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CO_(2)enrichment accelerates successional development of.an understory plant community

Journal of.Plant Ecology 2010年第1期3卷 33-39页

作者： Lara Souza R.Travis Belote paul Kardol Jake f.Weltzin Richard J.Norby Environmental Sciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryBuilding 1062PO Box 2008Oak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of.Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 569 Dabney HallUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA The Wilderness Society 503 West Mendenhall St BozemanMT 59715USA USA National Phenology Network National Coordinating officeTucsonAZ 85721USA

Aims Rising concentrations of.atmospheric carbon dioxide([CO_(2)])may inf.uence f.rest successional development and species composition of.understory plant communities by altering biomass production of.plant species of.f.nctional ***,we describe how elevated[CO_(2)](eCO_(2))af.ects aboveground biomass within the understory community of.a temperate deciduous f.rest at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory sweetgum(Liquidambar styracif.ua)f.ee-air carbon dioxide enrichment(f.CE)f.cility in eastern Tennessee,*** asked if.i)CO_(2)enrichment af.ected total understory biomass and(ii)whether total biomass responses could be explained by changes in understory species composition or changes in relative abundance of.f.nctional groups through *** and methods The f.CE experiment started in 1998 with three rings receiving ambient[CO_(2)](aCO_(2))and two rings receiving eCO_(2).f.om 2001 to 2003,we estimated species-specif.c,woody versus herbaceous and total aboveground biomass by harvesting f.ur 130.5-m subplots within the established understory plant community in each f.CE *** 2008,we estimated herbaceous biomass as previously but used allometric relationships to estimate woody biomass across two 535-m quadrats in each f.CE *** f.ndings Across years,aboveground biomass of.the understory community was on average 25%greater in eCO_(2)than in aCO_(2)*** could not detect dif.erences in plant species composition between aCO_(2)and eCO_(2)***,we did observe shif.s in the relative abundance of.plant f.nctional groups,which ref.ect important structural changes in the understory *** 2001-03,little of.the understory biomass was in woody species;herbaceous species made up 94%of.the total understory biomass across[CO_(2)]*** time,woody species increased in importance,mostly in eCO_(2),and in 2008,the contribution of.herbaceous species to total understory biomass was 61%in aCO_(2)and only 33%in eCO_(2)***

关键词： community composition f.CE aboveground biomass woody herbaceous sweetgum Microstegium vimineum Lonicera japonica

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Research e-inf.astructures f.r open science: The national example of.CSTCloud in China

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Data Intelligence 2023年第2期5卷 355-369页

作者： Lili Zhang Jianhui Li paul f.Uhlir Liangming Wen Kaichao Wu Ze Luo Yude Liu Computer Network Inf.rmation Center Chinese Academy of Sciences100190China Consultant Information Policy and ManagementCallicoonNY12723USA

This paper f.cuses on research e-inf.astructures in the open science *** analyze some of.the challenges and opportunities of.cloud-based science and introduce an example of.a national solution in the China Science and Technology Cloud(CSTCloud).We selected three CSTCloud use cases in deploying open science modules,including scalable engineering in astronomical data management,integrated Earth-science resources f.r SDG-13 decision making,and the coupling of.citizen science and artif.cial intelligence(AI)techniques in *** conclude with a f.recast on the f.ture development of.research e-inf.astructures and introduce the idea of.the Global Open Science Cloud(GOSC).We hope this analysis can provide some insights into the f.ture development of.research e-inf.astructures in support of.open science.

关键词： Open science Open science cloud Research e-inf.astructure Open science inf.astructures Global Open Science Cloud Initiative

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A Study of.the Microbial Community at the Interf.ce between Granite Bedrock and Soil Using a Culture-Independent and Culture-Dependent Approach

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第3期6卷 233-245页

作者： Karen Olsson-f.ancis Victoria K. Pearson paul f. Schof.eld Anna Oliver Stephen Summers Department of.Environment Earth and Ecosystems The Open University Walton Hall Milton Keynes UK Department of.Physical Sciences The Open University Walton Hall Milton Keynes UK Department of.Earth Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London UK NERC Centre f.r Ecology and Hydrology Benson Lane Crowmarsh Gifford Wallingford UK Department of.Engineering and Innovation The Open University Walton Hall Milton Keynes UK

The dissolution of.minerals plays an important role in the f.rmation of.soils and sediments. In nutrient limiting soils, minerals constitute a major reservoir of.bio-essential cations. Of.particular interest is granite as it is the major rock type of.the continental land mass. Although certain bacteria have been shown to enhance weathering of.granite-f.rming minerals, little is known about the dissolution of.granite, at the whole rock scale, and the microbial community involved. In this study, both culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches were used to study the bacterial community at the interf.ce between granite bedrock and nutrient limiting soil in Dartmoor National Park, United Kingdom. High throughput sequencing demonstrated that over 70% of.the bacterial population consisted of.the bacterial classes Bacilli, Beta-proteobacteria and Gamma-proteo-bacteria. Bacteria belonging to the genera Serratia, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Chromo-bacterium and Burkholderia were isolated f.om the sample site. All of.the isolates were able to grow in a minimal growth medium, which contained glucose and ammonium chloride, with granite as the sole source of.bio-essential elements. Sixty six percent of.the isolates signif.cantly enhanced basalt dissolution (p f.Si, K, Ca and Mg correlated with production of.oxalic acid and acidif.cation. The results of.this study suggest that microorganisms in nutrient limiting soils can enhance the rate of.granite dissolution, which is an important part of.the biogeochemical cycle.

关键词： Mineral Weathering Soil Community

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Vertebral Osteomyelitis Due to <i>Candida</i>Species: A Cohort Study and Review of.the Literature

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Open Journal of.Orthopedics 2013年第2期3卷 81-89页

作者： Amanda Ramos paul M. Huddleston Robin Patel Emily Vetter Elie f. Berbari Department of.Laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Department of.Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Division of.Inf.ctious Diseases Mayo Clinic Rochester USA. Mayo Medical School Mayo Clinic Rochester USA

Objective: To describe the demographics and outcome of.patients with candidal vertebral osteomyelitis (CVO). CVO is a rare and f.equently misdiagnosed condition. It may lead to destruction of.the vertebral bodies, spinal cord compression and neurological def.cits. Methods: The medical records of.all patients diagnosed with CVO at our institution between 01/01/1990-12/31/2009 were reviewed. The cumulative probability of.treatment success was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier survival method. Patients were f.llowed until death, f.ilure, or loss of.f.llow-up. Results: Nine patients developed CVO during the 20 year study period. The cervical spine was involved in 5 cases. Seven patients presented with mechanical-type pain, while 2 patients had an elevated temperature at diagnosis. A contiguous inf.ction between the upper airways and the cervical spine was present in 4 patients. One patient presented with concomitant candidemia. Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida glabrata were cultured in 3 of.9 cases respectively. Eight of.9 were treated with azole-based therapy. Patients were f.llowed f.r an average of.20 months (range 1 - 75 months). The cumulative incidence of.success was 66% ± 19% at 1 year and 55% ± 20% at 2 years of.f.llow-up. Conclusions: CVO presents insidiously and is associated with a long duration of.symptoms. It most f.equently af.ects the cervical spine and is associated with a poor outcome.

关键词： Vertebral Osteomyelitis Candida Back Pain Antif.ngal Therapy

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Analyzing machine learning models to accelerate generation of.f.ndamental materials insights

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 858-866页

作者： Mitsutaro Umehara Helge S.Stein Dan Guevarra paul f.Newhouse David A.Boyd John M.Gregoire Joint Center f.r Artif.cial Photosynthesis California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91125USA f.ture Mobility Research Department Toyota Research Institute of North AmericaAnn ArborMI 48105USA

Machine learning f.r materials science envisions the acceleration of.basic science research through automated identif.cation of.key data relationships to augment human interpretation and gain scientif.c understanding.A primary role of.scientists is extraction of.f.ndamental knowledge f.om data,and we demonstrate that this extraction can be accelerated using neural networks via analysis of.the trained data model itself.rather than its application as a prediction *** neural networks excel at modeling complex data relationships in multi-dimensional parameter spaces,such as that mapped by a combinatorial materials science *** a perf.rmance metric in a given materials space provides direct inf.rmation about(locally)optimal materials but not the underlying materials science that gives rise to the variation in *** building a model that predicts perf.rmance(in this case photoelectrochemical power generation of.a solar f.els photoanode)f.om materials parameters(in this case composition and Raman signal),subsequent analysis of.gradients in the trained model reveals key data relationships that are not readily identif.ed by human inspection or traditional statistical *** interpretation of.these key relationships produces the desired f.ndamental understanding,demonstrating a f.amework in which machine learning accelerates data interpretation by leveraging the expertize of.the human *** also demonstrate the use of.neural network gradient analysis to automate prediction of.the directions in parameter space,such as the addition of.specif.c alloying elements,that may increase perf.rmance by moving beyond the conf.nes of.existing data.

关键词： neural prediction desired

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Evaluation of.Diabetic Rats Behavior af.er Treatment by <i>Artemisia herba-alba</i>Relative to Insulin

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Journal of.Diabetes Mellitus 2017年第1期7卷 1-11页

作者： Yahia M. Bushara Abdelhay Mohammed Ali Mohammed A. Ali Omer John Gergis Gouda paul f. Seke Tet Mohamed f. Mohamed Department of.Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Al-Neelain University Khartoum Sudan Department of.Basic Health Sciences & Radiologic Technology College of Applied Medical Science Qassim University Buraidah KSA Department of.Anatomy Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Khartoum Khartoum Sudan Department of.Anatomy College of Veterinary Medicine King Faisal University Hofuf KSA Department of.Radiation Therapy College of Medical Radiologic Science Sudan University of Science & Technology Khartoum Sudan

The aim of.the study was to evaluate the behavioral signs of.diabetic rats af.er treatment by Artemisia herba-alba (AHA) and insulin. Method: Based on the induction of.diabetes in wistar rats by intraperitoneal (I/P) injection of.60 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ), then treated by AHA as 20 mg (I/P) and insulin subcutaneously (S/C). The samples of.rats were: 1) Diabetic control, 2) Injected with insulin, 3) Injected with AHA, 4) Non diabetic rats, which were f.stered f.r 21 day;then weighted and the behavioral tests were conducted. Results: The board hole tests (BHT) showed that: the induced diabetes reduced the cognition of.the rats in view of.Latency of.the f.rst Head Dipping (Lf.D) in seconds, number of.head dipping (NHD) and duration of.head dipping (DHD) by 49.3%, while it’s improved in AHA and insulin treated rats by 52% and 69% in average respectively. The exploratory activity reduced in diabetic rats by 36%, while AHA and Insulin treated rats increased by 53% and 72% respectively. The rearing test showed an increase of.anxiety among diabetic in f.rm of.duration of.rearing, number of.rearing and time spend in center by 51.7% in average respectively, while the anxiety reduced af.er treatment by AHA and insulin by 39% and 47.3% in average respectively. Also the diabetes increased the depression state by 106%, while the treatment by AHA and insulin reduced the depression state by 77% and 88% respectively. And VPT showed that: motor impairment occurred in diabetic cases and improved af.er AHA and insulin treatment.

关键词： Diabetes Artemisia Behavioral Herbal Treatment Insulin

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Assessing nest attentiveness of.Common Terns via video cameras and temperature loggers

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Avian Research 2020年第3期11卷 284-301页

作者： Jef.ery D.Sullivan paul R.Marbán Jennif.r M.Mullinax David f.Brinker Peter C.McGowan Carl R.Callahan Diann J.Prosser Natural Systems Analysts Winter ParkFL 32789USA Marine Estuarineand Environmental Sciences ProgramUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of.Environmental Science and Technology University of Maryland1443 Animal Sciences BldgCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of.Natural Resources Maryland Natural Heritage ProgramAnnapolisMD 21401USA Chesapeake Bay f.eld Of.ice U.S.Fish and Wildlife ServiceAnnapolisMD 21401USA U.S.Geological Survey Patuxent Wildlife Research CenterLaurelMD 20708USA.

Background:While nest attentiveness plays a critical role in the reproductive success of.avian species,nest attentiveness data with high temporal resolution is not available f.r many ***,improvements in both video monitoring and temperature logging devices present an opportunity to increase our understanding of.this aspect of.avian ***:To investigate nest attentiveness behaviors and evaluate these technologies,we monitored 13 nests across two Common Tern(Sterna hirundo)breeding colonies with a paired video camera-temperature logger approach,while monitoring 63 additional nests with temperature loggers *** occurred f.om May to August of.2017 on Poplar(Chesapeake Bay,Maryland,USA)and Skimmer Islands(Isle of.Wight Bay,Maryland,USA).We examined data respective to f.ur times of.day:Morning(civil dawn‒11:59),Peak(12:00‒16:00),Cooling(16:01‒civil dusk),and Night(civil dusk‒civil dawn).Results:While successf.l nests had mostly short duration of.-bouts and maintained consistent nest attentiveness throughout the day,f.iled nests had dramatic reductions in nest attentiveness during the Cooling and Night periods(pf.om a Great Horned Owl(Bubo virginianus).Incubation appeared to ameliorate ambient temperatures during Night,as nests were signif.cantly warmer during Night when birds were on versus of. the nest(pf.-bouts during the Peak period occurred during higher ambient temperatures,perhaps due to adults leaving the nest during the hottest periods to perf.rm belly ***,temperature logger data alone had limited ability to predict nest attentiveness status during shorter bouts,with results highly dependent on time of.day and bout *** our methods did not af.ect hatching success(p>0.05),video-monitored nests did have signif.cantly lower clutch sizes(pf.iButtons and video ca

关键词： Common Tern iButton Nest attentiveness Sterna hirundo Temperature logger Video monitoring

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Arabidopsis ADC1 f.nctions as an Nδ-acetylornithine decarboxylase

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Journal of.Integrative Plant Biology 2020年第5期62卷 601-613页

作者： Yann-Ru Lou Sheaza Ahmed Jian Yan Adewale M.Adio Hannah M.Powell paul f.Morris Georg Jander Boyce Thompson Institute f.r Plant Research IthacaNY 14853USA Department of.Biological Sciences Bowling Green State UniversityBowling GreenOH 43403USA Key Laboratory of.Agro-Environment in the Tropics Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Department of.Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Bayer Crop Science 700 Chesterfield Parkway WestChesterfieldMO 63017USA

Polyamines are small aliphatic amines f.und in almost all organisms,ranging f.om bacteria to plants and *** most plants,putrescine,the metabolic precursor f.r longer polyamines,such as spermidine and spermine,is produced f.om arginine,with either agmatine or ornithine as *** we show that Arabidopsis thaliana(Arabidopsis)arginine de-carboxylase 1(ADC1),one of.the two known arginine decarboxylases in Arabidopsis,not only synthesizes agmatine f.om arginine,but also converts *** to *** analyses indicate that duplication and neof.nctionalization of.ADC1 and NATA1,the enzymes that synthesize Nδ-acetylormithine in Arabidopsis,co-occur in a small number of.related species in the *** ADC2,which is localized in the chloroplasts,ADC1 is in the endoplasmic reticulum together with NATA1,an indication that these two enzymes have access to the same substrate ***,these results are con-sistent with a model whereby NATA1 and ADC1 to-gether provide a pathway f.r the synthesis of.N-acetylputrescine in Arabidopsis.

关键词： Arabidopsis Phylogenetic Together

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Long-term Integration Ability of.the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)Spectral Line Receivers

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 315-322页

作者： Bing-Ru Wang Di Li paul f.Goldsmith Jingwen Wu Chao-Wei Tsai Rudolf.Schieder Gary J.Melnick National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of.Chinese Academy of.Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Center f.r Astronomical Computing Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 311100China Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCA 91109USA Institute f.r f.ontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 102206China KOSMA I.Physik.InstitutUniversität zu KölnZülpicher Str.7750937 KölnGermany Center f.r Astrophysics|Harvard&Smithsonian 60 Garden StreetMS 66CambridgeMA 02138USA

The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)was the f.rst space telescope capable of.high spectral resolution observations of.terahertz spectral *** have investigated the integration ability of.its two receivers and spectrometer during f.ve and a half.years of.on-orbit *** CI,O_(2),H_(2)O,and^(13)CO spectra taken toward all observed Galactic sources were *** present results are based on spectra with a total integration time of.up to 2.72×10~4hr(■10~8s).The noise in the spectra is generally consistent with that expected f.om the radiometer equation,without any sign of.approaching a noise *** noise perf.rmance ref.ects the extremely stable perf.rmance of.the passively cooled f.ont end as well as other relevant components in the SWAS instrument throughout its mission lif.time.

关键词： telescopes space vehicles:instruments instrumentation:miscellaneous ISM:lines and bands

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The Quadrennial Ozone Symposium 2016

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2017年第3期34卷 283-288页

作者： Sophie GODIN-BEEKMANN Irina PETROPAVLOSKIKH Stef.n REIS paul NEWMAN Wolf.ang STEINBRECHT Markus REX Michelle L. SANTEE Richard S. ECKMAN Xiandong ZHENG Matthew B. TULLY David S. STEVENSON paul YOUNG John PYLE Mark WEBER Johanna TAMMINEN Gina MILLS Alkis f. BAIS Clare HEAVISIDE Christos ZEREf.S Observatoire de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines Universite de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines CNRS 78280 Guyancourt France CIRES University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA NERC Centre f.r Ecology & Hydrology Edinburgh EH26 OQB UK Goddard Space f.ight Center NASA Greenbelt MD 20771 USA Hohenpeissenberg Meteorological Observatory Deutscher Wetterdienst 82383 Hohenpeissenberg Germany Alf.ed Wegener Institute 14401 Potsdam Germany Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology CA 91109 USA NASA Headquarters Earth Science Division Washington DC USA Chinese Academy of.Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Bureau of.Meteorology Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia University of.Edinburgh School of GeoSciences Edinburgh EH9 3FE UK Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YQ UK University of.Cambridge Department of Chemistry Cambridge CB2 1EW UK University of.Bremen Institute of Environmental Physics 28359 Bremen Germany f.nnish Meteorological Institute Earth Observation FI-00101 Helsinki Finland NERC Centre f.r Ecology and Hydrology Bangor Gwynedd LL57 2UW Wales UK Aristotle University of.Thessaloniki ELKE AUTH Thessaloniki Greece Public Health England Centre for Radiation Chemical and Environmental Hazards London UK Research Center f.r Atmospheric Physics & Climatology Academy of Athens Athens 10680 Greece University of.Exeter Medical School Truro TR1 3HD UK

1. Overview The 2016 Quadrennial Ozone Symposium （QOS-2016） was held on 4-9 September 2016 in Edinburgh, UK. The Symposium was organized by the International Ozone Commission （IO3C）, the NERC Centre f.r Ecology ＆ Hydrology and the University of.Edinburgh, and was co-sponsored by the International Union of.Geodesy and Geophysics, the International Association of.Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences, and the World Meteorological Organization.

关键词： NERC The Quadrennial Ozone Symposium 2016 UK USA

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