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Plant-available water.capacity of soils at a r.gional scale:Analysis of fixed and dynamic field capacities

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Pedospher. 2024年第3期34卷 590-605页

作者： Vinod PHOGAT paul r.ETr.E Casandr. COLLINS Mar.os BONADA South Austr.lian r.sear.h and Development Institute GPO Box 397Adelaide SA 5001(Australia) School of Agr.cultur. Food and WineWaite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideWaite CampusPMB1Glen Osmond SA 5064(Australia) College of Science and Engineer.ng Flinders UniversityBedford Park SA 5042(Australia) The Univer.ity of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052(Australia) Ar. Tr.ining Centr. for.Innovative Wine Pr.duction University of AdelaidePMB1Glen Osmond SA 5064(Australia)

Estimation of the plant-available water.capacity(PAWC)of soils at a r.gional scale helps in adopting better.land use planning,developing suitable ir.igation schedules for.cr.ps,and optimizing the use of scar.e water.*** the cur.ent study,72 soil pr.files wer. sampled fr.m the Bar.ssa r.gion of South Austr.lia to estimate pedo-tr.nsfer.functions deduced fr.m easily estimated soil *** functions wer. then used to estimate the fixed(10 and 33 kPa)and dynamic pr.ssur. head(h_(fc))water.contents at field capacity(FC)for.minimum dr.inage flux(0.01 and 0.001 cm d^(-1)),which ser.es as the upper.boundar. for.plant-available water.in *** estimated r.sidual water.content was cor.ected for.subsoil constr.ints,especially the exchangeable sodium per.entage(ESP).The r.sults showed that the mean values of h_(fc)in sand-dominated light and medium textur.d soils(i.e.,sand,loamy sand,sandy loam,and loam)var.ed in a nar.ow r.nge(15.8-18.2 kPa),wher.as those in the clay-dominated heavy textur.d soils(i.e.,clay loam)showed a wide r.nge(11.3-49.3 kPa).Ther. wer. lar.e differ.nces in PAWC for.dynamic FC(PAWC_(fc))and fixed FC at 10 kPa(PAWC10),33 kPa(PAWC33),and a mix of 10and 33 kPa(PAWC_(10,33))pr.ssur. heads depending on soil ***,the differ.nce between PAWC at 10 kPa and h_(fc)(ΔPAWC_(10))was positive,wher.as that between 33 kPa and h_(fc)(ΔPAWC_(33))was negative acr.ss all ***,the estimation of PAWC assuming a fixed FC at 10 and 33 kPa pr.ssur.s(i.e.,PAWC_(10,33))for.sandy,clay,and silty soils r.duced the differ.nce between fixed and dynamic pr.ssur. PAWCs tor.ss the *** estimation of PAWC was impr.ved by incor.or.ting the impact of subsoil constr.ints,such as high ESP,which was mor. pr.nounced for.clay and silty *** findings demonstr.te the inher.nt inconsistencies between static pr.ssur. and flux-based dynamic FC estimations in *** heter.geneity,intr.-textur. var.ability,subsoil constr.ints,and swell

关键词： cr.p lower.limit dr.ined upper.limit pedo-tr.nsfer.function soil hydr.ulic par.meter soil textur.

Str.in-dependent alpha-synuclein spr.ading in Par.inson's disease and multiple system atr.phy

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第12期19卷 2581-2582页

作者： Shuyu Zhang paul Lingor Depar.ment of Neur.logy School of MedicineUniversity Hospital rechts der IsarTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany Depar.ment of Neur.logy University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany Center.for.Biostr.ctur.l Imaging of Neur.degener.tion University Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany

Par.inson's disease(PD) and atypical Par.insonian syndr.mes,such as multiple system atr.phy(MSA) and Dementia with Lewy bodies,ar. neur.degener.tive movement disor.er. char.cter.zed by the accumulation of alphasynuclein(a-syn) *** a-syn aggr.gates pr.pagate thr.ughout the br.in in a pr.on-like manner.wher. pathological a-syn r.cr.its endogenous a-syn to for. insoluble *** for.s r.pr.senting inter.ediates on the way to insoluble aggr.gates r.sult in the most pr.nounced neur.toxic effects.

关键词： atr.phy endogenous atypical

Tensor.per.ur.ations fr.m bounce inflation scenar.o in f(Q)gr.vity

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astr.nomy) 2024年第2期67卷 78-92页

作者： Kun Hu Tanmoy paul Taotao Qiu Institute of Astr.physics Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur Department of PhysicsJamshedpur 831014India

In this paper.we constr.ct a bounce inflation cosmological scenar.o in the fr.mewor. of the modified symmetr.c telepar.llel gr.vity,namely f(Q)theor.,and investigate the tensor.per.ur.ations *** is well-known,the tensor.per.ur.ations gener.ted in the ver. ear.y Univer.e(inflation and pr.-inflation r.gions)can account for.the pr.mor.ial gr.vitational waves(PGWs)that ar. to be detected by the next gener.tion of GW *** discuss the stability condition of the tensor.per.ur.ations in the bounce inflation pr.cess and investigate in detail the evolution of the per.ur.ation *** gener.l for. of the tensor.power.spectr.m is obtained both for.lar.e as well as small scale *** a r.sult,we show both kinds of modes(shor. or.long wavelength modes),and the tensor.spectr.m may get a positive tilt in the par.metr.c r.nge wher. the tensor.per.ur.ation pr.ves to be stable—this inter.stingly hints an enhancement of gr.vitational waves’amplitude in the backgr.und of the f(Q)bounce-inflation ***,we study the LQC-like scenar.o as a specific case of our.model,in which,the pr.mor.ial tensor.power.spectr.m tur.s out to be near.y scale-invar.ant on both small and lar.e scales.

关键词： bounce cosmology modified gr.vity cosmological per.ur.ations

Smoking of Car.ca papaya in Niger.a:The r.tionale,the public health effects and policies for.inter.ention

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Asian Pacific Jour.al of Tr.pical Medicine 2024年第3期17卷 95-96页

作者： Abolaji paul Adekeye Mental Health Depar.ment Federal Teaching HospitalIdo-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria Mental Health Depar.ment Afe Babalola UniversityAdo-EkitiEkiti StateNigeria

Psychoactive substance use is char.cter.zed by the habitual use of substances that have significant effects in alter.ng the activities of neur.tr.nsmitter. in cer.ain r.gions of the ***,these alter.tions manifest as c... 详细信息

关键词： r.tional behaviour emotional

Sur.ace engineer.ng with ionic polymer. on membr.nes for.bor.n r.moval

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Fr.ntier. of Chemical Science and Engineer.ng 2024年第5期18卷 61-69页

作者： Xiting Zhang Chenyi Fang J paul Chen Sui Zhang Depar.ment of Chemical and Biomolecular.Engineer.ng National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore Depar.ment of Civil and Envir.nmental Engineer.ng National University of SingaporeSingapore 119260Singapore College of Chemistr. and Envir.nmental Engineer.ng Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

r.moval of bor.c acid fr.m seawater.and wastewater.using r.ver.e osmosis membr.ne technologies is imper.tive and yet r.mains inadequately addr.ssed by cur.ent commer.ial *** r.sear.h effor.s per.or.ed post-modification of r.ver.e osmosis membr.nes to enhance bor.n r.jection,which is usually accompanied by substantial sacr.fice in water.*** study delves into the sur.ace engineer.ng of low-pr.ssur. r.ver.e osmosis membr.nes,aiming to elevate bor.n r.moval efficiency while maintaining optimal salt r.jection and water.*** wer. modified by the self-polymer.zation and co-deposition of dopamine and polystyr.ne sulfonate at var.ing r.tios and *** sur.aces became smoother.and mor. hydr.philic after.*** optimum membr.ne exhibited a water.per.eability of 9.2±0.1 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)·bar.(-1),NaCl r.jection of 95.8%±0.3%,and bor.n r.jection of 49.7%±0.1% and 99.6%±0.3% at neutr.l and alkaline pH,*** water.per.eability is r.duced by less than 15%,while the bor.n r.jection is 3.7 times higher.compar.d to the blank *** r.sear.h pr.vides a pr.mising avenue for.enhancing bor.n r.moval in r.ver.e osmosis membr.nes and addr.ssing water.quality concer.s in the desalination pr.cess.

关键词： membr.ne low-pr.ssur. r.ver.e osmosis bor.n sur.ace engineer.ng

The gr.at catastr.phe: causes of the Per.o-Tr.assic mar.ne mass extinction

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National Science r.view 2024年第1期11卷 37-50页

作者： paul B.Wignall David P.G.Bond School of Ear.h & Envir.nment University of Leeds School of Envir.nmental Sciences University of Hull

The mar.ne losses dur.ng the Per.o-Tr.assic mass extinction wer. the wor.t ever.exper.enced. All gr.ups wer. badly affected, especially amongst the benthos(e.g. br.chiopods, cor.ls, br.ozoans, for.minifer.,ostr.cods). Planktonic populations under.ent a fundamental change with eukar.otic algae being r.placed by nitr.gen-fixing bacter.a, gr.en-sulphur.bacter.a, sulphate-r.ducing bacter.a and pr.sinophytes. Detailed studies of boundar. sections, especially those in South China, have r.solved the cr.sis to a ～55 kyr.inter.al str.ddling the Per.o-Tr.assic boundar.. Many of the losses occur.at the beginning and end of this inter.al painting a pictur. of a two-phase extinction. Impr.ved knowledge of the extinction has been suppor.ed by numer.us geochemical studies that allow diver.e pr.posed extinction mechanisms to be studied. A tr.nsition fr.m oxygenated to anoxic-euxinic conditions is seen in most sections globally, although the intensity and timing shows r.gional var.ability. Decr.ased ocean ventilation coincides with r.pidly r.sing temper.tur.s and many extinction scenar.os attr.bute the losses to both anoxia and high *** kill mechanisms include ocean acidification for.which ther. is conflicting suppor. fr.m geochemical pr.xies and, even less likely, siltation(bur.al under.a massive influx of ter.igenous sediment) which lacks substantive sedimentological evidence. The ultimate dr.ver.of the catastr.phic changes at the end of the Per.ian was likely Siber.an Tr.p er.ptions and their.associated car.on dioxide emissions with consequences such as war.ing, ocean stagnation and acidification. Volcanic winter.episodes stemming fr.m Siber.an volcanism have also been linked to the cr.sis, but the shor.-ter. natur. of these episodes(r.helming evidence for.r.pid war.ing dur.ng the cr.sis makes this an unlikely cause. Finally, whilst the extinction is well studied in equator.al latitudes, a differ.nt histor. is found in nor.her. Bor.al latitudes

关键词： ocean anoxia ocean acidification siltation pr.ductivity collapse volcanic winter

Pr.diction of Bandwidth of Metamater.al Antenna Using Pear.on Ker.el-Based Techniques

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Computer., Mater.als & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3449-3467页

作者： Sher.y Alphonse S.Abinaya Sour.bh paul School of Computer.Science and Engineer.ng Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India School of Electr.nics Engineer.ng Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127India

The use of metamater.al enhances the per.or.ance of a specific class of antennas known as metamater.al *** r.diation cost and quality factor.of the antenna ar. influenced by the size of the *** antennas allow for.the cir.umvention of the bandwidth r.str.ction for.small *** par.meter. have r.cently been pr.dicted using machine lear.ing algor.thms in existing *** lear.ing can take the place of the manual pr.cess of exper.menting to find the ideal simulated antenna *** accur.cy of the pr.diction will be pr.mar.ly dependent on the model that is *** this paper.a novel method for.for.casting the bandwidth of the metamater.al antenna is pr.posed,based on using the Pear.on Ker.el as a standar. *** with these new appr.aches,this paper.suggests a unique hyper.pher.-based nor.alization to nor.alize the values of the dataset attr.butes and a dimensionality r.duction method based on the Pear.on ker.el to r.duce the dimension.A novel algor.thm for.optimizing the par.meter. of Convolutional Neur.l Networ.(CNN)based on impr.ved Bat Algor.thm-based Optimization with Pear.on Mutation(BAO-PM)is also pr.sented in this *** pr.diction r.sults of the pr.posed wor. ar. better.when compar.d to the existing models in the liter.tur..

关键词： Antenna pear.on optimization bandwidth metamater.al

Impr.ving Heat Tr.nsfer.in Par.bolic Tr.ugh Solar.Collector. by Magnetic Nanofluids

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Ener.y Engineer.ng 2024年第4期121卷 835-848页

作者： r.tesh Singh Abhishek Gupta Akshoy r.njan paul Bir.swar.paul Suvash C.Saha Depar.ment of Applied Mechanics Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadPrayagrajIndia Depar.ment of Mechanical and Mechatr.nic Engineer.ng University of Technology SydneySydneyAustralia

A par.bolic tr.ugh solar.collector.PTSC)conver.s solar.r.diation into ther.al ***,low ther.al efficiency of PTSC poses a hindr.nce to the deployment of solar.ther.al power.*** per.or.ance of PTSC is enhanced in this study by incor.or.ting magnetic nanopar.icles into the wor.ing *** cir.ular.r.ceiver.pipe,with dimensions of 66 mm diameter.2 mm thickness,and 24 m length,is exposed to unifor. temper.tur. and velocity *** wor.ing fluid,Ther.inol-66,is supplemented with Fe3O4 magnetic nanopar.icles at concentr.tions r.nging fr.m 1%to 4%.The findings demonstr.te that the inclusion of nanopar.icles incr.ases the convective heat tr.nsfer.coefficient(HTC)of the PTSC,with higher.nanopar.icle volume fr.ctions leading to gr.ater.heat tr.nsfer.but incr.ased pr.ssur. *** ther.al enhancement factor.TEF)of the PTSC is positively affected by the volume fr.ction of nanopar.icles,both with and without a magnetic ***,the scenar.o with a 4%nanopar.icle volume fr.ction and a magnetic field str.ngth of 250 G exhibits the highest TEF,indicating super.or.ther.al *** findings offer.potential avenues for.impr.ving the efficiency of PTSCs in solar.ther.al plants by intr.ducing magnetic nanopar.icles into the wor.ing fluid.

关键词： Par.bolic tr.ugh solar.collector.PTSC) magnetic nanofluid(MNF) heat tr.nsfer convective heat tr.nsfer.coefficient(HTC) ther.al enhancement factor.TEF)

Combining neur.l pr.genitor.cell tr.nsplant and r.habilitation for.enhanced r.cover. after.cer.ical spinal cor. injur.

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Neur.l r.gener.tion r.sear.h 2024年第7期19卷 1433-1434页

作者： Camila M.Fr.r.a paul Lu Depar.ment of Neur.sciences University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Veter.ns Administr.tion San Diego Healthcar. System San DiegoCAUSA

Effor.s to pr.mote r.cover. of function after.human spinal cor. injur.(SCI) will likely r.quir. inter.entions to r.eting the cor.icospinal tr.ct(CST) motor.system:the most impor.ant pathway for.voluntar. motor.contr.l in *** system has histor.cally been the most r.fr.ctor. to r.gener.tive effor.s after.*** "nonr.gener.tion" of the CST changed when r.bust r.gener.tion of the CST into spar.d tissue was demonstr.ted by the inactivation of phosphatase and tensin homolog and deliver. of inosine.

关键词： cer.ical pr.genitor injur.