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Evaluation of the new OxyPlate^(TM) Anaerobic System for the isolation of ocular anaerobic bacteria

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第5期5卷 582-585页

作者： Emily K. Deschler paul P. Thompson Regis paul Kowalski Department of Ophthalmology University of Pittsburgh 203 Lothrop Street Ophthalmic Microbiology The Eye & Ear InstitutePittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 United States

AIM: Anaerobic bacteria can cause ocular infections. We tested the OxyPlateTM Anaerobic System (OXY) to isolate pertinent anaerobic bacteria that can cause ocular ***: OXY, which does not require direct anaerobic conditions (i.e. bags, jars), was compared to conventional isolation of incubating culture media in anaerobic bags. Standard colonies counts were performed on anaerobic ocular bacterial isolates under aerobic and anaerobic conditions (anaerobic bags) using agar media: 1) OXY (aerobic only), 2) 5% sheep blood (SB), 3) Chocolate, and 4) Schaedler. The bacteria tested were de-identified ocular isolates cultured from endophthalmitis and dacryocystitis that include 10 Propionibacterium acnes and 3 Actinomyces species. The colony counts for each bacteria isolate, on each culturing condition, were ranked from largest to smallest, and non-parametrically compared to determine the best culturing ***: All anaerobic conditions were positive for all of the anaerobic isolates. SB and Schaedler’s agar under aerobic conditions did not support the growth of anaerobic bacteria. Sparse growth was noted on chocolate agar with Propionibacterium acnes . As an anaerobic system, SB in an anaerobic bag isolated higher colony counts than OXY (P=0.0028) and chocolate agar (P=0.0028).CONCLUSION: Although OXY did not test to be more efficient than other anaerobic systems, it appears to be a reasonable alternative for isolating anaerobic bacteria from ocular sites. The use of an agar medium in a specially designed plate, without the requirement of an anaerobic bag, rendered OXY as an advantage over other anaerobic systems.

关键词： anaerobic bacteria bacterial isolation endophthalmitis dacryocystitis

Mind, Consciousness, and Free Will

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2018年第3期13卷 377-393页

作者： paul Thagard Department of Philosophy University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G 1 Canada

This commentary discusses how philosophy and science can collaborate to understand the human mind, considering dialogues involving three philosophers and three cognitive scientists. Their topics include the relation of philosophy and science, the nature of mind, the problem of consciousness, and the existence of free will. I argue that philosophy is more general and normative than science, but they are interdependent. Philosophy can build on the cognitive sciences to develop a theory of mind I call ＂multilevel materialism,＂ which integrates molecular, neural, mental, and social mechanisms. Consciousness is increasingly being understood as resulting from neural mechanisms. Scientific advances make the traditional concept of free will implausible, but ＂freeish＂ will is consistent with new theories of decision making and action resulting from brain processes. Philosophers should work closely with scientists to address profound problems about knowledge, reality, and values.

关键词： cognitive science consciousness free will intuition materialism mind philosophy science

Tp53 gene mediates distinct dopaminergic neuronal damage in different dopaminergic neurotoxicant models

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第9期12卷 1413-1417页

作者： Tao Lu paul Kim Yu Luo Department of Neurological Surgery Case Western Reserve University Medical Faculty Kunming University of Science and Technology

Tp53, a stress response gene, is involved in diverse cell death pathways and its activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson＇s disease. However, whether the neuronal Tp53 protein plays a direct role in regulating dopaminergic （DA） neuronal cell death or neuronal terminal damage in different neurotoxicant models is unknown. In our recent studies, in contrast to the global inhibition of Tp53 function by phar- macological inhibitors and in traditional Tp53 knock-out mice, we examined the effects of DA-specific Tp53 gene deletion after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and methamphetamine exposure. Our data suggests that the Tp53 gene might be involved in both neuronal apoptosis and neuronal termi- nal damage caused by different neurotoxicants. Additional results from other studies also suggest that as a master regulator of many pathways that regulate apoptosis and synaptic terminal damage, it is possible that Tp53 may function as a signaling hub to integrate different signaling pathways to mediate distinctive target pathways. Tp53 protein as a signaling hub might be able to evaluate the microenvironment of neurons, assess the forms and severities of injury incurred, and determine whether apoptotic cell death or neuro- nal terminal degeneration occurs. Identification of the precise mechanisms activated in distinct neuronal damage caused by different forms and severities of injuries might allow for development of specific Tp53 inhibitors or ways to modulate distinct downstream target pathways involved.

关键词： Parkinson's disease Tp53 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine neurotoxicity apoptosis methamphetamine

On the Centre of Mass Motion in Human Walking

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2017年第5期14卷 542-551页

作者： Justin Carpentier Mehdi Benallegue Jean-paul Laumond LAAS-CNRS University of Toulouse Humanoids Research Group National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

The center of mass （CoM） is a key descriptor in the understanding and the analysis of bipedal locomotion. Some approaches are based on the premise that humans minimize the CoM vertical displacement. Other approaches express walking dynamics through the inverted pendulum model. Such approaches are contradictory in that they lead to two conflicting patterns to express the CoM motion： straight line segments for the first approaches and arcs of a circle for the second ones. In this paper, we show that CoM motion is a trade-off between both patterns. Specifically, CoM follows a ＂curtate cycloid＂, which is the curve described by a point rigidly attached to a wheel rolling on a flat surface. We demonstrate that all the three parameters defining a curtate cycloid only depend on the height of the subjects.

关键词： Human locomotion analytical model centre of mass locomotion signature synergies.

Improving Heat Transfer in Parabolic Trough Solar Collectors by Magnetic Nanofluids

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Energy Engineering 2024年第4期121卷 835-848页

作者： Ritesh Singh Abhishek Gupta Akshoy Ranjan paul Bireswar paul Suvash C.Saha Department of Applied Mechanics Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadPrayagrajIndia Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering University of Technology SydneySydneyAustralia

A parabolic trough solar collector(PTSC)converts solar radiation into thermal ***,low thermal efficiency of PTSC poses a hindrance to the deployment of solar thermal power *** performance of PTSC is enhanced in this study by incorporating magnetic nanoparticles into the working *** circular receiver pipe,with dimensions of 66 mm diameter,2 mm thickness,and 24 m length,is exposed to uniform temperature and velocity *** working fluid,Therminol-66,is supplemented with Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles at concentrations ranging from 1%to 4%.The findings demonstrate that the inclusion of nanoparticles increases the convective heat transfer coefficient(HTC)of the PTSC,with higher nanoparticle volume fractions leading to greater heat transfer but increased pressure *** thermal enhancement factor(TEF)of the PTSC is positively affected by the volume fraction of nanoparticles,both with and without a magnetic ***,the scenario with a 4%nanoparticle volume fraction and a magnetic field strength of 250 G exhibits the highest TEF,indicating superior thermal *** findings offer potential avenues for improving the efficiency of PTSCs in solar thermal plants by introducing magnetic nanoparticles into the working fluid.

关键词： Parabolic trough solar collector(PTSC) magnetic nanofluid(MNF) heat transfer convective heat transfer coefficient(HTC) thermal enhancement factor(TEF)

Numerical storm surge model with higher order finite difference method of lines for the coast of Bangladesh

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第6期38卷 100-116页

作者： Gour Chandra paul Md. Emran Ali Department of Mathematics University of RajshahiRajshahi 6205Bangladesh Department of Textile Engineering Northern University BangladeshDhaka 1230Bangladesh

In this study, the method of lines (MOLs) with higher order central difference approximation method coupled with the classical fourth order Runge-Kutta (RK(4,4)) method is used in solving shallow water equations (SWEs) in Cartesian coordinates to foresee water levels associated with a storm accurately along the coast of Bangladesh. In doing so, the partial derivatives of the SWEs with respect to the space variables were discretized with 5-point central difference, as a test case, to obtain a system of ordinary differential equations with time as an independent variable for every spatial grid point, which with initial conditions were solved by the RK(4,4) method. The complex land-sea interface and bottom topographic details were incorporated closely using nested schemes. The coastal and island boundaries were rectangularized through proper stair step representation, and the storing positions of the scalar and momentum variables were specified according to the rules of structured C-grid. A stable tidal regime was made over the model domain considering the effect of the major tidal constituent, M2 along the southern open boundary of the outermost parent scheme. The Meghna River fresh water discharge was taken into account for the inner most child scheme. To take into account the dynamic interaction of tide and surge, the generated tidal regime was introduced as the initial state of the sea, and the surge was then made to come over it through computer simulation. Numerical experiments were performed with the cyclone April 1991 to simulate water levels due to tide, surge, and their interaction at different stations along the coast of Bangladesh. Our computed results were found to compare reasonable well with the limited observed data obtained from Bangladesh Inland Water Transport Authority (BIWTA) and were found to be better in comparison with the results obtained through the regular finite difference method and the 3-point central difference MOLs coupled with the RK(4,

关键词： shallow water equations method of lines higher order finite difference approximation method surge nested scheme

Osteopontin is an important mediator of alcoholic liver disease via hepatic stellate cell activation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 13088-13104页

作者： Devanshi Seth Alastair Duly paul C Kuo Geoffrey W McCaughan paul S Haber Drug Health Services Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown NSW 2050 Australia Garvan Institute Darlinghurst NSW 2010 Australia Central Clinical School of Medicine the University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2050 Australia Department of Surgery Loyola University Medica Centre Maywood IL 60153 United States AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre RPAH Camperdown NSW 2050 Australia

AIM: To investigate over-expression of Osteopontin (OPN) pathway expression and mechanisms of action in human alcoholic liver disease (ALD), in vivo and in vitro acute alcohol models.

关键词： Hepatic stellate cells Liver cirrhosis Plasmin Steatosis Fibrogenesis Transforming growth factor �3b2 Osteopontin isoform

α-Fe2O3 immobilized benzimidazolium tribromide as novel magnetically retrievable catalyst for one-pot synthesis of highly functionalized piperidines

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2016年第11期27卷 1725-1730页

作者： Bappi paul Sethumathavan Vadivel Siddhartha Sankar Dhar Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Silchar Silchar-788010 Assam India Department of Chemistry PSC College of Technology Peelamedu Coimbatore-641004 Tamilnadu India

Nanostructured ot-Fe2O3 were prepared by precipitation followed by calcination method. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CRAB） was used as surfactant. The nano α-Fe2O3 was then silanized with （3-chloropropyl）-triethoxysilane （CPTES） by room temperature mixing ofα-Fe2O3 and CPTES to produce silane coated ct-Fe2O3 （CIPr-Si@Fe2O3）. As-synthesized CIPr-Si@Fe2O3 was functionalized via covalent grafting of benzimidazole to produce 3-（1-benzimidazole）Pr-Si@Fe2O3. This was further reacted with bromine to afford α-Fe2O3 immobilized benzimidazolium tribromide （α-Fe2O3-BIM tribromide）. This ionic liquid （IL） α-Fe2O3 BIM tribromide was characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, SEM, TGA, VSM, EDX and BET analysis. The as-synthesized IL tribromide was used as catalyst for one-pot synthesis of highly substituted piperidines. The method is greener in terms of solvent selection, recovery of the catalyst and efficiency.

关键词： Nano α-Fe2O3 Covalent grafting Ionic liquid Multicomponent reaction

Exploring innovative synthetic solutions for advanced polymer-based electrochromic energy storage devices:Phenoxazine as a promising chromophore

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 433-452页

作者： Catalin-paul Constantin Mihaela Balan-Porcarasu Gabriela Lisa “Petru Poni”Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry Electroactive Polymers&Plasmochemistry Laboratory41A Grigore Ghica Voda AlleyIasi 700487Romania “Gh.Asachi”Technical University Iasi Faculty of Chemical EngineeringBd.Mangeron 71Iasi 700050Romania

The current investigation offers an innovative synthetic solution regarding electrochromic(EC)and energy storage applications by exploring phenoxazine(POZ)***,three POZ-based polymers(polyimide,polyazomethine,and polyamide)were synthesized to ascertain the superior *** polyamide exhibited remarkable attributes,including high redox stability during 500 repetitive CVs,optical contrast of 61.98%,rapid response times of 1.02 and 1.38 s for coloring and bleaching,EC efficiency of 280 cm^(2)C^(-1).and decays of the optical density and EC efficiency of only 12.18%and 6.23%after 1000 ***,the energy storage performance of polyamide PA was tested,for which the following parameters were obtained:74.7 F g^(-1)(CV,scan rate of 10 mV s^(-1))and 118 F g^(-1)(GCD,charging current of 0.1 A g^(-1)).Then,the polyamide was tested in EES devices,which yielded the following EC parameters:an optical contrast of 62.15%,response times of 9.24 and 5.01 s for coloring and bleaching,EC efficiency of 178 cm^(2)C^(-1),and moderate decays of 20.25%and 23.24%for the optical density and EC efficiency after 500 *** energy storage performance included a capacitance of 106 F g^(-1)(CV,scan rate of 0.1 mV s^(-1))and 9.23 F g^(-1)(GCD,charging current of 0.1 A g^(-1)),capacitance decay of 11.9%after500 cycles,and 1.7 V retention after 2 ***,two EES devices connected in series powered a 3 V LED for almost 30 s.

关键词： Polymers Phenoxazine Electrochromic Energy storage Electrochromi cenergy storage devices