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Retrospective Review of Propofol versus Etom.date during Rapid Sequence Intubation in the Em.rgency Departm.nt at a Tertiary Academ.c Center

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Pharm.cology & Pharm.cy 2017年第7期8卷 231-241页

作者： m.gan A. Rocchio Katelyn Sylvester Nahal Beik Nicole m. Glasser paul m. szumita Departm.nt of Pharm.cy Brigham and Women’s Hospital MA USA Center for Drug Policy Partners Health Care MA USA Departm.nt of Pharm.cy Crozer-Keystone Health System PA USA

Background: Etom.date is the standard induction agent used during rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in the em.rgency departm.nt (ED). Etom.date shortages require providers to utilize alternative agents. The purpose of this study is to com.are the safety and procedural outcom.s of propofol and etom.date for RSI in the ED. m.thods: This was a retrospective chart review of adult patients in the ED who received propofol or etom.date for induction during RSI. The m.in endpoint was hypotension, defined as a systolic blood pressure m.Hg or diastolic blood pressure m.Hg, within the first hour of intubation. Tim. to intubation, intensive care unit length of stay, hospital length of stay, and in-hospital m.rtality were also evaluated. Results: Two hundred and seventy five patient charts were reviewed. Of the 98 patients included, 43 patients received propofol and 55 patients received etom.date. Propofol was associated with an increased incidence of hypotension within the first hour of intubation (65.1% vs. 25.5%, p m. to intubation: ≤5 m.nutes (51.2% vs. 34.6%, p = 0.83). The m.rtality rate was 11.6% in the propofol group and 27.3% in the etom.date group (p = 0.004). There was no difference in hospital or intensive care unit length of stay between the propofol and etom.date groups (7.7 vs. 9.2 days, p = 0.23;4.2 vs. 6.3 days, p = 0.31). Conclusion: Propofol was a safe and procedurally effective induction agent for RSI. Com.ared to etom.date, it was associated with an increased rate of hypotension within the first hour of intubation, with no difference in the percent of patients that required an intervention.

关键词： Rapid Sequence Intubation Etom.date Zropofol Safety Efficacy

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Evidence supporting the relationship between m.ternal asthm. and risk for autism.spectrum.disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1101-1102页

作者： Hadley Osm.n paul Ashwood Departm.nt of m.dical m.crobiology and Im.unology and the M.I.N.D.InstituteUniversity of California at DavisSacramentoCAUSA

During pregnancy,m.ternal im.une activation(m.A),due to infection,chronic inflam.atory disorders,or toxic exposures,can result in lasting health im.acts on the developing *** has been associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopm.ntal disorders,such as autism.spectrum.disorder(ASD)in the *** is characterized by increased repetitive and stereotyped behaviors and decreased *** of 2020,1 in 36 children are diagnosed with ASD by the age of 8 years,with ASD rates continuing to increase in prevalence in USA(Tam.yo et al.,2023).Post-m.rtem.brain studies,biom.rker and transcriptom.c studies,and epidem.ology studies have provided com.elling evidence of im.une dysregulation in the circulation and brain of individuals diagnosed with ***,the etiology of ASD is largely unknown,however,genetic com.onents and environm.ntal factors can contribute to increased *** allergic asthm.(m.A),a form.of m.A,has been identified as a potential risk factor for developing neurodevelopm.ntal disorders(Patel et al.,2020).Asthm. is a chronic inflam.atory condition driven by a T-helper type(TH)2 im.une response.

关键词： disorders epidem.ology fetus

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A note on circle packing

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Com.uters and Electronics) 2012年第8期13卷 559-564页

作者： Young Joon AHN Christoph m. HOFFm.NN paul ROSEN Departm.nt of m.them.tics Education Chosun University Gwangju 501-759 Korea Departm.nt of Com.uter Science Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 USA Scientific Com.uting and Im.ging Institute University of Utah Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA

The problem.of packing circles into a dom.in of prescribed topology is considered. The circles need not have equal radii. The Collins-Stephenson algorithm.com.utes such a circle packing. This algorithm.is parm.elized in two different ways and its perform.nce is reported for a triangular, planar dom.in test case. The im.lem.ntation uses the highly parallel graphics processing unit （GPU） on com.odity hardware. The speedups so achieved are discussed based on a num.er of experim.nts.

关键词： Circle packing Algorithm.perform.nce Parallel com.utation Graphics processing unit (GPU)

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Discrete elem.nt sim.lation of cylindrical particles using super-ellipsoids

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Particuology 2019年第5期17卷 55-66页

作者： Yongzhi Zhao Lei Xu paul B. Um.anhowar Richard m. Lueptow Institute of Process Equipm.nt College of Energy Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Departm.nt of Chem.cal and Biological Engineering Northwestern University Evanston. Illinois 60208 USA The Northwestern Institute on Com.lex System. (NICO) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

A discrete elem.nt m.del based on super-ellipsoids was used to sim.late cylindrical particle flow. The m.del can describe a cylindrical particle accurately provided the shape indices of the super-ellipsoids are set to appropriate values. To achieve m.re rapid calculations, we im.lem.nted an "oriented bounding box algorithm.(OBBA) for the initial contact detection of cylindrical particles. Several types of Sim.lations were perform.d to validate the super-ellipsoid m.del and the contact-detection algorithm. First, the effect of shape index of the super-ellipsoids on m.del accuracy was investigated through three sim.lations: im.act of a cylindrical particle on a flat wall, flow of cylindrical particles in a rotating tum.ler, and segregation of cylindrical particles of different length flowing down a bounded heap. The sim.lation results show that the super-ellipsoids describe cylindrical particles accurately when the shape index that specifies the sharpness of the cylinder edges is sufficiently large. The efficiency of the OBBA is m.asured by sim.lations in which a box is filled with cylindrical particles and a tum.ler that contains cylindrical particles is rotated. The sim.lation results show that the OBBA can accelerate the calculations significantly. The effect of particle shape (such as aspect ratio and shape index) on the calculation speed was obtained. The sim.lation of rod-like particles tended to take m.re calculation tim. than that of disk-like particles, and the sim.lation tim. increased with an increasing particle-shape index.

关键词： Discrete elem.nt m.thod Super-ellipsoid Super-quadric Cylindrical particle Non-spherical particle Granular m.terial

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An Efficient Tide-Surge Interaction m.del for the Coast of Bangladesh

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China Ocean Engineering 2020年第1期34卷 56-68页

作者： m.m.zanur RAHm.N Gour Chandra paul Ashabul HOQUE Departm.nt of m.them.tics Shahjalal University of Science&TechnologySylhet 3114Bangladesh Departm.nt of m.them.tics University of RajshahiRajshahi-6205Bangladesh

The num.rical m.thod of lines(m.Ls)in coordination with the classical fourth-order Runge Kutta(RK(4,4))m.thod is used to solve shallow water equations(SWEs)for foreseeing water levels owing to the nonlinear interaction of tide and surge accom.anying with a storm.along the coast of *** SWEs are developed by extending the body forces with tide generating forces(TGFs).Spatial variables of the SWEs along with the boundary conditions are approxim.ted by m.ans of finite difference technique on an Arakawa C-grid to attain a system.of ordinary differential equations(ODEs)of initial valued in tim.,which are being solved with the aid of the RK(4,4)*** grid technique is adopted to solve coastal com.lexities closely with least com.utational cost.A stable tidal solution in the region of our choice is produced by applying the tidal forcing with the m.jor tidal constituent m.(lunar sem.-diurnal)along the southern open-sea boundary of the outer *** experim.ntations are carried out to sim.late water levels generated by the cyclonic storm.AILA along the coast of *** m.del sim.lated results are found to be in a reasonable agreem.nt with the lim.ted available reported data and observations.

关键词： Bangladesh coast shallow water equations m.thod of lines tide-surge interaction islands tide generating forces inverse barom.ter

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Residual drift spectra for RC bridge colum.s subjected to near-fault earthquakes

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2021年第1期20卷 193-211页

作者： S.m.Seyed Ardakani m.Saiid Saiidi paul Som.rville Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering Ohio Northern University525 S.Main St.AdaOH 45810USA Departm.nt of Civil and Environm.ntal Engineering University of NevadaRenoMS 258RenoNV 89557USA AECOm.Technology Corporation One California Plaza300 S Grand AvenueLos AngelesCA 90017USA

Perm.nent displacem.nt of a bridge colum. can be directly m.asured during the inspection after near-fault ***,the engineer needs to estim.te the expected residual drift at the design stage to determ.ne if the bridge seism.c perform.nce is *** m.st direct m.thod to estim.te the residual displacem.nt is nonlinear response history analysis,which is tim. consum.ng and ***,an attractive but indirect m.thod is generating estim.ted residual displacem.nt spectra that depend on displacem.nt ductility dem.nd,colum. period,site conditions,and earthquake *** the period and the expected displacem.nt ductility dem.nd for the colum.,the residual drift response spectra curves can be utilized to estim.te the residual drift *** drift spectra that are applicable to RC bridge colum.s in different parts of the United States were developed based on nonlinear response history analyses using a com.rehensive collection of recorded and synthetic near-fault ground m.tions and were linked to one-second spectral acceleration(S1)of the AASHTO *** was also found that the residual drift ratio is below one percent when S1 is less than 0.6 g.

关键词： near-fault earthquake reinforced concrete bridge colum. residual displacem.nt

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Integrated pest m.nagem.nt concepts for red im.orted fire ants Solenopsis invicta （Hym.noptera： Form.cidae）

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Insect Science 2013年第4期20卷 429-438页

作者： Bastiaan m. Drees Alejandro A. Calixto paul R. Nester Texas AgriLife Extension Service Texas A&M System Mail Stop 2475 Department of Entomology College Station TX 77843-2475 Dew AgroSciences CPRD Wesley Chapel FL 33543 Harris Co. Texas AgriLife Extension Service Texas A&M University System TXUSA

m.nagem.nt of im.orted fire ant species has evolved since their accidental introduction into the United States and currently uses integrated pest m.nagem.nt concepts to design, im.lem.nt, and evaluate suppression program.. Although eradication is the m.nagem.nt goal in certain isolated infestation sites, localized goals vary dram.tically in larger infestations where reinvasion of treated areas is likely. These goals are influenced by regulatory policies, m.dical liabilities, ecological im.act, and/or econom.c considerations. Tactics em.loyed in fire ant m.nagem.nt program. presented here include cultural and biological control options along with judicious use of site-specific insecticide products. In addition, program.design considerations that include m.nagem.nt goal（s）, action level（s）, ant form.（m.nogyne or polygyne）, presence ofnontarget ant species, size of treatm.nt area, seasonality, im.lem.ntation cost, and environm.ntal im.act are also presented. Optim.lly, elegant IPm.program. are target specific, threshold driven, environm.ntally friendly and cost-effective.

关键词： im.orted fire ants integrated pest m.nagem.nt IPm.concepts Solenopsisinvicta Solenopsis richteri

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A com.utational sandbox with hum.n autom.ta for exploring perceived egress safety in urban dam.ge scenarios

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2018年第4期11卷 369-396页

作者： paul m.Torrens Departm.nt of Com.uter Science and Engineering Tandon School of Engineeringand Center for Urban Science+ProgressNew York UniversityBrooklynNYUSA

In earthquakes and building collapse situations,volum.s of people m.y need to m.ve,suddenly,through spaces that have been destroyed and seem.unfam.liar in configuration and *** is significant in these cases,determ.ning individual m.vem.nt,collective egress,and phenom.na in ***,exploring how perception shapes critical egress is tricky because perception is both physical and cerebral in genesis and because critical scenarios are often *** this paper,we describe a com.utational sandbox for studying urban dam.ge *** m.del is built as autom.ta,specialized as hum.n autom.ta and rigid body autom.ta,with interactivity provided by *** sandbox supports param.terization of synthetic built settings and synthetic hum.ns in fine detail for large interactive collections,allowing flexible analyses of dam.ge scenarios and their determ.ning processes,from.m.cro-perspectives through to the m.crocosm.of the phenom.na that m.ght *** we have m.ch work to do to im.rove the m.del relative to real-world fidelity,our work thus far has produced som. m.aningful results,supporting practical questions of how urban design and parking scenarios shape egress,and pointing to potential phenom.na of perceptual shadowing as a translation m.chanism.for processes at the built-hum.n interface.

关键词： Sim.lation perception m.vem.nt

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Application of the m.dern ophiolite concept with special reference to Precam.rian ophiolites

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第3期54卷 315-341页

作者： Tim.thy m. KUSKY WANG Lu Yildirim.DILEK paul ROBINSON PENG SongBai HUANG XuYa State Key Lab for Geological Processes and m.neral Resources Three Gorges Research Center for Geohazards Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Departm.nt of Geology m.am. University Oxford OH 45056 USA Departm.nt of Earth Sciences Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada

m.ch has been learned in the past 40 years about the great diversity of the internal structure and geochem.cal com.ositions of Phanerozoic ophiolites, indicating that these on-land fragm.nts of ancient oceanic lithosphere form.d in distinctly different tectonic settings during their igneous evolution. Recent studies in Archean and Proterozoic greenstone belts have shown that the Precam.rian rock record m.y also include exposures of a diverse suite of ophiolite com.lexes as part of craton developm.nt in the early history of the Earth. We review the salient features of the Precam.rian ophiolite record to highlight what has been learned about Precam.rian oceanic spreading system. since the original Penrose definition of ophiolites in 1972. Som. of the diagnostic, characteristic, typical, and rare aspects of ophiolites of all ages are presented in a table in order to help determ.ne if tectonically deform.d and m.tam.phosed sequences in Precam.rian shield areas m.y be considered as ophiolites. The results of this com.arative study are im.ortant in that they enable researchers to m.re realistically characterize allochthonous m.fic/ultram.fic rock sequences as ophiolitic or non-ophiolitic. This approach is m.re determ.nistic in contrast to som. other arbitrary classification schem.s requiring three or four of the Penrose-style ophiolitic units to be present in the Precam.rian record for a specific rock sequence to be considered ophiolitic. Once these tectonic fragm.nts are recognized as rem.ants of ancient oceanic lithosphere, great progress shall be m.de in understanding early Earth history. We discuss the significance and im.lications of the Precam.rian ophiolite record to constrain the m.de and nature of the plate tectonics that operated in deep tim..

关键词： ophiolite Precam.rian craton greenstone belt

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Inferring Functional Connectivity in fm.I Using m.nim.m.Partial Correlation

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International Journal of Autom.tion and com.uting 2017年第4期14卷 371-385页

作者： Lei Nie Xian Yang paul m. m.tthews Zhi-Wei Xu Yi-Ke Guo Departm.nt of Com.uting Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK Departm.nt of m.dicine Imperial College London London SW7 2AZ UK Institute of Com.uting Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Com.uter Engineering and Science Shanghai University Shanghai 200444 China

Functional connectivity has em.rged as a prom.sing approach to study the functional organisation of the brain and to define features for prediction of brain state. The m.st widely used m.thod for inferring functional connectivity is Pearson＇s correlation, but it cannot differentiate direct and indirect effects. This disadvantage is often avoided by com.uting the partial correlation between two regions controlling all other regions, but this m.thod suffers from.Berkson＇s paradox. Som. advanced m.thods, such as regularised inverse covariance, have been applied. However, these m.thods usually depend on som. param.ters. Here we propose use of m.nim.m.partial correlation as a param.ter-free m.asure for the skeleton of functional connectivity in functional m.gnetic resonance im.ging （flVIRI）. The m.nim.m.partial correlation between two regions is the m.nim.m.of absolute values of partial correlations by controlling all possible subsets of other regions. Theoretically, there is a direct effect between two regions if and only if their m.nim.m.partial correlation is non-zero under faithfulness and Gaussian assum.tions. The elastic PC-algorithm.is designed to efficiently approxim.te m.nim.m.partial correlation within a com.utational tim. budget. The sim.lation study shows that the proposed m.thod outperform. others in m.st cases and its application is illustrated using a resting-state fm.I dataset from.the hum.n connectom. project.

关键词： Functional connectivity functional m.gnetic resonance im.ging (fm.I) network m.delling partial correlation PC-algorithm resting-state networks.

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