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Subchronic oral toxicity evaluation of ethanolic whole plant extract of Eleucine indica on haematological and biochemical indices in Wistar albino rats

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第2期4卷 161-166页

作者： Ette Okon Ettebong paul alozie nwafor Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of UyoUyoNigeria

Objective:To evaluate the effect of ingestion of ethanolic whole plant extract of Eleucine indica on haematological and biochemical parameters of Wistar albino ***:Subchronic toxicity study was carried out by oral administration of different doses(200,400 and 600 mg/kg body weight)of the extract on alternate-day basis to different groups of rats for 28 *** animals were subsequently sacrificed and blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture for haematological and biochemical ***:Haematological indices were preserved and the extract showed significant(P<0.01–0.001)haemostatic *** was significant reduction(P<0.05–0.001)in total bilirubin,aspartate aminotransferase(P<0.001),alanine transaminase(P<0.05),alkaline phosphatase(P<0.001)and blood glucose(P<0.001)compared to *** level of total protein increased significantly(P<0.05–0.001).Kidney functions were,however,***:The results obtained indicated that ingestion of Eleucine indica whole plant extract for a long period of time reduces both bleeding and clotting times,reduces blood sugar and shows no apparent toxic effect on liver and *** results of this study may be useful as a basis for clinical trials in humans.

关键词： Subchronic toxicity Wistar rats Eleucine indica Whole plant extract

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Antimalarial and analgesic activities of ethanolic leaf extract of Panicum maximum

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第6期4卷 442-446页

作者： Jude E Okokon paul A nwafor Ukeme E Andrew Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of UyoUyoNigeria

Objective:To evaluate antiplasmodial and analgesic activities of ethanolic leaf extract/ fractions of Panicum ***:The crude leaf extract(47-190 mg/kg) and fractions (chlor of orm,ethyl acqeous and methanol;96 mg/kg) of Panicum maximum were investigated for antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei infections in mice and for analgesic activity against chemical and heat-induced *** antiplasmodial activity during early and established infections as well as prophylactic were *** at 5 mg/kg and pyrimethamine at 1.2 mg/kg were used as positive *** activity of the crude extract/fractions was also evaluated against acetic acid,formalin and heat-induced ***:The extract and its fractions dose-dependently reduced parasitaemia induced by chloroquine sensitive Plasmodium berghei infection in prophylactic,suppressive and curative models in *** reductions were statistically significant(P<0.001).They also improved the mean survival time from 13 to 28 days compared with control(P<0.001).The activities of extract/ fractions were incomparable to that of the standard drugs(Artesunate and pyrimethamine).On chemically and thermally-induced *** extract inhibited acetic acid and formalin-induced inflammation as well as hot plate-induced pain in *** inhibitions were statistically significant(P<0.001) and in a dose-dependent ***:Panicum maximum leaf extract has antiplasmodial and analgesic activities which may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant.

关键词： Panicum maximum Antiplasmodial Analgesic Plasmodium berghei

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Nephroprotective effect of Croton zamhesicus root extract against gentimicin-induced kidney injury

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第12期4卷 969-972页

作者： Jude E Okokon paul A nwafor Kufre Noah Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyUniversity Of UyoUyo.Nigeria

Objective:To evaluate the kidney protective effect of ethanolic root extract of Croton zambesicus (***) against gentimicin-induced kidney injury in ***:The root extract(27 -81 mg/kg) was administered to rats for eight days with concurrent administration of gentimicin (100 mg/kg) daily for the same period of *** effect of the extract was evaluated in serum levels of creatinine,urea,and uric acid as well as some ions like sodium,potassium and *** examination of the kidneys from different treatment groups were also carried ***:Administration of the root extract significantly reduced histopathological changes in the kidneys of the extract-treated rats especially in the rats treated with lower doses of the extract(27 and 54 mg/kg).The levels of serum urea and creatinine were also reduced significantly(P<0.01) at these doses with no observable effect on the levels of uric acid and ions. Conclusions:The kidney - protective activity of this extract could be due to its antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities.

关键词： Crolon zambesicus Nephroproteotive Gentimicin

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