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Macrobenthic communities on the continental shelf of the Prydz Bay, east Antarctica

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第2期39卷 38-48页

作者： Kun Liu Heshan Lin Xuebao He Yaqin Huang Zhong Li Junhui Lin Jianfeng mou Shuyi Zhang Jianjun Wang Jun Sun College of Biotechnology Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China Laboratory of Marine Biology and ecology Third Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesXiamen 361005China Fisheries College Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China

To explore the spatial pattern of macrobenthic communities and their response to environmental factors in the Prydz Bay,samples were collected using a 0.25-m2 box corer at 10 stations from November 2012 to April 2013.A total of 50 species of macrobenthos belonging to 8 phyla and 33 families were identified,of which polychaetes(e.g.,Maldane sarsi)and sponges(e.g.,Halichondria *** Leucosolenia sp.)were the most prominent *** macrobenthos in study area were categorized into five functional groups based on the feeding type,and the detritivorous group represented by polychaetes showed the highest average abundance,while the planktophagous group represented by sponges showed the highest average *** abundance(0–592 ind./m2)and biomass(0–1155.5 g/m2)in the Prydz Bay were relatively lower than those of other Antarctic shelf soft-bottom waters,although the compositions of the dominant species and functional feeding groups were *** results of the Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that the average biomass of the macrobenthos and the biomass of the planktophagous group in the study area were negatively correlated with the water depth,sediment grain size and silt ***,these variables were clearly not strong determinants of macrobenthos assemblage *** factors not measured in the study,e.g.,sediment organic matter and iceberg interference,have probably influenced the spatial distribution of macrobenthic community structure in the Prydz Bay.

关键词： macrobenthic communities functional feeding groups environmental factors Antarctica Prydz Bay

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Strong optical nonlinearities of self-assembled polymorphic microstructures of phenylethynyl functionalized fluorenones

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2018年第2期29卷 297-300页

作者： Xinyue Li Sergey Semin Leandro A. estrada Chunqing Yuan Yulong Duan Jonathan Cremers paul Tinnemans paul Kouwer Alan e. Rowan Theo Rasing Jialiang Xu School of Chemical and engineering Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300350 China Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM) Radboud University 6525 A J Nijrnegen The Netherlands Center for Photochemical Sciences Bowling Green State University Bowling Green OH 43403 USA Solvay Specialty Polymers Alpharetta CA 30005 USA Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) The University of Queensland Brisbane OLD 4072 Australia

Highly efficient nonlinear optical（NLO） materials with well-defined architectures in the wavelength and subwavelength length scales are of particular importance for next generation of integrated photonic circuits. Fluorenone analogues have been demonstrated to be promising candidates as building blocks for assembly of organic NLO materials thanks to their synergistic supramolecular interactions and brilliant optical properties. Here we have studied the polymorphs of a phenylethynyl functionalized fluorenone derivative, and their controlled self-assembly for microstructures with different morphologies. These polymorphic microcrystals exhibit very distinctive NLO properties, highly related to their supramolecular and electronic structures.

关键词： Nonlinear optics Second harmonic generation Two-photon excited fluorescence Transition dipole Fluorenone

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SUSTAINABLe MICRO-VILLAGeS AND THe CARWOOLA HOUSe PROJeCT IN CANBeRRA,AUSTRALIA

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Journal of Green Building 2018年第4期13卷 169-190页

作者： paul Barnett paul Barnett Design Group

INTRODUCTION Our needs as social and familial beings change over the course of our lives;however,it has become common practice to build as though these needs remain static through *** needs of a child,young adult,family,middle age and the elderly are dynamic between generations,and adding to these evolving life needs is the crisis of housing affordability.ree decades ago a house could cost 3-4 times an individual’s annual income,today that cost is closer to 10-12 *** response to these chal-lenges,this article explores the concept of Sustainable Micro-Villages,providing insight into a new approach to energy-efficient housing with reference to our case-study project-Carwoola *** Micro-Villages can be defined as a cluster of integrated dwellings,referred to here as Living *** a“single house”on a single site,these micro-villages can be comprised of two or more smaller buildings that provide private dwelling space for a single person,couples,couples with children,parents,elderly,friends and any combination of social *** pods cluster around a natural garden setting,enhanced by waterharvesting,and are connected with covered,open or enclosed links depending on the climate of the *** recent iterations of this type of dwelling also incorporate solar passive design,passive house and green-house *** Australia,new house designs are evaluated as part of an approvals process for their energy rating.1e Australian Building Code requires a minimum 6-star rating,ranging up to 10 stars for any new home to be built.A 6-star rating provides a good level of insulation and energy performance if built correctly,while 10 stars represent the highest level of energy performance and refers to a dwelling that needs no heating or *** Micro-Villages consistently achieve an 8 to 10-star rating by combining Solar Passive Design principles(good orientation,thermal mass and thermal performance)and Passive House Technology(

关键词： Micro Villages Living Pods Naturescapes Solar Passive Passive House Photovoltaics Waterharvesting Biophilia Permaculture Biodynamics Water Storage

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Advanced strategies for marine antifouling based on nanomaterial-enhanced functional PDMS coatings

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第4期6卷 375-395页

作者： Xiaohui Shi Hao Wei Wenjun Zhou paul e.D.Soto Rodriguez Cunguo Lin Lei Wang Zhijia Zhang engineering Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbinChina Qingdao Innovation and Development Center of Harbin engineering University QingdaoChina State Key Laboratory for Marin Corrosion and Protection Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute(LSMRI)QingdaoChina School of Chemistry and Chemical engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbinChina Instituto de estudios Avanzados IUDeA Departamento de FísicaUniversidad de La Laguna C/Astrofísico Francisco SanchezS/n.E-38203TenerifeSpain

Marine biofouling seriously affects human marine exploitation and transportation activities,to which marine antifouling(AF)coatings are considered to be the most cost-effective *** the mid-20th century,human beings have dedicated their efforts on developing AF coatings with long cycle and high performance,leading to a large number of non-target organisms?distortion,death and marine environmental ***(PDMS),is considered as one of the representative environment-friendly AF materials thanks to its non-toxic,hydrophobic,low surface energy and AF ***,PDMS AF coatings are prone to mechanical damage,weak adhesion strength to substrate,and poor static AF effect,which seriously restrict their use in the *** rapid development of various nanomaterials provides an opportunity to enhance and improve the mechanical properties and antifouling properties of PDMS coating by embedding *** on our research background and the problems faced in our laboratory,this article presents an overview of the current progress in the fields of PDMS composite coatings enhanced by different nanomaterials,with the discussion focused on the advantages and main bottlenecks currently encountered in this ***,we propose an outlook,hoping to provide fundamental guidance for the development of marine AF field.

关键词： Nanomaterials Antifouling PDMS composites environment-friendly Marine biofouling

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environmental barcoding of the ectomycorrhizal fungal genus Cortinarius

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第1期58卷 299-310页

作者： Suliana e.Teasdale Anne K.Beulke paul L.Guy David A.Orlovich Department of Botany University of OtagoPO Box 56Dunedin 9054New Zealand Department of ecology Evolution and BehaviorCollege of Biological SciencesUniversity of Minnesota1987 Upper Buford CircleSt PaulMN 55108USA

Understanding the role of ectomycorrhizal fungi in plant communities is hampered by a lack of knowledge about fungal *** barcoding of the ectomycorrhizal fungal genus Cortinarius was used to compare fungal diversity in soil from four plant communities:(i)Nothofagus forest(where Cortinarius is common and diverse),(ii)Kunzea forest(where Cortinarius is present but with low diversity),(iii)a Pinus radiata plantation(Cortinarius is not thought to be present)and(iv)a sub-Antarctic island(where known ectomycorrhizal hosts are absent).PCR primers specific for the ITS region of Cortinarius species were *** was tested in vitro and in silico against DNA from basidiocarps of Cortinarius and non-Cortinarius *** primers were tested for their ability to amplify Cortinarius DNA in soil from forests of the three ectomycorrhizal forest communities and a range of soils from the ectomycorrhiza-free subantarctic Campbell *** diversity of Cortinarius was associated with soil of all three ectomycorrhizal communities,despite Cortinarius being previously unrecorded from *** from all three communities share some ectomycorrhizal fungi(including fungi shared between native and exotic hosts),having implications for community succession,introduction of exotic fungi and biodiversity *** Cortinarius was detected from Campbell Island *** validated molecular protocol assessed species diversity in a rapid and cost effective *** biodiversity assessment based on DNA barcoding is more effective at detecting diversity than traditional methods,but requires careful consideration of the difference between ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity in soil versus root-tips.

关键词： Cortinarius Internal transcribed spacer region ectomycorrhizal ecology environmental DNA Barcoding Taxon-specific primers

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Process stability and microbial community composition in pig manure and food waste anaerobic co-digesters operated at low HRTs

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2017年第3期11卷 53-65页

作者： Conor Dennehy Peadar G. Lawlor Gillian e. Gardiner Yan Jiang paul Cormican Matthew S. McCabe Xinmin Zhan Department of Civil engineering College of Engineering and Informatics National University of Ireland Galway Ireland Teagasc Pig Development Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Fermoy Ireland Department of Science Waterford Institute of Technology Waterford Ireland Teagasc Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Dunsany Meath Ireland

This study assessed the effects of reducing hydraulic retention times （HRTs） from 21 days to 10.5 days when anaerobically co-digesting pig manure and food waste. Continuously stirred tank reactors of 3.75 L working volume were operated in triplicate at 42℃. Digester HRT was progressively decreased from 21 to 15 days to 10.5 days, with an associated increase in organic loading rate （OLR） from 3.1 kg volatile solids （VS）·m^-***^-1 to 5.1 kg VS·m^***-1 to 7.25 kg VS.m^-3·day^-1. Reducing HRT from 21 days to 15 days caused a decrease in specific methane yields and VS removal rates. Operation at a HRT of 10.5 days initially resulted in the accumulation of isobutyric acid in each reactor. High throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that this increase coincided with a shift in acidogenic bacterial populations, which most likely resulted in the increased isobutyric acid concentrations. This may in turn have caused the increase in relative abundance of Clocamonaceae bacteria, which syntrophically degrade non-acetate volatile fatty acids （VFAs） into H2 and CO2. This, along with the increase in abundance of other syntrophic VFA oxidizers, such as Spiorchatetes, suggests that VFA oxidation plays a role in digester operation at low HRTs. Reducing the HRT to below 21 days compromised the ability of the anaerobic digestion system to reduce enteric indicator organism counts below regulatory limits.

关键词： Biogas Sequencing Clocamonaeeae Spiorchatetes Isobutyrate Biosafety

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The value of testicular ＇mapping＇ in men with non-obstructive azoospermia

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第2期13卷 225-230页

作者： Monika e Beliveau paul J Turek The Turek Clinic 55 Francisco St. Suite 300 San Francisco CA 94010 USA

As the field of assisted reproduction has advanced, many previously untreatable men are now biological fathers. Although finding sperm in men with obstructive azoospermia is not difficult, locating and retrieving spermatozoa in men with non-obstructive azoospermia remains a clinical challenge, largely because sperm production in these men can be patchy or focal in nature. In response to this challenge, strategies such as fine-needle aspiration （FNA） mapping have been developed to find spermatozoa. This review discusses the history, evolution and current clinical utility and findings with FNA mapping for male infertility）. Review of the current literature in the english language on FNA （diagnostic or therapeutic） with a keyword focuses on sperm detection, retrieval, safety and complications. FNA was described in human medicine over 100 years ago. Testis FNA was described 45 years ago and FNA ＇mapping＇ of spermatozoa was described in 1997. This comparative review of the literature on sperm detection and complication rates with FNA and open testis biopsy or microdissection procedures suggests that FNA is highly informative, minimally invasive and is associated with fewer complications than other commonly used approaches to sperm detection in non-obstructive azoospermic patients. FNA mapping has gained considerable traction as an informative, ＇testis sparing＇ technique for sperm detection in non-obstructive azoospermia. With knowledge of sperm presence and location prior to sperm retrieval, FNA maps can help clinicians tailor sperm retrieval to optimize time, effort and extent of procedures needed to procure spermatozoa in these difficult cases.

关键词： azoospermia fine-needle aspiration hypogonadism sperm mapping sperm retrieval

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Quantifying source-sink relationships in leaf-color modified rice genotypes during grain filling

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第9期23卷 2923-2940页

作者： Zhenxiang Zhou paul CStruik Junfei Gu Peter e.L.van der Putten Zhiqin Wang Jianchang Yang Xinyou Yin Centre for Crop Systems Analysis Department of Plant SciencesWageningen University&ResearchWageningen 6700 AKThe Netherlands College of Agriculture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Leaf-color modification can affect canopy photosynthesis,with potential effects on rice yield and yield *** source-sink relationships through crop management is often used to improve crop *** study investigated whether and how modifying leaf color alters source-sink relationships and whether current crop cultivation practices remain applicable for leaf-color modified *** collected data of total biomass and nitrogen(N)accumulation in rice genotypes of four genetic backgrounds and their leaf-color modified variants(greener or yellower)were analyzed,using a recently established modelling method to quantify the source-sink(im)balance during grain *** all leaf-color variants,only one yellower-leaf variant showed a higher source capacity than its normal *** was associated with greater post-flowering N-uptake that prolonged the functional leaf-N duration,and this greater post-flowering N-uptake was possible because of reduced pre-flowering N-uptake.A density experiment showed that current management practices(insufficient planting density accompanied by abundant N application)are unsuitable for the yellower-leaf genotype,ultimately limiting its yield ***-color modification affects source-sink relationships by regulating the N trade-off between pre-and post-flowering uptake,as well as N translocation between source and sink *** best exploit leaf-color modification for improving crop productivity,adjustments of crop management practices are required.

关键词： source-sink relationship biomass nitrogen Oryza sativa leaf-color modification

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Artificial intelligence model for predicting geomechanical characteristics using easy-to-acquire offset logs without deploying logging tools

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Petroleum 2022年第2期8卷 192-203页

作者： Temitope F.Ogunkunle emmanuel e.Okoro Oluwatosin J.Rotimi paul Igbinedion David I.Olatunji Department of Petroleum engineering Covenant UniversityOtaNigeria

This study focuses on predicting acoustic and mechanical rock properties using random forest and feed forward neural network models to evaluate the likelihood of developing efficient ways of handling absence of rock properties at offset *** Random Forest algorithm was used for direct prediction of the sonic data without considering the depth range of the facies;while Feed forward Neural network was used to predict the sonic data with emphasis on the lithofacies *** accuracy of these approaches was used in choosing the best and the most robust model for predicting sonic data when estimating formation strength and mechnical *** log was predicted after training a combination of caliper log,gamma log,depth,density log and resistivity log from offset wells.5 hidden layers that accounts for the data structural complexities was included in the model architecture.A multilayer perceptron network was adopted for the Random forest algorithm to handle linear combinations of input data *** error computations were used to evaluate the performance of the ***,mechanical properties and sanding potential was evaluated using standard relations and appropriate depositional *** forest algorithm gave the best prediction accuracy of more than 96%,but the Feed forward network has the lower mean absolute error and mean squared error of 2.75 and 5.93 ***,the predicted compressive and shear wave velocity show increase of values with depth,a behavior that is capable of identifying payzone *** was validated by the distinction seen within the 200 feet gas sand formation in the deeper portion of the studied well(9600e9800 feet).Potential failure portions of the wells,a common feature in the field,were inferred from the sanding potential computed using the predicted mechanical properties value.

关键词： Shear wave velocity Mechanical properties Random forest Feed forward neural network Sanding potential

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Seismic anisotropy of upper mantle in eastern Tibetan Plateau and related crust-mantle coupling pattern

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Science China earth Sciences 2007年第8期50卷 1150-1160页

作者： paul SILVeR Lucy FLeSCH Carnegie Institution of Washington Washington DC 200015 USA

By using the polarization analysis of teleseismic SKS waveform data recorded at 116 seismic stations which respectively involved in China National Digital Seismograph Network, and Yunnan, Sichuan, Gansu and Qinghai regional digital networks, and portable broadband seismic networks deployed in Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet, we obtained the SKS fast-wave direction and the delay time between fast and slow waves of each station by use of the stacking analysis method, and finally acquired the fine image of upper mantle anisotropy in the eastern Tibetan Plateau and its adjacent regions. We analyzed the crust-mantle coupling deformation on the basis of combining the GPS observation results and the upper mantle anisotropy distribution in the study area. The Yunnan region out of the plateau has dif-ferent features of crust-mantle deformation from the inside plateau. There exists a lateral transitional zone of crust-mantle coupling in the eastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, which is located in the region between 26° and 27°N in the west of Sichuan and Yunnan. To the south of transitional zone, the fast-wave direction is gradually turned from S60°―70°e in southwestern Yunnan to near eW in south-eastern Yunnan. To the north of transitional zone in northwestern Yunnan and the south of western Sichuan, the fast-wave direction is nearly NS. From crust to upper mantle, the geophysical parameters (e.g. the crustal thickness, the Bouguer gravity anomaly, and tectonic stress direction) show the feature of lateral variation in the transitional zone, although the fault trend on the ground surface is inconsis-tent with the fast-wave direction. This transitional zone is close by the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, and it may play an important role in the plate boundary dynamics.

关键词： upper mantle anisotropy SKS wave fast-wave direction crust-mantle coupling lithospheric deformation

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