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Meta.olic effects of intestina. a.sorption a.d enterohepa.ic cycling of bile a.ids

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a.ta.Pha.ma.eutica.Sinica.B 2015年第2期5卷 129-134页

作者： Courtney B.Ferrebee paul a.dawson Depa.tment of Pedia.rics Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Emory University Molecula. Medicine Gra.ua.e Progra. Wake Forest School of Medicine

The cla.sica. functions of bile a.ids include a.ting a. detergents to fa.ilita.e the digestion a.d a.sorption of nutrients in the gut. In a.dition, bile a.ids a.so a.t a. signa.ing molecules to regula.e glucose homeosta.is, lipid meta.olism a.d energy expenditure. The signa.ing potentia. of bile a.ids in compa.tments such a. the systemic circula.ion is regula.ed in pa.t by a. efficient enterohepa.ic circula.ion tha. functions to conserve a.d cha.nel the pool of bile a.ids within the intestina. a.d hepa.obilia.y compa.tments. Cha.ges in hepa.obilia.y a.d intestina. bile a.id tra.sport ca. a.ter the composition, size,a.d distribution of the bile a.id pool. These a.tera.ions in turn ca. ha.e significa.t effects on bile a.id signa.ing a.d their downstrea. meta.olic ta.gets. This review discusses recent a.va.ces in our understa.ding of the inter-rela.ionship between the enterohepa.ic cycling of bile a.ids a.d the meta.olic consequences of signa.ing via.bile a.id-a.tiva.ed receptors, such a. fa.nesoid X nuclea. receptor(FXR)a.d the G-protein-coupled bile a.id receptor(TGR5).

关键词： Bile a.ids Liver Intestine Tra.sporters Lipid meta.olism Energy homeosta.is

Development of sta.ch-ba.ed films reinforced with cellulosic na.ocrysta.s a.d essentia. oil to extend the shelf life of red gra.es

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 403-412页

作者： Sneh Punia.Ba.ga. Willia. Scott Whiteside Fa.ih Ozogul Kyle D.Dunno George a.mstrong Ca.ender paul dawson Depa.tment of Food Nutrition and Packaging SciencesClemson UniversitySC 29634USA Depa.tment of Sea.ood Processing Technology Faculty of FisheriesCukurova UniversityBalcaliAdana01330Turkey Depa.tment of Pa.ka.ing Science Rochester Institute of TechnologyRochesterNYUSA

Pa.ka.ing ma.eria. ha. a. importa.t role in extending the shelf-life of *** study investiga.ed the effectiveness of cellulose na.ocrysta.s(CNCs)derived from Kudzu(Puera.ia.monta.a.vine to reinforce to sta.ch-ba.ed *** a.dition,the essentia. oil wa. incorpora.ed into these na.ocomposite films to eva.ua.e further improvement in film properties a.d *** pa.ka.ing ma.eria.s,including the pea.l millet sta.ch(PMS),PMS reinforced with Kudzu CNCs,a.d PMS reinforced with Kudzu CNCs sta.ilized pickering emulsion conta.ning clove bud oil(CBO),wa. used to develop biodegra.a.le na.ocomposite *** films were investiga.ed for their therma.,morphologica.,mecha.ica.,a.d ba.rier *** a.dition,the films were used a. pa.ka.ing ma.eria. to improve the shelf life of the gra.es for 15 da.s a. 5℃.PMS films reinforced with Kudzu CNCs sta.ilized pickering emulsion of CBO were most effective in extending the shelf life of red gra.es up to 15 da.s a. 5℃ by ma.nta.ning the weight,firmness,a.d soluble solids in gra.es for a.longer dura.ion during *** study suggests tha. PMS+Kudzu CNCs+EO films ha.e the potentia. for commercia. pa.ka.ing of fruits during short stora.e periods without a.versely a.fecting their qua.ity a.d sensory a.tributes.

关键词： Pa.ka.ing ma.eria. Na.ocomposites Cellulose na.ocrysta.s Red gra.es Shelf life

a.tioxida.t a.tivity a.sessment a.d Color a.a.ysis of Skin from Different Pea.h Va.ieties Grown in South Ca.olina

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Food a.d Nutrition Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 18-28页

作者： Yueyua. Zha.g Inyee Ha. paul dawson Depa.tment of Food Nutrition and Packaging Sciences Clemson University Clemson USA

Pea.h skin is a.byproduct from the further processing of fresh pea.hes with the potentia. to be recovered a.d utilized a. a.na.ura. a.tioxida.t. Color a.a.ysis, phenolic content a.d a.tioxida.t a.tivity of pea.h skin from 13 va.ieties of pea.hes grown in South Ca.olina.were determined. Color a.a.ysis indica.ed tha. Norma., Ca.y Ma., Ruby Prince a.d Fla.e Prince differed from other va.ieties of pea.hes. a.tioxida.t a.tivity of pea.h skin extra.ts were eva.ua.ed by the tota. phenolics (TP), DPPH free ra.ica. sca.enging (DPPH), ferric reducing a.tioxida.t power (FRa.) a.d ferrous ion chela.ing (FIC) a.sa.s. The ra.ge of tota. phenolics content wa. 8.38 - 18.81 (ga.lic a.id equiva.ent mg/g dry weight). The tota. phenolic content wa. highly correla.ed to DPPH a.d FRa. a.tivity in pea.hes ra.ging from 8 - 23 a./mg a.d 5 - 12 a./mg, respectively. Three pea.h va.ieties with skins ha.ing the grea.est a.tioxida.t ca.a.ity were Red Globe, Sca.let Prince, a.d O’Henry.

关键词： Pea.h Skin a.tioxida.t Tota. Phenolics DPPH a.sa. FRa. a.sa.

Cloning a.d expression of SLC10a.,a.puta.ive orga.ic a.ion tra.sport protein

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2006年第42期12卷 6797-6805页

作者： Pa.rick L Splinter Konsta.tinos N La.a.idis paul a.dawson Nichola. F La.usso The Center for Ba.ic Resea.ch in Digestive Disea.e Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mayo Medical School Clinic and Foundation Rochester Minnesota 55905 United States Depa.tment of Interna. Medicine-Ga.troenter-ology Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston-Salem North Carolina 27157 United States

a.M: To determine if novel bile a.id tra.sporters ma. be expressed in huma. tissues. METHODS: SLC10a. (NTCP) wa. used a. a.probe to sea.ch the NCBI da.a.a.e for homology to previously uncha.a.terized ESTs. The homology sea.ch identified a. EST (termed SLC10a.) tha. sha.es sequence identity with SLC10a. a.d SLC10a. (a.BT). We performed Northern blot a.a.ysis a.d RT-PCR to determine the tissue distribution of SLC10a.. SLC10a. wa. cloned in fra.e with a. epitope ta. a.d overexpressed in CHO cells to determine cellula. loca.iza.ion a.d functiona. a.a.ysis of bile a.id upta.e. RESULTS: Northern a.a.ysis revea.ed tha. SLC10a. mRNa.is ubiquitously expressed in huma. tissues with the highest levels of mRNa.expression in bra.n, pla.enta. a.d liver. In SLC10a.-tra.sfected CHO cells, immunoblotting a.a.ysis a.d immunofluorescence sta.ning demonstra.ed a.49-kDa.protein tha. is expressed a. the pla.ma.membra.e a.d intra.ellula. compa.tments. Functiona. a.a.ysis of SLC10a. showed no significa.t ta.rochola.e upta.e in the presence of sodium when compa.ed to untra.sfected CHO cells. CONCLUSION: To da.e, we ha.e shown tha. this protein ha. no ca.a.ity to tra.sport ta.rochola.e rela.ive to SLC10a.; however, given its ubiquitous tissue distribution, it ma. pla. a.more a.tive role in tra.sporting other endogenous orga.ic a.ions.

关键词： SLC10a. Bile a.id tra.sport Bilia.yepithelium Ta.rochola.e Pla.ma.membra.e

a.l-optica. tuning of a.dia.ond micro-disk resona.or on silicon

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Photonics Resea.ch 2020年第3期8卷 318-324页

作者： paul HILL CHa.a.a.BOS KLITIS BENOIT GUILHa.ERT Ma.C SOREL ERDa. GU Ma.TIN D.dawson MICHa.L J.STRa.N Institute of Photonics Department of PhysicsTechnology and Innovation CentreUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G11RDUK Dia.ond Science a.d Technology Centre for Doctoral TrainingUniversity of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK School of Engineering University of GlasgowGlasgow G128LTUK

High-qua.ity integra.ed dia.ond photonic devices ha.e previously been demonstra.ed in a.plica.ions from nonlinea. photonics to on-chip qua.tum ***,the sma.l sa.ple sizes of single crysta. ma.eria. a.a.la.le,a.d the difficulty in tuning its optica. properties,a.e ba.riers to the sca.ing of these *** of these issues ca. be a.dressed by integra.ing micrometer-sca.e dia.ond devices onto host photonic integra.ed circuits using a.highly a.cura.e micro-a.sembly *** this work a.dia.ond micro-disk resona.or is integra.ed with a.sta.da.d single-mode silicon-on-insula.or wa.eguide,exhibiting a. a.era.e loa.ed Q-fa.tor of 3.1×10^4 a.ross a.ra.ge of spa.ia. modes,with a.ma.imum loa.ed Q-fa.tor of 1.05×10^*** micrometer-sca.e device size a.d high therma. impeda.ce of the silica.interfa.e la.er a.low for significa.t therma. loa.ing a.d continuous resona.t wa.elength tuning a.ross a.450 pm ra.ge using a.milliwa.t-level optica. *** dia.ond-on-dema.d integra.ion technique pa.es the wa. for tuna.le devices coupled a.ross la.ge-sca.e photonic circuits.

关键词： tuning resona.or wa.eguide

Ba.teria. Tra.sfer from Ha.ds While Ea.ing Popcorn

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Food a.d Nutrition Sciences 2015年第15期6卷 1333-1338页

作者： Kimberly a. Ba.er Inyee Y. Ha. J. Ba.ley La.ren Johnson Edwa.d Jones a.y Knight Mollye Ma.Na.ghton Peter Ma.vin Ka.herine Nola. Rose Ma.tinez-dawson paul L. dawson Depa.tment of Food Nutrition and Packaging Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ica. Sciences Clemson University Clemson SC USA

Popcorn is a.very socia. food, often sha.ed with others a.d offered a. ma.y ma.or sporting events, concerts, movies, a.d fa.rs. However, sha.ing ma. not be sa.e since microorga.isms found on ha.ds ma. be tra.sferred onto the sha.ed popcorn. This study wa. conducted to determine if ba.teria.a.e tra.sferred from ha.ds to popcorn during ha.dling. Over 30 sa.plings revea.ed tha. ba.teria. tra.sfer to popcorn from ha.ds wa. very low;however tra.sfer did occur with la.ge va.ia.ion between subjects. Since ha.ds a.d surfa.es ca. ca.ry ba.teria.in situa.ions where food is being sha.ed, tra.sferring ba.teria.from one person to a.other person is a.wa.s a.risk.

关键词： Component Popcorn Ba.teria. Tra.sfer Food Sa.ety Sha.ing Food

Bioa.a.la.ility of Soy Protein a.d Corn Zein Films

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Food a.d Nutrition Sciences 2011年第10期2卷 1105-1113页

作者： La.ra.B. Ma.thews M. Eliza.eth Kunkel Ja.es C. a.ton a.od a. Oga.e paul L. dawson 不详

The in vivo bioa.a.la.ility of soy protein isola.es a.d corn zein film ma.eria. before a.d a.ter film forma.ion by hea./ pressure wa. determined. The In vitro digestibility of corn zein before a.d a.ter film forma.ion wa. a.so mea.ured. Films were produced from a.hydrous protein with 30% glycerol a.ded using a.hea.-press method with no use of ca.ting solvents or cross-linking a.ents. Corn zein ra. a.d film ma.eria. were ground under liquid nitrogen then digested in two enzyme-a.id cockta.ls with free a.ino a.id a.a.ysis before a.d a.ter digestion. The protein efficiency ra.io a.d net protein ra.io were determined for both zein a.d soy protein using a.wea.ling Spra.ue-Da.ley descended ra. feeding study. The In vitro digestibility study indica.ed tha. the non-hea. pressed corn zein wa. more digestible tha. the hea. pressed zein. However, the in vivo results indica.ed tha. corn a.d soy protein were equa.ly bioa.a.la.le whether they were derived from film mixture prior to or a.ter film forma.ion. Both corn zein a.d soy protein ma.eria. ha. lower protein efficiency ra.io tha. the control diet. Furthermore, soy protein films ma.eria.s ha. a.higher protein efficiency ra.io tha. corn zein.

关键词： Bioa.a.la.ility Bio-Ba.ed Films Edible Films Protein Digestibility Pa.ka.ing

a.a.ysis of ilea. sodium/bile a.id cotra.sporter a.d rela.ed nuclea. receptor genes in a.fa.ily with multiple ca.es of idiopa.hic bile a.id ma.a.sorption

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World Journa. of Ga.troenterology 2006年第47期12卷 7710-7714页

作者： Ma.co Monta.na.i a.na.a.ra.a.sson Cecilia.Glma. Gsta.Eggertsen Ha.ns-Ulrich Ma.scha.l Elisa.Ra.a.oli Curt Eina.sson paul a.dawson Dipa.timento di Medicina.Interna.e Ga.troenterologia Università di Bologna Bologna Italy Center for Applied Biomedi-cal Research Università di Bologna Bologna Italy Center for Ga.troenterology a.d Hepa.ology Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden Center for Meta.olism a.d Endocrinology Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden Depa.tment of La.ora.ory Medicine Division of Clinical Chemistry Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden Depa.tment of Interna. Medicine Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston-Salem NC 27157 United States

The etiology of most ca.es of idiopa.hic bile a.id ma.a.sorption （IBa.） is unknown. In this study, a.Swedish fa.ily with bile a.id ma.a.sorption in three consecutive genera.ions wa. screened for muta.ions in the ilea. a.ica. sodium-bile a.id cotra.sporter gene （a.BT; gene symbol, SLC10a.） a.d in the genes for severa. of the nuclea. receptors known to be importa.t for a.BT expression： the fa.nesoid X receptor （FXR） a.d peroxisome prolifera.or a.tiva.ed receptor a.pha.（PPa.α）. The pa.ients presented with a.clinica. history of idiopa.hic chronic wa.ery dia.rhea. which wa. responsive to cholestyra.ine trea.ment a.d consistent with IBa.. Bile a.id a.sorption wa. determined using ^75Se-homocholic a.id ta.rine （SeHCa.）; bile a.id synthesis wa. estima.ed by mea.uring the pla.ma.levels of 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one （C4）. The a.BT, FXR, a.d PPa.α genes in the a.fected a.d una.fected fa.ily members were a.a.yzed using single stra.ded conforma.ion polymorphism （SSCP）, dena.uring HPLC, a.d direct sequencing. No a.BT muta.ions were identified a.d the a.BT gene did not segrega.e with the bile a.id ma.a.sorption phenotype. Simila.ly, no muta.ions or polymorphisms were identified in the FXR or PPa.α genes a.socia.ed with the bile a.id ma.a.sorption phenotype. These studies indica.e tha. the intestina. bile a.id ma.a.sorption in these pa.ients ca.not be a.tributed to defects in a.BT. In the a.sence of a.pa.ent ilea. disea.e, a.terna.ive expla.a.ions such a. a.celera.ed tra.sit through the sma.l intestine ma. be responsible for the IBa..

关键词： Bile a.id ma.a.sorption Dia.rhea Genetics ^75Se-homocholic a.id ta.rine test Nuclea. receptors

Feeding Biocha. to Cows:a. Innova.ive Solution for Improving Soil Fertility a.d Fa.m Productivity

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Pedosphere 2015年第5期25卷 666-679页

作者： Stephen JOSEPH Doug POW Ka.hy dawson Da.id R.G.MITCHELL a.itya.Ra.a. Ja.es HOOK Sa.a.a.a. Ta.ERYMOOSa.I Luka. Va. ZWIETEN Joshua.RUST Scott DONNE paul MUNROE Ben Pa.E Ellen GRa.ER Torsten THOMa. Sha.n NIELSEN Jun YE Yun LIN Pa. Genxing LI Lia.qing Za.a.ia.M.SOLa.Ma. Discipline of Chemistry University of Newcastle School of Ma.eria.s Science a.d Engineering University of New South Wales Electron Microscopy Center AIIMUniversity of Wollongong Institute of Resources Ecosystem and Environment of AgricultureNanjing Agricultural University Ma.ron Brook Fa.m Wa.ren Ca.chments Council 52 Bath StManjimup 6258 (Australia) Ma.k Wa.nwright a.a.ytica. Centre University of New South Wales Wollongba. Prima.y Industries Institute NSW Department of Primary Industries Institute of Soil Water and Environmental SciencesThe Volcani CenterAgricultural Research Organization Centre for Ma.ine Bio-Innova.ion School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesThe University of New South Wales Soil Biology a.d Molecula. Ecology Group School of Earth and Environment (M087)The University of Western Australia

a.dition of biocha. produced through therma. decomposition of bioma.s ha. been seen a. a.stra.egy to improve soils a.d to sequester ca.bon （C）, but wide sca.e implementa.ion of the technology requires to devise innova.ive profita.le solutions. To develop biocha. utilisa.ion with a. integra.ed system a.proa.h, a. innova.ive progra. wa. implemented in 2012 on a.53-ha.fa.m in Western a.stra.ia.to determine the costs a.d benefits of integra.ing biocha. with a.ima. husba.dry a.d improvement of pa.tures. Biocha. wa. mixed with mola.ses a.d fed directly to cows. The dung-biocha. mixture wa. incorpora.ed into the soft profile by dung beetles. We studied the cha.ges in soil properties over 3 yea.s. Biocha. extra.ted from fresh dung a.d from the soil to a.depth of 40 cm wa. cha.a.terised. a.prelimina.y fina.cia. a.a.ysis of the costs a.d benefits of this integra.ed a.proa.h wa. a.so underta.en. The prelimina.y investiga.ion results suggested tha. this stra.egy wa. effective in improving soil properties a.d increa.ing returns to the fa.mer. It wa. a.so concluded tha. the biocha. a.sorbed nutrients from the cow＇s gut a.d from the dung. Dung beetles could tra.sport this nutrient-rich biocha. into the soil profile. There wa. little evidence tha. the reca.citra.t component of the biocha. wa. reduced through rea.tions inside the gut or on/in the soil. Further resea.ch is required to qua.tify the long-term impa.t of integra.ing biocha. a.d dung beetles into the rea.ing of cows.

关键词： a.ima. husba.dry biocha. C sequestra.ion dung beetles fina.cia. benefit pa.ture