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The Black-winged Monarch(Monarcha frater):Geographic variation,taxonomy,a"new"population,and an enduring mystery in migration

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Avian Research 2023年第3期14卷 467-477页

作者： Leo joseph Julian Teh paul Sweet Phil Gregory Australian National Wildlife Collection CSIRO National Research Collections AustraliaCanberra2601Australia American Museum of Natural History New YorkUSA Sicklebill Safaris TopazQueensland4885Australia

The Black-winged Monarch(Monarcha frater)inhabits low-mid elevation forests across New Guinea and far northeastern *** its four recognized subspecies,*** is migratory,breeding in tropical north-eastern Australia from approximately November–*** non-breeding range of ***,apart from some individuals overwintering in Australia,has been unknown for>100 *** from 194 New Guinean and Australian specimens and a literature review have not solved this mystery;the narrow latitudinal range of the intratropical migration may inhibit use of GPS loggers in resolving the migration *** work in central and western parts of southern New Guinea is *** data,however,revealed an essentially overlooked population in north-western New Guinea east of the Bird's Head Peninsula phenotypically indistinguishable from nominate *** of that *** genomic analysis of the complex will be largely done from toepad skin because frozen tissue samples for DNA analysis exist only of four individuals of what we suggest should be elevated to species rank as *** discuss how genomic analysis might distinguish among alternative taxonomic hypotheses of one,two or three *** suggest English names for what we consider to be three diagnosable taxa worth recognizing at species rank in this group:Arfak Monarch corresponding to ***(Bird's Head Peninsula and the“new”population of north-western New Guinea);Pearly Monarch for ***(Australia and still unknown non-breeding range),and Masked Monarch for ***(including kunupi,elsewhere in New Guinea).

关键词： Australia Migration monarch flycatcher Monarcha frater New Guinea Taxonomy

The second brain in Parkinson’s disease: fact or fantasy?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1737-1738页

作者： Nehal Yemula paul Njoku joseph Takyi James Paget University Hospital Lowestoft Road Gorleston-on-SeaGreat YarmouthUK Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital Colney LaneNorwichUK Pinderfields Hospital Aberford WayWakefieldUK

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a movement disorder characterized by reduced dopamine levels due to degeneration of the substantia *** clinical presentation is underlined by bradykinesia,postural instability,and *** is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide,with a huge monetary *** the United States alone,it is estimated that in 2017,the total economic cost was$51.9 billion,and projected to surpass$79 billion by *** research has been conducted into the pathophysiology and clinical implications of the *** neurodegenerative disorder itself,the entity involving the brain-gut axis has been a fundamental model in understanding the disease *** so than ever in PD,the association between gut health and neurological disease is gaining momentum,with the fascinating idea of influencing neurological health by treating the gut.

关键词： degeneration clinical dopamine

Macroeconomic effects of Mobile money:evidence from Uganda

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Financial Innovation 2019年第1期5卷 387-406页

作者： joseph Mawejje paul Lakuma The World Bank JubaSouth Sudan Economic Policy Research Centre Makerere UniversityKampalaUganda.

This study examined the effects of mobile money-a recent innovation in Uganda’s financial-sector landscape-on aggregate economic activity and other macroeconomic *** first estimated the long-run mobile-money demand function using vector error correction(VEC)techniques,distinguishing between balances and transfers/*** then estimated the short-run effects of mobile money on selected macroeconomic variables using structural vector autoregressive(SVAR)*** results showed that mobile money had moderate positive effects on monetary aggregates,consumer price index,private-sector credit,and aggregate economic *** money balances responded to changes in monetary policy instruments,signaling possible ameliorating effects for the conduct of monetary ***,the results showed that transactional motives related to mobile money had stronger macroeconomic effects than savings motives.

关键词： Mobile money Monetary policy Inflation Interest rates Private-sector credit Money demand GDP Uganda

The hemodynamic management of elderly patients with sepsis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2007年第2期4卷 120-126页

作者： paul E. Marik joseph Varon Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston Texas USA

Sepsis is among the most common reason for admission to intensive care units throughout the world. In the US and most Western nations sepsis is largely a disease of the elderly. Management of elderly patients with severe sepsis is challenging. Early recognition of this syndrome, together with the early administration of appropriate antibiotics and cautious fluid resuscitation is the cornerstone of therapy. Echocardiography together with non-invasive or invasive hemodynamic monitoring is recommended in patients who have responded poorly to fluids or have significant underlying cardiac disease. This paper reviews the hemodynamic changes that characterize sepsis, particularly as they apply to elderly patients and provides recommendations for the management of these patients.

关键词： sepsis elderly septic shock fluids norepinephrine activated protein C corticosteroids ventricular function vasopressin echocardiography cardiac output

Mortality and health care burden of Budd Chiari syndrome in the United States:A nationwide analysis(1998-2017)

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World Journal of Hepatology 2021年第6期13卷 686-698页

作者： joseph J Alukal Talan Zhang paul joseph Thuluvath Institute of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases Mercy Medical CenterBaltimoreMD 21202United States Department of Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21202United States

The Budd Chiari syndrome(BCS)is a rare and potentially fatal disease,but there is a paucity of data on the in-hospital mortality as well its economic burden on the health care *** To evaluate trends in mortality,length of hospital stays and resource utilization among inpatients with *** Data on all adult patients with a diagnosis of BCS were extracted from the National Inpatient Sample(NIS)from 1998 to *** make inferences regarding the national estimates for the total number of BCS discharges across the study period,sample weights were applied to each admission per recommendations from the *** During the study period,there were 3591(8.73%)in-patient *** overall inhospital mortality rates among BCS patients decreased from 18%in 1998 to 8%in 2017;the mortality decreased by 4.41%(P<0.0001)every *** multivariate analysis,older age,higher comorbidity score,acute liver failure,acute kidney injury,acute respiratory failure,hepatic encephalopathy,hepatorenal syndrome,inferior vena cava thrombosis,intestinal infarct,sepsis/septic shock and cancer were associated increased risk of *** average of length of stay was 8.8 d and it consistently decreased by 2.04%(95%CI:-2.67%,-1.41%,P<0.001)from 12.7 d in 1998 to 7.6 d in *** average total charges after adjusted for Medical Care Consumers Price Index to 2017 dollars during the time period was$94440 and the annual percentage change increased by 1.15%(95%CI:0.35%,1.96%,P=0.005)from$95515 in 1998 to$103850 in *** The in-hospital mortality rate for patients admitted with BCS in the United States has reduced between 1998 and 2017 and this may a reflection of better management of these patients.

关键词： National Inpatient Sample Budd Chiari syndrome Mortality Length of stay Total charges

Influences of Biochar and Biochar-Mineral Complex on Mycorrhizal Colonisation and Nutrition of Wheat and Sorghum

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 686-695页

作者： paul BLACKWELL Stephen joseph paul MUNROE Hossain M.ANAWAR paul STORER Robert J.GILKES Zakaria M.SOLAIMAN Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia Geraldton Regional Office School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South WalesSydney Discipline of Chemistry University of Newcastle University of Wollongong School of Earth and Environment and UWA Institute of Agriculture The University of Western Australia Australian Mineral Fertilisers Pty Ltd. Soil Biology and Molecular Ecology Group School of Earth and Environment and UWA Institute of AgricultureThe University of Western Australia

The high price of synthetic fertilisers and the price barrier for biochar as a soil amendment have encouraged the exploration of using biochar in fertiliser replacement formulations. Biochars coupled with fertilisers can be applied at lower application rates to achieve benefits in plant growth and nutrition, as well as soil biological fertility. It is necessary to evaluate the use of biochar as a fertiliser substitute. Therefore, this study investigated the comparative influences of biochars, including Acacia saligna （AS）, Simcoa jarrah （S J） and Wundowie jarrah （W J）, mineral fertiliser with microbes （MF ＋ M）, biochar-mineral complex （BMC） and their combination on mycorrhizal colonisation, growth and nutrition of wheat in a glasshouse experiment and sorghum in field conditions. BMC ＋ MF ＋ M treatment produced higher mycorrhizal colonisation than MF ＋ M alone, indicating that BMC had a significant role in increasing mycorrhizal colonisation. SJ （treated with acetic acid） and MF ＋ M treatments, as well as AS ＋ MF ＋ M application, showed similar effects on mycorrhizal colonisation, but lower colonisation than the BMC ＋ MF ＋ M treatment. Ovcrall~ the BMC ＋ MF ＋ M treatment supported the maximum shoot, root and total plant dry weight followed by AS ＋ MF ＋ M and WJ ＋ MF ＋ M. The MF ＋ M treatment had the maximum shoot N and K concentrations, while BMC ＋ MF ＋ M application had the maximum shoot P concentration. AS ＋ MF -4- M and WJ ＋ MF ＋ M treatments supported the maximum N uptake by wheat shoots, while BMC ＋ MF ＋ M supported the maximum P uptake. The results showed that biochars and BMCs could increase mycorrhizal colonisation, plant growth and nutrient uptake of wheat, particularly N, P, K, S and Zn. The field experiment confirmed that BMC application at a rate of 300 kg ha-1 could increase the yield of irrigated sorghum on a loam soil and provide better applied P use efficiency compared to a water-soluble fertiliser alone. These results indicated that biochar-based fer

关键词： carbon sequestration nutrient uptake P use efficiency soil biological fertility wheat production

Refinement of Bouguer anomalies derived from the EGM2008 model,impact on gravimetric signatures in mountainous region:Case of Cameroon Volcanic Line,Central Africa

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2020年第6期4卷 639-650页

作者： paul Gautier Kamto Cyrille Mezoue Adiang Severin Nguiya joseph Kamguia Loudi Yap Geodesy Research Laboratory National Institute of Cartography(NIC)YaoundeCameroon Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Yaounde ICameroon Laboratory E3M Faculty of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of DoualaCameroon Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DoualaCameroon

Global geopotential models have not included the very high frequencies of the Earth’s external gravity *** is called omission *** omission error becomes more important in mountainous areas(areas with highly variable topography).The work reported here consists in reducing the omission error in measurements of Bouguer gravity anomalies,by refining the global geopotential model EGM2008 using the spectral enhancement *** method consists in computing the residual terrain effects and then coupling them to the gravimetric signal of the global geopotential *** compute the residual terrain effects,we used the Residual Terrain Model(RTM)*** refine it required a reference surface(ETOPO1)developed up to degree 2190(the maximum degree of the EGM2008 model)and a detailed elevation model(AW3D30).Computation was performed with the TC program of the GRAVSOFT *** topography of the study area was assumed to have a constant density of 2670 kg/*** the inner and outer zones,the respective integration radii of 10 km and 200 km have been *** obtained very important RTM values ranging from−53.59 to 34.79 *** values were added to the gravity anomalies grid of the EGM2008 model to improve accuracy at high *** a part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line and its surroundings(mountainous area),we made a comparison between the residual Bouguer anomalies before and after *** report differences ranging from−37.40 to 26.40 *** conclude that the impact of omission error on gravimetric signatures is observed especially in areas with high variable topography,such as on the Cameroon Volcanic Line and around the localities of Takamanda,Essu,Dumbo,and *** finding illustrates the great influence that topography has on accurate measurement of these gravity anomalies,and thus why topography must be taken into *** can conclude that in preparing a global geopotential model,a high resolution DTM must be used to decrease

关键词： residual Terrain Model EGM2008 Omission error refined Bouguer anomalies mountainous area

Impact of direct and indirect heating systems in broiler units on environmental conditions and flock performance

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第11期15卷 2588-2595页

作者： Shaun Smith joseph Meade James Gibbons Kevina Mc Gill Declan Bolton paul Whyte UCD School of Veterinary Medicine University College Dublin Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland Teagasc Ashtown Food Research Centre Ashtown Dublin 15 Ireland

This study compared the impact of three indirect heating systems to direct gas flame heaters on a selection of flock performance and environmental indicators in commercial broiler units. No statistically significant differences（P≥0.05） were found in flock mortality rates, bird weight, water consumption, stress response, carbon dioxide, ammonia, temperature, relative humidity, litter quality, within-flock Campylobacter levels or mean Campylobacter counts when flock data from any of the three indirect heating systems were compared to flocks reared in houses with direct heating systems. Differences in litter quality were observed between upper and lower litter layers in all houses, regardless of heating type, which may have implications for bird health and welfare. Carbon dioxide concentrations in houses with direct heating systems were significantly higher than those in houses with indirect heating systems during the first 10 days of bird life（P≤0.05）. This was due to the increased use of heating systems during this period of the flock cycle. Differences in CO2 concentrations had no effect on flock performance, possibly due to the fact that concentrations did not exceed known safe levels. A statistically significant increase in stress response was observed in birds as a result of partial depopulation（thinning） within houses, irrespective of heating system type used（P≤0.05）. Stress associated with thinning may have consequences for bird welfare and food safety. In conclusion, the results of our study suggest that indirect heating systems do not appear to negatively impact on flock performance, stress response, within-flock Campylobacter levels or mean Campylobacter counts and do not appear to significantly alter environmental conditions within broiler houses when compared to houses equipped with direct heating systems. Indirect systems are a viable alternative for heating broiler houses in terms of flock performance, bird welfare and food safety.

关键词： litter quality welfare stress poultry production campylobacter environmental conditions

Hydrocortisone, ascorbic acid and thiamine for sepsis: Is the jury out?

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World Journal of Diabetes 2020年第4期11卷 90-94页

作者： paul Ellis Marik joseph Varon Salim R Surani Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Eastern Virginia Medical SchoolNorfolkVA 23507United States Department of Critical Care United Memorial Medical ServiceHoustonTX 77030United States Texas A and M University Corpus ChristiTX 78413United States

Sepsis and septic shock remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients admitted in the intensive care *** is a major risk factor for the development of *** global mortality of sepsis remains high,despite significant interventions and *** has been known for decades that patients with sepsis have reduced levels of antioxidants,most notably vitamin ***,experimental data has demonstrated multiple beneficial effects of vitamin C in *** addition,corticosteroids and thiamine may have synergistic biological effects together with vitamin *** data suggests that therapy with hydrocortisone,ascorbic acid and thiamine improves the outcome of patients with sepsis with the potential to save millions of ***,this intervention has met with much resistance and has not been widely ***,we await the final jury verdict on this simple,safe and cheap intervention.

关键词： Diabetes Vitamin C Ascorbic acid Sepsis Thiamine Septic shock Global burden of disease