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Micro Gas Turbine Range Extender Performance Analysis Using Varying Intake Temperature

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Automotive Innovation 2020年第4期3卷 356-365页

作者： Raja Mazuir Raja Ahsan Shah Mansour Al Qubeissi Andrew McGordon Mark Amor‑Segan paul jennings Faculty of Engineering Environment and ComputingCoventry UniversityCoventry CV12JHUK Warwick Manufacturing Group University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK

A micro gas turbine(MGT)can potentially be an alternative power source to the conventional internal combustion engine as a range extender in hybrid electric *** integration of the MGT into a hybrid vehicle needs a new approach for technical validation requirements compared to the testing of an internal combustion *** attributes of the MGT are predicted to cause concerns for vehicle sub-system requirements such as high ambient temperature and start-stop *** paper describes the results from specially developed experimental techniques for testing the MGT in a typical automo-tive environment.A black box MGT was used in this study for performance investigation during hot and cold *** MGT was instrumented and fitted with automotive standard components to replicate typical vehicle operational *** intake air temperature was varied between 10 and 24°C.A significant reduction in the power output of the MGT was observed as the intake temperature was *** proposed case scenario caused a reduction in nitrogen oxide emis-sions in the range of 0.02−0.04 g/km because of the lower combustion temperature at high intake ***,hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions have not shown a noticeable reduction during the power output *** experimental results have highlighted the potential issues of using the MGT at higher intake temperatures and suggest design change to take the effect of higher engine bay temperature into account.

关键词： Micro gas turbine Hybrid vehicle Range extender Test characterization

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Pink Bow Tie

考试与评价（英语高二专刊） 2017年第3期 44-45页

作者： paul jennings 董瑾玉不详吉林长春

Accuracy of two optical chlorophyll meters in predicting chemical composition and in vitro ruminal organic matter degradability of Brachiaria hybrid,Megathyrsus maximus, and Paspalum atratum

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第1期3卷 67-76页

作者： Martin P.Hughes Victor Mlambo Cicero H.O.Lallo Nasreldin A.D.Basha Ignatius V.Nsahlai paul G.A.jennings Department of Food Production Faculty of Food and AgricultureUniversity of the West Indies Department of Animal Science School of Agricultural SciencesFaculty of AgricultureScience and TechnologyNorth-West University Open Tropical Forage-Animal Production Laboratory Department of Food ProductionFaculty of Food and AgricultureUniversity of the West Indies Department of Animal & Poultry Science School of AgriculturalEarth and Environmental SciencesCollege of AgricultureEngineering and ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal Department of Animal Nutrition Faculty of Animal Production Shampat CampusUniversity of Khartoum MARJEN Consulting Group

The objective of this study was to determine the accuracy and reliability of 2 optical chlorophyll meters:FieldScout CM 1,000 NDVI and Yara N-Tester, in predicting neutral detergent fibre(NDF), acid detergent fibre(ADF), acid detergent lignin(ADL), acid detergent insoluble nitrogen(ADIN) and in vitro ruminal organic matter degradability(IVOMD) of 3 tropical grasses. Optical chlorophyll measurements were taken at 3 stages(4, 8 and 12 weeks) of regrowth in Brachiaria hybrid, and Megathyrsus maximus and at 6 and 12 weeks of regrowth in Paspalum atratum(cv. Ubon). Optical chlorophyll measurements showed the highest correlation(r = 0.57 to 0.85) with NDF concentration. The FieldScout CM 1,000 NDVI was better than the Yara N-Tester in predicting NDF(R^2 = 0.70) and ADF(R^2 = 0.79) concentrations in Brachiaria hybrid and NDF(R^2 = 0.79) in M. maximus. Similarly, FieldScout CM 1,000 NDVI produced better estimates of 24 h IVOMD(IVOMD_(24 h)) in Brachiaria hybrid(R^2 = 0.81) and IVOMD_(48 h) in Brachiaria hybrid(R^2 = 0.65) and M. maximus(R^2 = 0.75). However, these prediction models had relatively low concordance correlation coefficients, i.e., CCC >0.90, but random errors were the main source of bias. It was,therefore, concluded that both optical chlorophyll meters were poor and unreliable predictors of ADIN and ADL concentrations. Overall, the FieldScout CM 1,000 NDVI shows potential to produce useful estimates of IVOMD_(24h) and ADF in Brachiaria hybrid and IVOMD_(48 h) and NDF concentrations in M. maximus.

关键词： Optical chlorophyll measurements Chemical composition Prediction model Tropical grass

追忆著名工程学教授乔治·W·豪斯纳(George ***,1910～2008)

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世界地震译丛 2009年第4期40卷 80-84页

作者： paul C.jennings 柳百琪中国地震局地球物理研究所

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为减轻现有建筑物震害而制定的城市建筑规范

世界地震工程 1982年第Z1期 73-76页

作者： George W.Housner paul C.jennings 卢荣俭

引言本世纪初在加州发生的破坏性地震,包括1906年旧金山地震和1925年 SantaBabara 地震使一些工程师注意到强地震动给予建筑物的灾难,但并未使政府官员

关键词：建筑物洛杉矶市建筑规范抗震标准震害地震灾害

The development of laboratory animal legislation in the UK

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中国比较医学杂志 2013年第1期23卷 59-61页

作者： paul Littlefair Maggy jennings Barney Reed RSPCA International Wilberforce WaySouthwaterHorsham RH13 9RSWest SussexUK Research Animals Department RSPCAWilberforce WaySouthwaterHorsham RH13 9RSWest SussexUK

The United Kingdom was the first country to pass legislation on the use of animals in scientific research, and is currently seen as having among the strongest laboratory animal regulations in the world. This brief paper will focus on three features which have characterised recent developments in laboratory animal welfare in the UK: the regulatory framework for laboratory animal use,the influence of public opinion on animal experimentation, and the importance of ethical review in weighing harms and benefits. Finally,attention will be given to the likely impact of the new European Union( EU) Directive.

关键词：基础医学呼吸生理呼吸运动人体生理学

Refining scientific procedures involving animals to reduce suffering and improve scientific validity

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中国比较医学杂志 2013年第1期23卷 50-58页

作者： Elliot Lilley Penny Hawkins Maggy jennings paul Littlefair Nikki Osborne Barney Reed Research Animals Department RSPCA Wilberforce Way Southwater Horsham RH13 9RS RSPCA International RSPCA Wilberforce Way Southwater Horsham RH13 9RS

Refinement of procedures and models that use living animals makes a real difference to scientific validity,data quality and animal welfare. Refinements can be small and iterative and are frequently introduced without a premeditated plan,as part of general procedure development. Whilst this is encouraging, integrating refinement into experimental design is critical to reduction of suffering. A well put together welfare assessment protocol,established through a detailed analysis of each step of the model or procedure,is a very important tool for implementing refinements. This paper will give practical steps for identification of suffering in animals used for scientific purposes and provide examples of refinements to reduce suffering and improve welfare.

关键词：基础医学人体生理学呼吸生理呼吸运动

Gut sterilization in experimental colitis leukocyte mediated colon injury, and effects on angiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第1期3卷 12-24页

作者： Mihir Patel Justin Olinde Allison Tatum Chaitanya V. Ganta Walter E. Cromer Ankur R. Sheth Merilyn H. jennings J. Michael Mathis Traci Testerman paul A. Jordan Kenneth Manas Christopher P. Monceaux J. Steven Alexander Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA

Inappropriate responses to normal commensal bacteria trigger immune activation in both inflammatory bowel disease and experimental colitis. How gut flora contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is unclear, but may involve entrapment of leukocytes and remodeling of the vascular system. Here we evaluated how the progression and tissue remodeling in experimental colitis differ in a germ- free model of mouse colitis. Four treatment groups were used: control, antibiotic-treated (ABX), dextran sulfate colitis (DSS) and DSS pre- and co-treated with antibiotics (DSS + ABX). In days 0 - 3 of the study, germ-free mice received antibiotics (vancomycin, neomycin, and metronidazole). During the next 11 days, antibiotics were continued and DSS (3%) added to “colitis” groups. Disease activity, weight, stool form and blood were monitored daily. Mice were sacrificed and tissue samples harvested. Histopathological scores in controls (0.00) and in ABX (1.0+/–0.81) were significantly (p –0). Extents of injury, inflammation and crypt damage were all improved in DSS + ABX. The Disease Activity Index score (day 11) was significantly worse in the DSS group compared to the DSS + ABX group. Stool blood and form scores were also significantly improved among these groups. Importantly, myeloper- oxidase was significantly reduced in DSS + ABX, indicating that neutrophil infiltration was blocked. Colitis was associated with an increase in blood and lymphatic vessels;both of these events were also significantly reduced by gut sterilization. Our experiment shows that clinical and histopathological severity of colitis was significantly worse in the DSS colitis group compared to the DSS + ABX group, supporting the hypothesis that development of IBD is likely to be less severe with appropriate antibiotic treatment. In particular, gut sterilization effectively reduces leuko- cyte-dependent (PMN) injury to improve outcomes and may be an important target for therapy.

关键词： Crohn’s Disease Antibiotics Myeloperoxidase Lymphatics Angiogenesis

<i>Helicobacter</i>infection decreases basal colon inflammation, but increases disease activity in experimental IBD

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第3期3卷 177-189页

作者： Christopher P. Monceaux Traci L. Testerman Moheb Boktor paul Jordan Patrick Adegboyega David J. McGee Merilyn H. jennings Courtney P. Parker Shelly Gupta Ping Yi Vijay C. Ganta Haidy Galous Kenneth Manas J. Steven Alexander Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Microbiology and Immunology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA Department of Pathology LSU Health Shreveport Shreveport USA

Background: Helicobacter species are best known for their roles in the pathology of gastritis;however, several Helicobacter species also colonize the intestine, and less is known about effects of Helicobacter on the development of intestinal inflammation. To evaluate contributions of Helicobacter in inflammatory bowel disease, we investigated whether and how pre-existing intestinal colonization would affect disease severity and biomarkers of inflammation in experimental IBD. Materials and Methods: Mice were infected with H. muridarum 2 weeks prior to induction of colitis mediated by 3% dextran sulfate (DSS). Disease activity index, stool blood and consistency, colon length, myeloperoxidase, histopathology, blood and lymphatic vessels, and numbers of dilated mucosal crypts were measured in control, DSS-only, H. muridarum-infected, and H. muridarum-infected + DSS mice. Results: Prior to DSS challenge, H. muridarum-infected mice showed little distal gut injury by several indices of colon inflammation with decreased blood vessel density in the submucosa, and lower lymphatic density in the mucosa and submucosa. However, after DSS colitis, H. muridarum-infected mice exhibited significantly greater disease. Weight change, stool bleeding, diarrhea, and angiogenesis were all increased in H. muridarum-infected mice in DSS colitis compared to DSS controls. Conclusions: Our data show that Helicobacter colonization of the intestine, unlike that of the stomach, lowers basal gut inflammatory scores, but increases disease activity and inflammation in an acute colitis model. Intestinal Helicobacter infection may therefore represent a significant sub-clinical factor which predisposes the gut to inflammatory injury.

关键词： Helicobacter Colon Lymphatics Crohn’s Disease Ulcerative Colitis