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Hedgehog signaling pathway gene variant influences bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely low birth weight infants

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第3期17卷 298-304页

作者： Shaili Amatya Sharina Rajbhandari Sandeep Pradhan Van Trinh Umesh paudel Lance A.Parton Newborn Medicine Division The Regional Neonatal Intensive Care UnitMaria Fareri Children's Hospital At Westchester Medical CenterValhallaNYUSA Department of Pediatrics New York Medical CollegeValhallaNYUSA Department of Pediatrics Penn State Children’s HospitalHersheyPAUSA Novant Health Presbyterian Medical Center CharlotteNCUSA Department of Public Health Penn State UniversityHersheyPAUSA Department of Pediatrics Harlem Hospital-Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA

Background Genome wide association study identified hedgehog interacting protein gene(HHIP)variants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and *** of HHIP,a key regulator of the hedgehog signaling pathway,leads to impaired lung morphogenesis and lethality in animal models,through unimpeded sonic hedgehog expression blocking mesenchymal-expressed fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10).Since bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)is also associated with altered lung development and worsens with stimuli including mechanical ventilation,reactive oxygen species,and inflammation,HHIP and FGF10 may be candidate *** This was an observational,cohort study including extremely low birth weight infants that who developed BPD and those who did *** was isolated from buccal swabs and subjected to allelic discrimination,using specific HHIP and FGF10 *** levels were measured in tracheal ***'s t test,Chi-square,Z test and logistic regression were *** Demographic characteristics did not differ except that birth weight(715±153 vs.835±132 g)and gestational age(25 vs.26 weeks)were less in babies with *** variant rs 13147758(GG genotype)was found to be independently protective for BPD(odds ratio 0.35,95%confidence interval 0.15-0.82,P=-0.02).Early airway HHIP protein levels were increased in infants with BPD compared to those without[median(interquartile range)130.6(55.6-297.0)and 41.2(22.1-145.6)pg/mL,respectively;P=0.05].The FGF10 single nucleotide polymorphisms were not associated with *** HHIP,as a regulator of lung bud formation,affects BPD susceptibility,and may be valuable in understanding the specific mechanisms for this disease as well as for identifying therapeutic targets in the era of personalized medicine.

关键词： Gene Infants Lung Preterm Single nucleotide polymorphism

Lung adenocarcinoma with GGO nodules:HRCT radiological and pathological correlation

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东南大学学报（医学版） 2015年第3期34卷 415-419页

作者： ACHARYA Prashanta paudel Rasmita XU Qiu-zhen School of Medicine South East University Department of Radiology Zhongda HospitalSouth East University

Background:Lung cancer is the most common cancer related death in the world for the both male and female as *** is the most common pathological type which is in increasing *** recent advancement of screening of lung cancer with HRCT,GGO lesion has been noted *** is a nonspecific finding that may be caused by various disorders,including inflammatory diseases,focal fibrosis,atypical adenomatous hyperplasia,bronchoalveolar carcinoma(BAC),and *** study intends to analyze the correlation between high resolutions computed tomography(HRCT)findings and the pathological findings of lung *** and methods:Retrospective review of 16 cases of lung adenocarcinoma lesions after surgical *** were defined as air containing type based on ratio of maximum dimension of the tumor on mediastinal window to the maximum diameter of the tumor on lung window was≤50%and as solid density if the ratio was>50%.The correlation between CT findings(homogenous/heterogeneous,airbronchogram,pleural tag,speculation,vascular involvement,pleural thickening,margin,shape)and pathological findings were ***:Of 3 air containing 2 were pre-invasive type and 1 was *** 13 solid density type all 13 were invasive *** of speculation,heterogeneous appearance was found significantly associated with pathological ***:Air containing type of small cells lung adenocarcinomas are preinvasive whereas solid densities are *** and heterogeneous are significant factor in invasive adenocarcinoma.

关键词： ground glass opacity adenocarcinoma heterogenous homogenous

A New Species of the Genus Tylototriton(Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae) from Eastern Himalaya

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Asian Herpetological Research 2015年第4期6卷 245-256页

作者： Janak Raj KHATIWADA Bin WANG Subarna GHIMIRE Karthikeyan VASUDEVAN Shanta paudel Jianping JIANG Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Tribhuvan University Central Department of Zoology CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) Laboratory for the Conservation of Endangered Species Himalayan Research and Conservation Nepal

A new species of the genus Tylototriton is described from eastern Himalaya based on molecular and morphological comparisons. The new species is diagnosable from the closely-related species by having light brown colouration in dorsal region in life, flat and blunt snout, greatly separated dorsolateral bony ridges on head and straightthick tailfin. In addition to head morphology, the new species is also morphologically distinguishable from its closelyrelated species Tylototriton shanorum by having 16 dorsal warts and average smaller Snout Vent Length（SVL）.

关键词： Tylototriton himalayanus sp. nov. eastern Himalaya morphology molecular phylogeny taxonomy

Vertical distribution changes in land cover between 1990 and 2015 within the Koshi River Basin,Central Himalayas

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2021年第10期31卷 1419-1436页

作者： WU Xue paudel Basanta ZHANG Yili LIU Linshan WANG Zhaofeng XIE Fangdi GAO Jungang SUN Xiaomin Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Texas A&M AgriLife Blackland Res&Extens CtrTempleTX 76502USA

The study of mountain vertical natural belts is an important component in the study of regional *** areas are especially sensitive to climate change and have indicative function,which is the core of three-dimensional zonality ***,based on high precision land cover and digital elevation model(DEM)data,and supported by MATLAB and ArcGIS analyses,this paper aimed to study the present situation and changes of the land cover vertical belts between 1990 and 2015 on the northern and southern slopes of the Koshi River Basin(KRB).Results showed that the vertical belts on both slopes were markedly different from one *** vertical belts on the southern slope were mainly dominated by cropland,forest,bare land,and glacier and snow *** contrast,grassland,bare land,sparse vegetation,glacier and snow cover dominated the northern *** found that the main vertical belts across the KRB within this region have not changed substantially over the past 25 *** contrast,on the southern slope,the upper limits of cropland and bare land have moved to higher elevation,while the lower limits of forest and glacier and snow cover have moved to higher *** upper limit of alpine grassland on the northern slope retreated and moved to higher elevation,while the lower limits of glacier and snow cover and vegetation moved northward to higher *** in the vertical belt were influenced by climate change and human activities over *** was mainly controlled by human activities and climate warming,and the reduced precipitation also led to the abandonment of cropland,at least to a certain *** in grassland and forest ecosystems were predominantly influenced by both human activities and climate *** the same time,glacier and snow cover far away from human activities was also mainly influenced by climate warming.

关键词： vertical belt land cover Central Himalayas Koshi River Basin climate change

Review of studies on land use and land cover change in Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第4期13卷 643-660页

作者： Basanta paudel ZHANG Yi-li LI Shi-cheng LIU Lin-shan WU Xue Narendra Raj KHANAL Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBering 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China Central Department of Geography Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurKathmandu 44613Nepal

Land use and land cover(LULC) in Nepal has undergone constant change over the past few decades due to major changes caused by anthropogenic and natural factors and their impacts on the national and regional environment and *** comprehensive review of past and present studies of land use and land cover change(LUCC) in Nepal concentrates on cropland, grassland, forest, snow/glacier cover and urban areas. While most small area studies have gathered data from different sources and research over a short period, across large areas most historical studies have been based on aerial photographs such as the Land Resource Mapping Project in 1986. The recent trend in studies in Nepal is to focus on new concepts and techniques to analyze LULC status on the basis of satellite imagery, with the help of geographic information system and remote sensing tools. Studies based on historical documents, and historical and recent spatial data on LULC, have clearly shown an increase in cropland areas in Nepal,and present results indicating different rates and magnitudes. A decrease in forest and snow/glacier coverage is reported in most studies. Little information is available on grassland and urban areas from past research. The unprecedented rate of urbanization in Nepal has led to significant urban land changes over the past 30 years. Meanwhile, long term historical LUCC research in Nepal is required for extensive work on spatially explicit reconstructions on the basis of historical and primary data collection, including LULC archives and drivers for future change.

关键词： Land use Land cover Geographic information system Remote sensing Nepal

POLYPHASE METAMORPHISM AND INVERTED THERMAL GRADIENT IN THE LESSER HIMALAYA OF CENTRAL NEPAL: CONSTRAINTS FROM WHITE MICA COMPOSITIONS

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 51-52页

作者： lalu Prasad paudel 1,2 , Kazunori Arita 1[WT5,5”BX](1 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Sapporo 060\|0810, Japan 2 Central Department of Geology, Tribhuvan University

The Lesser Himalaya in central Nepal consists of greenschist\|facies metasedimentary rocks, which are overthrust by the amphibolite\|facies rocks of the Higher Himalaya along the Upper Main Central Thrust (UMCT). Despite a number of works on metamorphism of the MCT zone and the Higher Himalaya, the low\|grade metamorphic rocks to the south of the MCT zone have not been studied *** the present study, an attempt was made to constrain the metamorphic events and thermal structure of the whole Lesser Himalaya by means of white mica (Ms) compositions. About 600Ms grains in 48 metapelitic samples from the Lesser Himalaya were analysed by the EPMA. Compositional zoning in individual Ms grains was checked by means of X\|ray compositional mapping. There exist wide intersample, intrasample and within grain compositional variations in Ms in the samples from the Lesser Himalaya. Sheared Ms phenocrysts in pegmatites and gneisses have compositions very close to that of the ideal muscovite. Detrital Ms show wide variation in phengite content, most of which are poor in phengite content, and are most probably derived from older higher\|grade metamorphic rocks.

关键词： Lesser Himalaya polymetamorphism inverted metamorphism white mica composition

Intervention on inhalation technique of rotahaler in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016年第1期11卷 81-82页

作者： G.M.Khan paudel Badri Thapa Parbati Duwal Anita Adhikari Atul paudel Deepak Regmi Dipendra Barakoti Himal Gwachha Kabita Koju Nirmala Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital TankisinuwariMorangNepal Charak Memorial Medicare Hospital PokharaNepal School of Health and Allied Sciences Pokhara UniversityLekhnathKaskiNepal

Inhalation is the preferred route of delivery for drugs intended for both COPD and asthma as drugs are delivered directly to their site of action,leading to a rapid onset of action and a low incidence of side *** technique when taking inhaled medications frequently prevents patients from receiving the maximal benefit from their medications[1].Thus,prospective interventional study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of inhalation techniques of Rotahaler in patients with COPD and Asthma[2,3].

关键词： Asthma COPD Inhalation technique Intervention Rotahaler

Use of the Max Ent model to predict changes in sloth bear(Melursus ursinus)habitats in the Gandaki River Basin,Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第7期19卷 1988-1997页

作者： Raju RAI ZHANG Yi-li WANG Zhao-feng Basanta paudel LIU Lin-shan Mohan Kumar RAI Narendra Raj KHANAL Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Institute of Fundamental Research and Studies Kathmandu44600Nepal Kathmandu Center for Research and Education Chinese Academy of Sciences-Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurKathmandu44613Nepal

The Gandaki River Basin(GRB),located in the central Himalaya,provides habitats for a large number of important flora and fauna *** habitats of key protected species have changed over time as a result of climate changes and human activities related to land use change,including the development of *** study assessed the present and future distributions of sloth bear(Melursus ursinus)habitats using the maximum entropy(Max Ent)*** data,a digital elevation model and roads were used as environmental layers to assess current and future distributions of *** show that the overall habitat within the study area is likely to undergo important changes in the *** 8(the mean temperature of the wettest quarter)and slope were found to be important variables affecting the distribution of the *** habitats very highly suitable for sloth bears currently cover an area of 148 km^(2) within the *** habitats are predicted to increase by 122 km^(2) more by ***,a net change by 680.38 km^(2) was found in the *** measures are necessary for this key protected species and its habitat within the GRB and elsewhere in Nepal.

关键词： Sloth bear Melursus ursinus Habitat prediction Max Ent Gandaki River Basin Himalays

Behavioral responses to spatial heterogeneity in endangered Ganges River dolphins(Platanista gangetica gangetica)

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第3期1卷 67-76页

作者： Shambhu paudel John L.Koprowski Usha Thakuri Yukiko Sasaki-Yamamoto Shiro Kohshima School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of Arizona1064 East Lowell StreetTucsonAZ85721USA Tribhuvan University Institute of ForestryPost Box:43PokharaNepal Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources University of WyomingBim Kendall House804 E Fremont StLaramieWY82072USA Wildlife Research Center of Kyoto University 2-24 Tanaka-Sekiden-choSakyo-kuKyoto606-8203Japan

Globally,the threat of endangerment and extinction of small cetaceans was highlighted after the recent extinction of the Chinese River dolphin or Baiji(Lipotes vexillifer).Species with a small population size and a limited geographic range,such as Ganges River dolphins(GRD),are more vulnerable to *** social and behavioral needs of cetaceans have been identified as potential factors increasing their vulnerability to human ***,little is known about how GRD adapt their behaviors and diel activity patterns to spatiotemporal *** this paper,we examined the underwater behavior of GRDs in Nepal by collecting echolocation clicks from three spatially stratified habitats in the Sapta Koshi River system over a six-month *** research found that GRDs behave differently in response to spatial heterogeneity,indicating diverse environmental requirements for GRD *** activity and duration varied across habitats but not across time of day,suggesting that GRD behaviors are likely to be regulated by habitat structure regardless of the time of ***,GRD consistently exhibited nocturnal activity peaks even when diurnal activity varied *** indicates that river dolphins may favor nocturnal refuges as a reaction to human disturbance in highly regulated *** human disturbances in conjunction with habitat heterogeneity can improve the persistence of riverine ***,we document behavioral and ecological information pertaining to GRD,which is essential to the formation of river dolphin recovery plans that link ecological perspectives to planning and management.

关键词： Ganges river dolphin Behavior Acoustic Ecology Nepal