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A rational preparation strategy of phase tuned MoO_(3) nanostructures for high-performance all-solid asymmetric supercapacitor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第12期87卷 192-206,I0006页

作者： M.Kundu D.Mondal i.Mondal A.Baral P.Halder S.Biswas B.K.paul N.Bose R.Basu S.Das Department of Physics Jadavpur UniversityKolkata 700032India Department of Physics Jogamaya Devi CollegeKolkata 700026India Rescon india Pvt.Ltd Kolkata 700034India School of Advanced Materials Green Energy and Sensor Systems(SAMGESS)IIESTShibpurHowrah 711103India Bangabasi College Kolkata 700009India University of Engineering and Management Kolkata 700160India

in this work,phase and morphology-tuned MoO_(3) nanostructures are synthesized through a novel modified co-precipitation method,and their electrochemical properties are *** the first time,such a simple surfactant-assisted synthesis process aided by minor temperature variations is reported which results in phase transition of the nanoparticles from h-MoO_(3) nano-rods to a-MoO_(3) *** nanostructures thus developed are highly porous and crystalline with significantly large specific surface area as compared to previous *** theoretical bandgap energy of the optimized sample calculated using Perdew-Zunger local density approximation(LDA) is in good agreement with the experimental *** overall structural,morphological,and surface-behavioural analysis predicts the electrochemical superiority in 2D a-MoO_(3).The cyclic voltammetry and galvano-potentiometry measurements of 2D a-MoO_(3) in the potential window of-0.6 V to +0.2 V present the highest pseudosupercapacitive response with a maximum specific capacitance of 829 F g^(-1)at 2 A g^(-1)as compared to h-MoO_(3) (452 F g^(-1)) and h@a-MoO_(3) (783 F g^(-1)).Thus,the MoO_(3) 2D nanostructures synthesized through our novel synthesis technique display excellent specific capacitance as compared to previous reported ***,a-MoO_(3) exhibits a galvanostatic charging-discharging cyclic stability of about 91%after 2000 cycles,indicating that it can serve as an excellent electrode material for supercapacitors.A solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor device is successfully constructed using a-MoO_(3) which can light up 4 red LEDs for 10 *** specific energy density of the device reaches a maximum value of 36.3 W h kg^(-1)at the power density of 50 W kg^(-1).

关键词： MoO_(3)nanoparticles Asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor Electrochemical performance Low-temperature novel synthesis technique Density functional calculations

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A PROBABiLiSTiC CHARACTERiZATiON OF A FAULT-TOLERANT GOSSiPiNG ALGORiTHM

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2009年第1期22卷 88-108页

作者： paul PARKER Department of Computer Science University of Texas at San Antonio One UTSA Circle

Gossiping is a popular technique for probabilistic reliable multicast （or broadcast）. However, it is often difficult to understand the behavior of gossiping algorithms in an analytic fashion. indeed, existing analyses of gossip algorithms are either based on simulation or based on ideas borrowed from epidemic models while inheriting some features that do not seem to be appropriate for the setting of gossiping. On one hand, in epidemic spreading, an infected node typically intends to spread the infection an unbounded number of times （or rounds）; whereas in gossiping, an infected node （i.e., a node having received the message in question） may prefer to gossip the message a bounded number of times. On the other hand, the often assumed homogeneity in epidemic spreading models （especially that every node has equal contact to everyone else in the population） has been silently inherited in the gossiping literature, meaning that an expensive mcnlbership protocol is often needed for maintaining nodes＇ views. Motivated by these observations, the authors present a characterization of a popular class of fault-tolerant gossip schemes （known as ＂push-based gossiping＂） based on a novel probabilistic model, while taking the afore-mentioned factors into consideration.

关键词： Fault-tolerance gossip probabilistic broadcast reliable multicast.

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Challenges to quantitative applications of Landsat observations for the urban thermal environment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第9期29卷 80-88页

作者： Feng Chen Song Yang Kai Yin paul Chan School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China institute of Earth Climate and Environment System Sun Yat-sen UniversityOuangzhou 510275China Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing.for Smart City Xiarnen UniversityXiarnen 361005China institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10094China Climate Decision LLC BethesdaMDUSA

Since the launch of its first satellite in 1972, the Landsat program has operated continuously for more than forty years. A large data archive collected by the Landsat program significantly benefits both the academic community and society. Thermal imagery from Landsat sensors, provided with relatively high spatial resolution, is suitable for monitoring urban thermal environment. Growing use of Landsat data in monitoring urban thermal environment is demonstrated by increasing publications on this subject, especially over the last decade. Urban thermal environment is usually delineated by land surface temperature（LST）. However, the quantitative and accurate estimation of LST from Landsat data is still a challenge, especially for urban areas. This paper will discuss the main challenges for urban LST retrieval, including urban surface emissivity, atmospheric correction, radiometric calibration, and validation. in addition, we will discuss general challenges confronting the continuity of quantitative applications of Landsat observations. These challenges arise mainly from the scan line corrector failure of the Landsat 7 ETM ＋ and channel differences among sensors. Based on these investigations, the concerns are to：（1） show general users the limitation and possible uncertainty of the retrieved urban LST from the single thermal channel of Landsat sensors;（2） emphasize efforts which should be done for the quantitative applications of Landsat data; and（3） understand the potential challenges for the continuity of Landsat observation（i.e., thermal infrared） for global change monitoring, while several climate data record programs being in progress.

关键词： Remote sensing Radiometric calibration SLC-off Surface temperature Data consistency

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Assessing Gravel Roads Condition to Examine Trends and Behaviors of Gravel Roads in Rural Areas in Kyela District

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第11期10卷 50-63页

作者： paul Sango Mwajuma i. Lingwanda Gislar Kifanyi Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering and Technology Mbeya University of Science and Technology Mbeya Tanzania

Gravel roads are an economical choice where traffic volume is low. Many gravel roads were constructed in rural areas in the Kyela district and they were well-served for many years. Besides the gravel roads, the main challenge faced is the issue of unpaved road condition deterioration by the behaviors of road materials. The study selected three gravel rural roads with a total of 31.24 kilometers as constructed roads to gravel standard. The aim of this study was to assess gravel roads condition to examine trends and behaviors of gravel roads in rural areas. A descriptive analysis was conducted to determine trends and behaviors of gravel roads. The methods used to collect data were observation and physical measurement. The results show that there was more than one road distress identified and assessed on each study road. it was noted that all the study roads had excellent to poor distress conditions associated with poor road materials and lack of maintenance. This study recommended that road authorities improve the current condition by avoiding the use of poor road materials in order to reduce surface deterioration associated.

关键词： Unpaved Road Condition Road Material Gravel Road Road Distresses

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Optical characterization of nano-sized organic carbon particles emitted from a small gasoline engine

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Particuology 2013年第3期11卷 249-255页

作者： Bireswar paul Amitava Datta Aparna Datta Abhijit Saha Department of Power Engineering Jadavpur University UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research

The nano-sized organic carbon （NOC） particles emitted from a small gasoline engine were characterized using various ex situ optical techniques to assess their hazardous impact. The exhaust gas was sampled iso-kinetically by a quartz probe and passed through de-ionized water to gather the hydrophilic car- bonaceous particulates as hydrosol. The hydrodynamic diameter of the particles ranged between 1.7 and 3.6 nm at no load, with a mean diameter of 2.4 nm. The particle size in the engine exhaust was found to increase at higher loads, which is attributed to coagulation of the particles. The chemical structure of the particles was analyzed using UV-vis and infra-red spectroscopy. Both the band gap energy and oscillator strength data evaluated from the UV-vis absorbance showed that the NOC particles contained polyaromatic hydrocarbon structures with three to five aromatic rings. infra-red spectroscopy analysis further confirmed the presence of aliphatic and carbonyl functionalities in the aromatic structures of the particles. The fine size of the particles, their high number concentration for the type of the engine under study and their structural features, make the particles extremely hazardous for environment and health.

关键词： Gasoline engine Combustion Emission Carbon nano-particle Characterization

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Technical challenges in tackling regulatory concerns for urban atmospheric nanoparticles

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Particuology 2011年第6期9卷 566-571页

作者： Prashant Kumar Alan Robins Sotiris Vardoulakis paul Quincey Division of Civil Chemical and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences(FEPS)University of Surrey Environmental Flow(EnFlo)Research Centre FEPSUniversity of Surrey Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental HazardsHealth Protection Agency Analytical Science Division National Physical Laboratory

Recent Euro 5 and Euro 6 vehicle emission standards are the first ever initiative to control particles on a number basis at the source. Related standards are also desirable for ambient nanoparticles （taken in this article to be those below 300 rim） to protect against possible adverse effects on public health and the environment. However, there are a number of technical challenges that need to be tackled before developing a regulatory framework for atmospheric nanoparticles. Some of the challenges derive from a lack of standardisation of the key measurement parameters, including sampling, necessary for robust evaluation of particle number concentrations, especially in the context of insufficient knowledge of the physicochemical characteristics of emerging sources （i.e. bio-fuel derived and manufactured nanoparti- cles）. ideally, ambient concentrations of primary particles could be linked to primary particle emissions by use of nanoparticle dispersion models, and secondary nanoparticles using photochemical modeling tools. The limitations in these areas are discussed. Although there is inadequate information on the exact biological mechanism through which these particles cause harm, it is argued that this should not in itself delay the introduction of regulation. This article reviews the missing links between the existing knowledge of nanoparticle number concentrations and the advances required to tackle the technical challenges implied in developing regulations.

关键词： Airborne and manufactured nanoparticles Particle number concentrations Size distributions Street canyons Ultrafine particles Vehicle emissions

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Uses of probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy:Responses to a question to practitioners

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第42期17卷 4739-4740页

作者： Navin paul Kevin A Ghassemi Division of Digestive Diseases Department of MedicineDavid Geffen School of Medicineat UCLA

Confocal laser endomicroscopy is a novel imaging technology,which allows realtime visualization and inter-pretation of microscopic details in live tissues. Although several potential uses have been identified for this technology,no data are available regarding its real-worlduses. We report the results of an email-based survey of experts in North America regarding their use of the technology.

关键词： Confocal laser endomicroscopy Expert opinlon

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Hyponatremia in cirrhosis:Pathophysiology and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第11期21卷 3197-3205页

作者： Savio John paul J Thuluvath Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineSUNY Upstate Medical University University of Maryland School of Medicine and Mercy Medical Center

Hyponatremia is frequently seen in patients with ascites secondary to advanced cirrhosis and portal *** development of ascites in patients with cirrhosis is *** hypertension and the associated systemic vasodilation lead to activation of the sodium-retaining neurohumoral mechanisms which include the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system,sympathetic nervous system and antidiuretic hormone(ADH).The net effect is the avid retention of sodium and water to compensate for the low effective circulatory volume resulting in the development of *** not apparent in the early stages of cirrhosis,the progression of cirrhosis and ascites leads to impairment of the kidneys to eliminate solutefree *** leads to additional compensatory mechanisms including non-osmotic secretion of ADH,also known as arginine vasopressin,further worsening excess water retention and thereby *** is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis,and is an important prognostic marker both before and after liver *** management of hyponatremia in this setting is a challenge as conventional therapy for hyponatremia including fluid restriction and loop diuretics are frequently *** this review,we discuss the pathophysiology and various treatment modalities,including selective vasopressin receptor antagonists,for the management of hyponatremia in patients with cirrhosis.

关键词： Hyponatremia in cirrhosis Dilutional hypo-natremia

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Viral hepatitis:Past,present,and future

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第14期28卷 1405-1429页

作者： Matthew August Odenwald Sonali paul Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyHepatologyand NutritionCenter for Liver DiseasesUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States

Each hepatitis virus—Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E,and G—poses a distinct scenario to the patient and clinician *** the discovery of each virus,extensive knowledge regarding epidemiology,virologic properties,and the natural clinical and immunologic history of acute and chronic infections has been *** discoveries about host immunologic responses to acute and chronic viral infections,combined with virologic data,has led to vaccines to prevent Hepatitis A,B,and E and highly efficacious antivirals for Hepatitis B and *** therapeutic breakthroughs are transforming the fields of hepatology,transplant medicine in general,and public and global *** notably,there is even an ambitious global effort to eliminate chronic viral hepatitis within the next *** attainable,there are many barriers to this goal that are being actively investigated in basic and clinical labs on the local,national,and international ***,we discuss pertinent clinical information and recent organizational guidelines for each of the individual hepatitis viruses while also synthesizing this information with the latest research to focus on exciting future directions for each virus.

关键词： Viral Hepatitis Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Hepatitis E Hepatitis G

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Mind, Consciousness, and Free Will

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Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2018年第3期13卷 377-393页

作者： paul Thagard Department of Philosophy University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G 1 Canada

This commentary discusses how philosophy and science can collaborate to understand the human mind, considering dialogues involving three philosophers and three cognitive scientists. Their topics include the relation of philosophy and science, the nature of mind, the problem of consciousness, and the existence of free will. i argue that philosophy is more general and normative than science, but they are interdependent. Philosophy can build on the cognitive sciences to develop a theory of mind i call ＂multilevel materialism,＂ which integrates molecular, neural, mental, and social mechanisms. Consciousness is increasingly being understood as resulting from neural mechanisms. Scientific advances make the traditional concept of free will implausible, but ＂freeish＂ will is consistent with new theories of decision making and action resulting from brain processes. Philosophers should work closely with scientists to address profound problems about knowledge, reality, and values.

关键词： cognitive science consciousness free will intuition materialism mind philosophy science

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