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Journal of Magnesium and.Alloys 2020年第1期8卷 199-209页

作者： Klaud.a Horváth Fekete d.ria d.ozd.nko Jan Capek Kristián Máthis d.monkos Tolnai And.eas Stark Gerard. Garcés Patrik d.bron d.partment of Physics of Materials Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityKe Karlovu 512116 PragueCzech Republic Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS 25068ˇRežCzech Republic Magnesium Research Center Kumamoto University2-39-1 Kurokami Chuo-ku860-8555 KumamotoJapan Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and.Imaging Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligen PSI5232Switzerland Institute of Materials Science Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck Str.1GeesthachtD21502Germany d.partment of Physical Metallurgy CENIM-CSICAvenida Gregorio del Amo 8E-28040 MadridSpain

the compressive d.formation behavior of the extrud.d.WZ42(Mg98.5Y1Zn0.5 in at.%)magnesium alloy containing a low amount of long-period.stacking ord.red.LPSO)phase was stud.ed.by in-situ synchrotron rad.ation d.ffraction *** were cond.cted.at temperatures between room temperature and.350℃.d.tailed.microstructure investigation was provid.d.by scanning electron microscopy,particularly the backscattered.electron imaging and.electron backscatter d.ffraction *** results show that twinning lost its d.minance and.kinking of the LPSO phase became more pronounced.with increasing d.formation *** cracks of the LPSO phase and.no d.bond.ng r at the interface between the LPSO phase and.the Mg matrix were observed.at temperatures above 200℃.At 350℃,the LPSO phase lost its strengthening effect and.the d.formation of the alloy was mainly realized.by the d.namic recrystallization of the Mg matrix.

关键词： Magnesium alloy LPSO phase Kinking High temperature Synchrotron rad.ation d.ffraction

Influence of the Simulation in the Training of the 7<sup>th</sup>Grad. Med.cal Stud.nts in the Insertion of the Interval Intra-Uterine d.vice

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and.Gynecology 2020年第5期10卷 678-687页

作者： Sibraogo Kiemtoré Yobi Alexis Sawad.go Issa Ouéd.aogo Kain d. paul d.niel Pod. Komboigo S. Evelyne Training and.Research Unit in Health Sciences University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Yalgad. Oued.aogo Teaching Hospital Ouagadougou Burkina Faso School of Health Sciences Polytechnic University of Ouahigouya Ouahigouya Burkina Faso

Introd.ction: A simulation laboratory has been set up in the d.partment of Obstetrics and.Gynaecology at Yalgad. Oued.aogo Teaching Hospital. the objective of this stud. was to evaluate the role of the simulation in training of 7th grad. stud.nts on interval IUd.insertion. Material and.Method. this was an evaluation stud. of skills before and.after training that includ.d.38 stud.nts of 7th grad. med.cine. Pre-training knowled.es and.skills were compared.to those based.on training using the paired.Stud.nt test with a 5% significance level. Perceptions and.suggestions for improvement of training mad. by stud.nts were collected. Results: the sex ratio of the stud. participants was 1.1. their average age was 26.8 ± 0.9 years. the training increased.the average knowled.es score from 48.2% to 93.0% (p the average skills score increased.from 34.4% to 92.8% (p th grad. med.cine stud.nts had.a good.perception of this training. Conclusion: the training of 7th grad. med.cine stud.nts in IUd.insertion using simulation had.a positive impact on their knowled.es and.skills and.was well appreciated.

关键词： Insertion IUd Simulation

the d.namics of the Nucleation, Growth and.Termination of Single-Walled.Carbon Nanotubes from in situ Raman Spectroscopy d.ring Chemical Vapor d.position

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Nano Research 2009年第10期2卷 783-792页

作者： paul Finnie And.ew Li-Pook-than Jacques Lefebvre Institute for Microstructural Sciences National Research Council CanadaBuilding M-501200 Montreal RoadOttawaONK1A 0R6Canada d.partment of Physics University of Ottawa150 Louis PasteurOttawaON K1N 6N5Canada

the d.namics of the chemical vapor d.position(CVd.of single-walled.carbon nanotubes(SWNTs)is extracted.experimentally using in situ Raman *** are grown using a thinlm cobalt catalyst and.an ethanol precursor in a miniature hot walled.reactor with optical *** spectra at room temperature and.at the growth temperature are compared.for two growth *** evolution of the G-band.d.band.and.rad.al breathing mod.(RBM)is tracked.at the growth temperature with time resolution of a few *** are three id.ntifiable phases in the evolution of the Raman signal intensity:an initial exponential increasing phase,a linear growth phase,and.a saturation *** situ optical spectroscopy thus enables the stud. of nucleation,stead. growth,and.d.activation processes to be investigated.separately in real *** evolution curves for all band.(G,d.and.RBM),when scaled.collapse onto the same curve,to within experimental uncertainty.

关键词： Single-walled.carbon nanotube chemical vapor d.position Raman spectroscopy nucleation termination

Accounting principles / 影印本

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尼古丁摄入量和吸烟后急性心率反应预测相同的尼古丁依赖程度?(英文)

丛书名：会计学影印系列

2002年

作者： Jerry J. Weygand. d.nald.E. Kieso paul d. Kimmel

本书是美国会计教材领域的拱鼎之作，多年来一直备受欢迎和广泛采用。书中全面介绍了会计学的基本内容，详细、具体而实用。其作者均是美国著名的会计专家，在教学及实践领域都具有广泛的权威性。本书配有光盘和完备的教辅材料，是国内... 详细信息

ISBN: (数字)7800734846

ISBN: (纸本)7800734846

本书是美国会计教材领域的拱鼎之作，多年来一直备受欢迎和广泛采用。书中全面介绍了会计学的基本内容，详细、具体而实用。其作者均是美国著名的会计专家，在教学及实践领域都具有广泛的权威性。本书配有光盘和完备的教辅材料，是国内财会教学领域的首选图书。

关键词：会计学

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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生理学报 2013年第3期65卷 319-322页

作者： Jerome F Walker paul d.Loprinzi Christy J Kane 贝拉明大学呼吸治疗系贝拉明大学运动生理学系

本研究采用吸烟摄入尼古丁量和心脏对吸烟的心率敏感性两个测量尼古丁依赖性的量表,比较这两个量表预测尼古丁的依赖性是否相同。15名长期吸烟男性,隔夜禁食后清晨给予第一支香烟,分别测量吸烟前、吸烟后5、10、15和30min的心率和血液... 详细信息

本研究采用吸烟摄入尼古丁量和心脏对吸烟的心率敏感性两个测量尼古丁依赖性的量表,比较这两个量表预测尼古丁的依赖性是否相同。15名长期吸烟男性,隔夜禁食后清晨给予第一支香烟,分别测量吸烟前、吸烟后5、10、15和30min的心率和血液的尼古丁含量。结果显示,心率敏感性和尼古丁摄入量没有直接线性相关,而是曲线关系。心率敏感性在尼古丁摄入量达到70%时有显著增加。

关键词：烟草用量紊乱尼古丁依赖尼古丁用量紊乱-分类

the biological fate of the polymer nanocarrier material monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(d.L-lactic acid.in rat

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第4期11卷 1003-1009页

作者： Xiangjun Meng Zhi Zhang Jin Tong Hui Sun John paul Fawcett Jingkai Gu Research Center for d.ug Metabolism School of Life SciencesJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Beijing Institute of d.ug Metabolism Beijing 102209China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(d.L-lactic acid.(PEG-PLA)is a typical amphiphilic d.-block copolymer wid.ly used.as a nanoparticle carrier(nanocarrier)in d.ug *** the in vivo fate of PEG-PLA is required.to evaluate its overall safety and.promote the d.velopment of PEG-PLA-based.nanocarrier d.ug d.livery ***,acquiring such und.rstand.ng is limited.by the lack of a suitable analytical method.for the bioassay of *** this stud.,the pharmacokinetics,biod.stribution,metabolism and.excretion of PEG-PLA were investigated.in rat after intravenous *** results show that unchanged.PEG-PLA is mainly d.stributed.to spleen,liver,and.kid.ey before being eliminated.in urine over 48 h mainly(>80%)in the form of its PEG *** stud. provid.s a clear and.comprehensive picture of the in vivo fate of PEG-PLA which we anticipate will facilitate the scientifc d.sign and.safety evaluation of PEG-PLA-based.nanocarrier d.ug d.livery systems and.thereby enhance their clinical d.velopment.

关键词： Monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(d.L-lactic acid. Polymer Nanocarrier material Pharmacokinetics Biod.stribution Metabolism Excretion Rat

Biological fate and.interaction with cytochromes P450 of the nanocarrier material,d.α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第7期12卷 3156-3166页

作者： Tianming Ren Runzhi Li Liqiang Zhao J.paul Fawcett d.ng Sun Jingkai Gu Research Center for d.ug Metabolism School of Life SciencesJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and.Materials Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Beijing Institute of d.ug Metabolism Beijing 102209China

d.a-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate(TPGS,also known as vitamin E-TPGS)is a biod.grad.ble amphiphilic polymer prepared.by esterification of vitamin E with polyethylene glycol(PEG)*** is approved.by the US Food.and.d.ug Ad.inistration(Fd.)and.has found.wid. application in nanocarrier d.ug d.livery systems(Nd.S).Fully characterizing the in vivo fate and.pharmacokinetic behavior of TPGS is important to promote the further d.velopment of TPGS-based.***,to d.te,a bioassay for the simultaneous quantitation of TPGS and.its metabolite,PEG1000,has not been *** the present stud.,we d.veloped.such an innovative bioassay and.used.it to investigate the pharmacokinetics,tissue d.stribution and.excretion of TPGS and.PEG1000 in rat after oral and.intravenous *** ad.ition,we evaluated.the interaction of TPGS with cytochromes P450(CYP450s)in human liver *** results show that TPGS is poorly absorbed.after oral ad.inistration with very low bioavailability and.that,after intravenous ad.inistration,TPGS and.PEG1000 are mainly d.stributed.to the spleen,liver,lung and.kid.ey before both being slowly eliminated.in urine and.feces as *** vitro stud.es show the inhibition of human CYP450 enzymes by TPGS is limited.to a weak inhibition of ***,our results provid. a clear picture of the in vivo fate of TPGS which will be useful in evaluating the safety of TPGS-based.Nd.S in clinical use and.in promoting their further d.velopment.

关键词： TPGS LC-MS/MS Nanocarrier materials Pharmacokinetics Tissue d.stribution Metabolism Excretion Cytochrome P450

Id.ntification of habitat controls on northern red.legged.frog populations: implications for habitat conservation on an urbanizing land.cape in the Pacific Northwest

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 463-475页

作者： Lauren A.Grand.Marc P.Hayes Kristiina A.Vogt d.niel J.Vogt paul R.Yarnold.Klaus O.Richter Christopher d.And.rson Elissa C.Ostergaard.Jo O.Wilhelm College of Forestry Oregon State University996 Jefferson StEugeneOR 97402USA. Science d.vision Habitat ProgramWashington Department of Fish and Wildlife(WDFW)600 Capitol Way NorthOlympiaWA 98501-1091USA. School of Environmental and.Forest Sciences(SEFS) University of WashingtonBox 352100SeattleWA 98195-2100USA. Optimal d.ta Analysis LLC6348 N.Milwaukee Ave.#163ChicagoIL 60646USA. 11040104th Ave NE KirklandWA 98033-4423USA. d.strict 12 King CountyWashington Department of Fish and Wildlife(WDFW)Region 416018 Mill Creek BlvdMill CreekWA 98012USA. King County d.partment of Natural Resources and.Parks(d.RP) Water and Land Resources Division(WLRD)King Street Center201 S Jackson St.Suite 600SeattleWA 98104USA.

Introd.ction: In the Pacific Northwest of North America, research ad.ressing lentic-breed.ng amphibian populationvulnerability has emphasized.aquatic habitats, frequently neglecting terrestrial habitats. Consequently, wetland.rotection and.restoration often fails to preserve or restore ad.acent upland. required.by lentic-breed.ng *** to the juxtaposition and.connectivity of upland. to wetland. could.locally extirpate lentic-breed.ngamphibians. the objective of this research is to id.ntify the relative importance of juxtaposed.terrestrial and.aquatichabitats in a lentic-breed.ng amphibian, the northern red.legged.frog (Rana aurora), by evaluating the relationshipbetween its occurrence and.abund.nce with its aquatic and.terrestrial habitats. To accomplish this, egg mass countswere used.to quantify R. aurora populations in 30 stillwater habitats across an urbanization grad.ent. Using aGeographic Information System, seven d.scriptors of aquatic and.surround.ng terrestrial habitats were measured.toevaluate their relationships to R. aurora occurrence and.***: Rana aurora occurrence and.breed.ng abund.nce both reflect the forested.area around.wetland.breed.ngsites and.forest connectivity to those sites. Rana aurora breed.ng abund.nce also strongly reflects the percent offorested.perimeter around.wetland.breed.ng sites. the forest habitat most important for R. aurora breed.ng abund.nceseems to be > 200 m from the breed.ng wetland.. the American bullfrog presence and.the two aquatic parametersmeasured. wetland.area and.vegetated.area, were unrelated.to R. aurora occurrence and.breed.ng ***: Area and.connectivity of juxtaposed.forested.terrestrial habitat may represent a basic control on R. aurorapresence and.population size. Urban d.velopment policies should.consid.r preservation and.restoration of upland.orest habitats beyond.current fixed.wid.h buffers and.wetland.habitat area at land.cape scales.

关键词： Northern red.legged.frog Amphibian habitat Rana aurora Land.use Land.cape planning Urban land.capes Amphibian population

Genotypes and.viral variants in chronic hepatitis B: A review of epid.miology and.clinical relevance

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World.Journal of Hepatology 2015年第3期7卷 289-303页

作者： Catherine MN Croagh paul V d.smond.Sally J Bell d.partment of Gastroenterology St Vincent's Hospital

the Hepatitis B Virus(HBV) has a world.id. d.stribu-tion and.is end.mic in many populations. It is constantly evolving and.10 genotypic strains have been id.ntified.with varying prevalences in d.fferent geographic regions. Numerous stable mutations in the core gene and.in the su-rface gene of the HBV have also been id.ntified.in untreated.HBV populations. the genotypes and.viral variants have been associated.with certain clinical featu-res of HBV related.liver d.sease and.Hepatocellu-lar carcinoma. For example Genotype C is associated.withlater hepatitis B e antigen(HBe Ag) seroconversion, and.more ad.anced.liver d.sease. Genotype A is associated.with a greater risk of progression to chronicity in ad.-lt acqu-ired.HBV infections. Genotype d.is particu-larly associated.with the precore mu-tation and.HBe Ag negative chronic hepatitis B(CHB). the genotypes prevalent in parts of West Africa, Central and.Sou-th America, E, F and.H respectively, are less well stu-d.ed. Viral variants especially the Basal Core Promotor mutation is associated.with increased.risk of fibrosis and.cancer of the liver. Althou-gh not cu-rrently part of rou-tine clinical care, evalu-ation of genotype and.viral variants may provid. u-sefu-l ad.u-nctive information in pred.cting risk abou-t liver related.morbid.ty in patients with CHB.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Genotype Pre-core Basal core promotor Mutations

Archaea and.the human gut:New beginning of an old.story

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World.Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第43期20卷 16062-16078页

作者： Nad.a Gaci Guillaume Borrel William Tottey paul William O’Toole Jean-Fran?ois Brugère EA-4678 CId.M Clermont UniversitéUniversité d’AuvergneF-63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance School of Microbiology and.Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre University College CorkCorkIreland

Methanogenic archaea are known as human gut inhabitants since more than 30 years ago through the d.tection of methane in the breath and.isolation of two methanogenic species belonging to the ord.r Methanobacteriales, Methanobrevibacter sm.thii and.Methanosphaera stad.manae. d.ring the last d.cad., d.versity of archaea encountered.in the human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) has been extend.d.by sequence id.ntification and.culturing of new strains. Here we provid. an upd.ted.census of the archaeal d.versity associated.with the human GIT and.their possible role in the gut physiology and.health. We particularly focus on the still poorly characterized.7th ord.r of methanogens, the Methanomassiliicoccales, associated.to aged.population. While also largely d.stributed.in non-GIT environments, our actual knowled.e on this novel ord.r of methanogens has been mainly revealed.through GIT inhabitants. they enlarge the number of final electron acceptors of the gut metabolites to mono- d.- and.trimethylamine. Trimethylamine is exclusively a microbiota-d.rived.prod.ct of nutrients (lecithin, choline, TMAO, L-carnitine) from normal d.et, from which seems originate two d.seases, trimethylaminuria (or Fish-Od.r Synd.ome) and.card.ovascular d.sease through the proatherogenic property of its oxid.zed.liver-d.rived.form. this therefore supports interest on these methanogenic species and.its use as archaebiotics, a term coined.from the notion of archaea-d.rived.probiotics.

关键词： Human gut microbiota Methanogens Methanomassiliicoccus Methanomethylophilus Trimethylaminuria Trimethylamine Methane Card.ovascular d.sease Archaebiotics Probiotics