epithelium expresses a high level of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 protein that are required for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Cov-2)entry into the cells;(2)About half of the severe COvID-19 patients show viral RNA in their feces and various parts of the GI tract;and(3)SARS-Cov-2 can directly infect gut epithelial cells in vitro(gut epithelial cells and organoids)and in vivo(rhesus monkey).The GI tract seems to be a site of active innate and adaptive immune responses to SARS-Cov-2 as clinically,stool samples of COvID-19 patients possess proinflammatory cytokines(interleukin 8),calprotectin(neutrophils activity),and immunoglobulin A *** addition to direct immune activation by the virus,impairment of GI epithelium integrity can evoke immune response under the influence of systemic cytokines,hypoxia,and changes in gut microbiota(dysbiosis)due to infection of the respiratory system,which is confirmed by the observation that not all of the GI symptomatic patients are viral RNA *** review comprehensively summarizes the possible GI immunomodulation by SARS-Cov-2 that could lead to GI symptoms,their association with disease sev

关键词： COvID-19 Gastrointestinal symptoms Pathogenesis Innate immune response Adaptive immune response Gut microbiota Dysbiosis Therapeutics Probiotic Pre-existing diseases

Neuroanatomy of lower gastrointestinal pain disorders

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第4期20卷 1005-1020页

作者： Wim vermeulen Joris G De Man paul A Pelckmans Benedicte Y De Winter Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Antwerp University Hospital

Chronic abdominal pain accompanying intestinal inflammation emerges from the hyperresponsiveness of neuronal,immune and endocrine signaling pathways within the intestines,the peripheral and the central nervous *** this article we review how the sensory nerve information from the healthy and the hypersensitive bowel is encoded and conveyed to the *** gut milieu is continuously monitored by intrinsic enteric afferents,and an extrinsic nervous network comprising vagal,pelvic and splanchnic *** extrinsic afferents convey gut stimuli to second order neurons within the superficial spinal cord *** neurons cross the white commissure and ascend in the anterolateral quadrant and in the ipsilateral dorsal column of the dorsal horn to higher brain centers,mostly subserving regulatory *** the supraspinal regions and the brainstem,pathways descend to modulate the sensory *** of this multiple level control,only a small proportion of gut signals actually reaches the level of consciousness to induce sensation or *** inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)patients,however,long-term neuroplastic changes have occurred in the brain-gut axis which results in chronic abdominal *** sensitization may be driven on the one hand by peripheral mechanisms within the intestinal wall which encompasses an interplay between immunocytes,enterochromaffin cells,resident macrophages,neurons and smooth *** the other hand,neuronal synaptic changes along with increased neurotransmitter release in the spinal cord and brain leads to a state of central *** life factors such as but not limited to inflammation and stress contribute to *** together,the degree to which each of these mechanisms contribute to hypersensitivity in IBD and IBS might be diseaseand even *** of sensitization throughout animal and human studies may significantly improve our understanding of sensit

关键词： Afferent nerves Chronic pain Inflammatory bowel disease Irritable bowel syndrome Sensitisation Sensory nerves visceral hypersensitivity

P-Loop-Dependent NLR SNC1 Can Oligomerize and Activate Immunity in the Nucleus

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Molecular Plant 2014年第12期7卷 1801-1804页

作者： Fang Xu Yu Ti Cheng paul Kapos Yan Huang Xin Li Michael Smith Laboratories University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Department of Botany University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada

Dear Editor, Upon recognition of pathogen effectors, plant resist- ance （R） proteins trigger strong defense responses that restrict the growth and spread of pathogens. Most R pro- teins are nucleotide-binding （NB） and leucine-rich repeat （LRR） domain-containing proteins （NLRs） sharing struc- tural similarity with animal NOD-like receptors （Dodds and Rathjen, 2010）. SNC1 （Suppressor of nprl, constitutive 1） is an Arabidopsis Toll/interleukin-1 Receptor （TIR）-type NLR that was originally identified through a gain-of-function autoimmune mutant, sncl, from a forward genetic screen.

关键词： PLANTS -- virus resistance PLANT proteins OLIGOMERS