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Effects of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on reared black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 817-834页

作者： Nathan Meijer Lisa Zoet Theo de Rijk paul Zomer Deborah Rjkers H.J.van der Fels-Klerx Joop J.A.van Loon Wageningen Food Safety Research(WFSR) Part of Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands Bestico B.V. Industrieweg 6Berkel en RodenrjsThe Netherlands Plant Sciences Group Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityWageningenTheNetherlands

Black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)receive growing interest as a potential alternative animal feed *** insects may be exposed to insecticide residues in the rearing *** study aimed to investigate the effects of six different pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides on this insect species'*** toxicity of two"model"substances for each of these classes(cypermethrin;pirimiphosmethyl)was quantified,with and without the synergist piperonyl butoxide(PBO).Critical effect doses corresponding to 10%yield(CED10)for cypermethrin(0.4 mg/kg)and pirimiphos-methyl(4.8 mg/kg)were *** addition of PBO to cypermethrin enhanced its relative potency with a factor *** data were compared against the relative toxicity of two analogue substances in each class(permethrin,deltamethrin;chlorpyrifosmethyl,malathion).Results suggest that exposure to concentrations complying with legal limits can cause significant reductions in *** to multiple substances at lower concentrations resulted in negative additive and synergistic *** the tested substances,deltamethrin was most toxic,causing 94%yield at 0.5 mg/*** results suggested that transfer of tested substances to the larval biomass was substance-and concentration-specific,but appeared to be correlated to reduced yields and the presence of *** of organophosphates was overall low(<2%),but ranged from 8%to 75%for *** to very low limits in insect biomass(~0.01 mg/kg),high transfer may result in *** is recommended that rearing companies implement lower contractual thresholds,and that policymakers consider adjusting legally allowed maximum residue levels in insect feed.

关键词： feed insects pesticides rearing substrate

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Post-fire recovery of Puya raimondii, vegetation and birds in the puna of Huascarán National Park, Perú

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 20-32页

作者： Mery L.SUNI Giovana P.VADILLO César ARANA Enoc JARA-PENA Letty SALINAS M.Estela PONCE paul M.RAMSAY Plant Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Natural History Museum Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Peru Applied Phytology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Statistics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Universidad de las Américas PueblaSan Andrés Cholula CP Cholula CP 72810Mexico

A large fire of 233 ha in Huascarán National Park in Peru provided an opportunity to compare plant and bird responses in burned and nearby unburned zones of the puna. Heights and live diameters of flagship Puya raimondii rosettes(assigned to four broad developmental phases), plant communities(66 species in 24 families and nine growth forms) and bird communities(77 species in six trophic guilds) were monitored after the fire. Although no mortality was observed, Puya raimondii plants were affected by the fire, losing approximately 60% of their photosynthetic area across all developmental phases, but recovered quickly during the first two years after fire. The comparison of Puya rosette recovery after fire was complicated by the changes in live rosette diameter for unburned plants, which showed plasticity of photosynthetic area linked to seasonal and annual fluctuations in precipitation in this relatively dry environment(decreased by 26% for mature adult plants over the study period). Fire caused an immediate change in the density, biomass and composition of vegetation. Although the species present remained similar, their abundances changed significantly immediately after the fire, with notable reductions in dominant tussock grasses. This provided opportunities for other plants, resulting in higher postfire diversity of plant species, genera, families and growth forms. In turn, the changes in vegetation after fire affected the composition of birds according to their trophic guild. Granivores largely disappeared,generalists were mostly unaffected, and other guilds showed a more complex response. As the vegetation recovered, most displaced birds returned within approximately one year.

关键词： Burning Plant biomass Trophic guilds Andes Giant rosette plants

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An orally-available monovalent SMAC mimetic compound as a broad-spectrum antiviral

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Protein & Cell 2024年第1期15卷 69-75页

作者： Miao Mei Maria_Antonietta Impagnatiello Jun Jiao Ulrich Reiser Ulrike Tontsch-Grunt Ju Zhang paul Nicklin Bingke Yu Yu Wang Yuan He Xu Tan Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural BiologyBeijing Frontier Research Center for Biological StructureMOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologySchool of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Chinese Institutes for Medical Research Beijing 100069China Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH&Co KG ViennaAustria College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Research Beyond Borders Boehringer IngelheimBiberach an der RissGermany Research Beyond Borders Boehringer IngelheimShanghai 200120China

DearEditor,The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused great global morbidity and mortality concurrent with astronomical socioeconomic damages and *** now,the culpable pathogen,SARS-CoV-2,has infected over 6 hundred million people resulting in more than 6 million deaths worldwide(WHO SARSCoV-2 cases).There is an urgent need for rapid development of effective and affordable therapeutics for COVID-19 patients.

关键词： mortality spectrum compound

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A Study on the Challenges of Human-Centric Cyber-Security and the Guarantee of Information Quality

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Journal of Information Security 2024年第2期15卷 218-231页

作者： Mohammed Hussein Kurdi Mohsen Denden David paul Department of Cyber-Security National Events Center Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Computer and Information Technologies Technical College of Telecommunication and Information Riyadh TCTI Technical and Vocational Training Corporation TVTC Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Higher Institute of Applied Sciences of Sousse University of Sousse Sousse Tunisia School of Science & Technology University of New England Armidale Australia

Information security and quality management are often considered two different fields. However, organizations must be mindful of how software security may affect quality control. This paper examines and promotes methods through which secure software development processes can be integrated into the Systems Software Development Life-cycle (SDLC) to improve system quality. Cyber-security and quality assurance are both involved in reducing risk. Software security teams work to reduce security risks, whereas quality assurance teams work to decrease risks to quality. There is a need for clear standards, frameworks, processes, and procedures to be followed by organizations to ensure high-level quality while reducing security risks. This research uses a survey of industry professionals to help identify best practices for developing software with fewer defects from the early stages of the SDLC to improve both the quality and security of software. Results show that there is a need for better security awareness among all members of software development teams.

关键词： Cyber Security Development Methodology Information Quality Human-Centric SDLC Quality Assurance

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Engineering the axial coordination of cobalt single atom catalysts for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第6期17卷 5114-5121页

作者： Ning Kang Lingwen Liao Xue Zhang Zhen He Binlu Yu Jiahong Wang Yongquan Qu paul KChu Seeram Ramakrishna Xue-Feng Yu Xin Wang Licheng Bai Materials Interfaces Center Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Anhui Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials and NanotechnologyCAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceInstitute of Solid State PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077China Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center(NPMM) City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077China Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Department of Physics and Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloonHong Kong 999077China National University of Singapore(NUS)Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117542Singapore

Improving the catalytic activity of non-noble metal single atom catalysts(SACs)has attracted considerable attention in materials *** optimizing the local electronic structure of single atom can greatly improve their catalytic activity,it often involves in-plane modulation and requires high ***,we report a novel strategy to manipulate the local electronic structure of SACs via the modulation of axial Co-S bond anchored onto graphitic carbon nitride(C_(3)N_(4))at room temperature(RT).Each Co atom is bonded to four N atoms and one S atom(Co-(N,S)/C_(3)N_(4)).Owing to the greater electronegativity of S in the Co-S bond,the local electronic structure of the Co atoms is available to be controlled at a relatively moderate ***,when employed for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction,the adsorption energy of intermediate hydrogen(H*)on the Co atoms is remarkably *** the presence of the Co-(N,S)/C_(3)N_(4)SACs,the hydrogen evolution rates reach up to 10 mmol/(g·h),which is nearly 10 and 2.5 times greater than the rates in the presence of previously reported transition metal/C_(3)N_(4)and noble platinum nanoparticles(PtNPs)/C_(3)N_(4)catalysts,*** to the tailorable axial Co-S bond in the SAC,the local electronic structure of the Co atoms can be further optimized for other photocatalytic *** axial coordination engineering strategy is universal in catalyst designing and can be used for a variety of photocatalytic applications.

关键词： transition metal single-atom local electronic structure photocatalytic hydrogen evolution graphitic carbon nitride axial coordination environment

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Atlantic blocking events in a simplified nonlinear baroclinic model for local finite-amplitude wave activity

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2024年第4期17卷 41-45页

作者： Ning Shi Bamidele Abiodun paul Wencai Liu Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters School of Atmospheric SciencesNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjingChina Nigerian Meteorological Agency AbujaNigeria

为研究北大西洋阻高的形成机制,本文在局部有限振幅波活动(LWA)框架下进行了一系列数值实验.采用的数值模型能显式地描绘出两种重要的大气内部动力过程,即非线性纬向位涡通量和Rossby波包传播.模拟结果显示,这两种动力学过程均是形成大... 详细信息

为研究北大西洋阻高的形成机制,本文在局部有限振幅波活动(LWA)框架下进行了一系列数值实验.采用的数值模型能显式地描绘出两种重要的大气内部动力过程,即非线性纬向位涡通量和Rossby波包传播.模拟结果显示,这两种动力学过程均是形成大西洋阻高的重要机理.具体地,非线性纬向位涡通量和Rossby波包传播,分别是大西洋阻高南部和北部LWA形成的主导因子.因此,本研究综合了前人关于大西洋阻高的研究成果,为其形成机理提供了新的认识.

关键词：斜压模式局地有限振幅波活动罗斯贝波传播非线性效应

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Subsequent total joint arthroplasty: Are we learning from the first stage?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第3期15卷 230-237页

作者： Christine Jiang Wu Colin Penrose Sean Patrick Ryan Michael paul Bolognesi Thorsten Markus Seyler Samuel Secord Wellman Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Midwest Center for Joint ReplacementIndianapolisIN 46241United States

BACKGROUND With the increasing incidence of total joint arthroplasty(TJA),there is a desire to reduce peri-operative complications and resource *** degenerative conditions progress in multiple joints,many patients undergo multiple *** To determine if both physicians and patients learn from the patient’s initial arth-roplasty,resulting in improved outcomes following the second *** The institutional database was retrospectively queried for primary total hip arth-roplasty(THA)and total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Patients with only unilateral THA or TKA,and patients undergoing same-day bilateral TJA,were *** demographics,comorbidities,and implant sizes were collected at the time of each procedure and patients were stratified by first vs second *** metrics evaluated included operative time,length of stay(LOS),disposition,90-d readmissions and emergency department(ED)*** A total of 642 patients,including 364 undergoing staged bilateral TKA and 278 undergoing bilateral THA,were *** was no significant difference in demographics or comorbidities between the first and second procedure,which were separated by a mean of 285 *** THA and TKA,LOS was significantly less for the second surgery,with 66%of patients having a shorter hospitalization(P<0.001).THA patients had significantly decreased operative time only when the same sized implant was utilized(P=0.025).The vast majority(93.3%)of patients were discharged to the same type of location following their second ***,when a change in disposition was present from the first surgery,patients were significantly more likely to be discharged to home after the second procedure(P=0.033).There was no difference between procedures for post-operative readmissions(P=0.438)or ED visits(P=0.915).CONCLUSION After gaining valuable experience recovering from the initial surgery,a patient’s perioperative outcomes are improved for their second *** may

关键词： Staged total joint arthroplasty Asynchronous total joint arthroplasty Subsequent total joint arthroplasty Contralateral total joint arthroplasty Perioperative outcomes

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Predictive Study of Trace Metal Pollution of Gold Panning Sites in Birimian Formations: Case of the Yaouré Furrow (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第7期14卷 1691-1714页

作者： Tonga paul Tiemoko Gbele Ouattara Kouassi Ernest Ahoussi Laboratoire des Sciences Gographiques du Gnie Civil et des Gosciences Institut National Polytechnique Flix Houphout-Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Laboratoiredes Sciences du Sol delEauetdes Gomatriaux Universit Flix Houphout-Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan-Cocody Cte dIvoire

The present study was carried out on small-scale gold mining sites in the Yaouré region of Côte d’Ivoire. This region is geologically representative of the Birimian formations (2.1 Ga) of West Africa. The aim is to determine the potentially toxic trace metals (TMEs) generated by these sites, with a view to preventing possible contamination and/or metal pollution of the waters that provide fish products for local populations. To this end, a sampling campaign was carried out, resulting in the collection of 20 mining waste samples analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and 10 by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The XRF analysis detected 06 predominant TMEs: arsenic, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc and vanadium. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the distributions and correlations between these ETMs. To assess contamination and/or pollution levels, the following indices were calculated on the basis of reference concentrations of upper continental crust MTEs: Enrichment Factor, Geo-accumulation Index, Concentration Factor, Degree of contamination and those related to ecological risks. The results of statistical analyses and indices have shown that arsenic and chromium are the most predominant and can be, depending on the chemical form, potentially more toxic. The results of the DRX analysis show the occurrence of several minerals carrying these two MTEs, especially that of a rare mineral, Stenhuggarite, an arsenic oxide linked to hydrothermal veins. The majority of gold mining operations in West Africa are located in the birimian zone, hence the need for environmental monitoring by the relevant authorities, to prevent potential ecological risks to water and possibly health risks via the food chain.

关键词： Small-Scale Mining Metallic Trace Elements Mining Discharges Contamination Pollution Contamination Pollution Index

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Impacts of Human Activities and Season on Species Diversity and Abundance of Butterflies in Mpanga Kipengere Game Reserve and Surrounding Farmlands, Tanzania

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 274-291页

作者： Privatus M. Kasisi Nsajigwa Mbije paul Lyimo Departiment of Ecosystem Science and Management College of Forest Wildlife and Tourism Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Departiment of Wildlife Management College of Forest Wildlife and Tourism Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

Maintaining natural habitats is crucial for the preservation of insects and other species that indicate environmental changes. However, the Mpanga/Kipengere Game Reserve and its surrounding farmlands are facing disturbance due to human activities, which is putting many wildlife species, particularly larger mammals, at risk. To determine the impact of human activities on butterfly species diversity and abundance in the reserve and its surrounding areas, we conducted a study from November 2021 to October 2023. We collected butterfly data using transect walks and baited traps in two habitat types. Our study yielded 2799 butterfly Individuals ranging in 124 species divided into five families habitat, season, and anthropogenic factors are significant environmental variables influencing species diversity and abundance of butterflies. Therefore, it’s important to protect habitat and dry-season water for the conservation of invertebrates such as butterflies. Our study findings provide essential information for ecological monitoring and future assessment of the Mpanga/Kipengere Game Reserve ecosystem health.

关键词： Mpanga Kipengere Game Reserve Species Diversity Habitat Butterflies Season Human Activities

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上海戏剧学院2020级音乐剧表演专业/舞美系毕业公演百老汇音乐剧《致埃文·汉森》剧照

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戏剧艺术 2024年第2期 I0005-I0006页

作者： Benj Pasek Justin paul Steven Levenson 不详

剧情梗概该剧讲述的是埃文·汉森,一位高中生,因为家庭的变故,常感到孤独,并患上了社交焦虑症。遵照心理医师的要求,他每天都要写一封致自己的信,以此来激励自己。可是他的一封信却被同班同学康纳·墨菲发现,让康纳误以为此信是埃文写... 详细信息

剧情梗概该剧讲述的是埃文·汉森,一位高中生,因为家庭的变故,常感到孤独,并患上了社交焦虑症。遵照心理医师的要求,他每天都要写一封致自己的信,以此来激励自己。可是他的一封信却被同班同学康纳·墨菲发现,让康纳误以为此信是埃文写给他的。不久传来康纳自杀身亡的消息,令所有人极度悲伤……此时康纳的父母也发现了埃文写的那封信,他们误以为自己的儿子和埃文是最亲密的好友,试图通过埃文去查清儿子的死因,为了安慰康納的家人,埃文决定将错就错。

关键词：上海戏剧学院自杀身亡心理医师同班同学康纳汉森一封信将错就错

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