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Fidel Castro

英语学习 1997年第4期 13-16页

作者： j.hughes

On 1 january,1997,Cuba’s Fidel Castro cele-brates 37 years in *** has survived inva-sion,the collapse of the Soviet Union,US punitivesanctions,and he has outlasted eight Americanpresidents.

关键词： Fidel Castro 卡斯特罗格瓦拉

Evaluation of fatty acid metabolism and innate immunity interactions between commercial broiler, F1 layer × broiler cross and commercial layer strains selected for different growth potentials

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 156-166页

作者： Nicky-Lee Willson Rebecca E.A.Forder Rick G.Tearle Greg S.Nattrass Robert j.hughes Philip I.Hynd School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences The University of Adelaide The Australian Poultry and Cooperative Research Centre University of New England Davies Research Centre School of Animal and Veterinary SciencesThe University of Adelaide South Australian Research and Development Institute(SARDI) Livestock and Farming Systems South Australian Research and Development Institute(SARDI) Pig and Poultry Production Institute

Background： The broiler industry has undergone intense genetic selection over the past 50 yr. resulting in improvements for growth and feed efficiency, however, significant variation remains for performance and growth traits. Production improvements have been coupled with unfavourable metabolic consequences, including immunological trade-offs for growth, and excess fat deposition. To determine whether interactions between fatty acid（FA） metabolism and innate immunity may be associated with performance variations commonly seen within commercial broiler flocks, total carcass lipid %, carcass and blood FA composition, as wel as genes involved with FA metabolism, immunity and cel ular stress were investigated in male birds of a broiler strain, layer strain and F1 layer × broiler cross at d 14 post hatch. Heterophil：lymphocyte ratios, relative organ weights and bodyweight data were also ***： Broiler bodyweight（n = 12） was four times that of layers（n = 12） by d 14 and had significantly higher carcass fat percentage compared to the cross（n = 6; P = 0.002） and layers（P = 0.017） which were not significantly different from each other（P = 0.523）. The carcass and whole blood FA analysis revealed differences in the FA composition between the three groups indicating altered FA metabolism, despite al being raised on the same diet. Genes associated with FA synthesis andβ-oxidation were upregulated in the broilers compared to the layers indicating a net overal increase in FA metabolism,which may be driven by the larger relative liver size as a percentage of bodyweight in the broilers. Genes involved in innate immunity such as TLR2 and TLR4, as wel as organel e stress indicators ERN1 and XBP1 were found to be nonsignificant, with the exception of high expression levels of XBP1 in layers compared to the cross and broilers. Additional y there was no difference in heterophil： lymphocytes between any of the ***： The results provide evidence that genetic selecti

关键词： Broiler Cel ular stress Fatty acid metabolism Innate immunity Layer Selection

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Grass-Root Coaches Knowledge, Understanding, Attitude And Confidence to Deliver Injury Prevention Training in Youth Soccer: a Comparison of Coaches in Three EU Countries

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journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2020年第4期2卷 367-374页

作者： Mark De Ste Croix F.Ayala S.Hernandez Sanchez M.Lehnert j.hughes School of Sport and Exercise University of GloucestershireCheltenham GL502RHUK Department of Sport Sciences Sport Research CentreMiguel Hernandez University of ElcheElche 03202Spain Department of Pathology and Surgery Physiotherapy Area Miguel Hernandez University of ElcheElche 03202Spain Department of Sport and Physical Culture Palacky UniversityOlomouc 77200Czech Republic

Purpose It is well recognised that injury prevention training can reduce injury incidence,however current coach education pathways do not provide grass-root coaches with the knowledge and confidence to deliver such training to youth *** aim of this study was to explore differences in knowledge,understanding,attitude and confidence to deliver such injury prevention training in three European *** A total of 269 grass-root soccer coaches from 3 European countries(Czech Republic,UK,Spain)were recruited for this study.A validated questionnaire exploring knowledge,understanding,attitude towards and confidence to deliver youth injury prevention training was completed prior to a 2 h workshop on injury prevention *** between countries was examined using Bayesian factors to quantify the evidence for and against the hypothesis of independence(H0)by assuming a Poisson sampling scheme(as there was no a priori restriction on any cell count,nor on the grand total)(BF10 Poisson).Results Current knowledge,attitude and confidence to deliver injury prevention training to youth players was poor across all three European *** few coaches were currently using injury prevention training in their coaching sessions(23%).There were some country specific differences for attitude towards injury prevention training and confidence to deliver injury training,with Spanish coaches reporting a more positive attitude and confidence to deliver such *** fewer coaches in the UK were using injury prevention training compared to coaches in Spain and the Czech *** As coaches identified a need for coach education and few were delivering injury prevention training,there is a clear need to embed and implement this programme into the grassroots coaching framework of sports governing bodies to improve adoption,implementation and maintenance.

关键词： Youth Injury prevention training Coach education Movement competency

Ultrastructure of the gastro intestinal tract of healthy japanese quail(Coturnix japonica) using light and scanning electron microscopy

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 378-387页

作者： Ngare Wilkinson Ivan Dinev William j.Aspden Robert j.hughes Ingrid Christiansen james Chapman Sheeana Gangadoo Robert j.Moore Dragana Stanley Central Queensland University Institute for Future Farming Systems Poultry Cooperative Research Centre University of New England Armidale Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University South Australian Research and Development Institute Pig and Poultry Production Institute School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of Adelaide School of Science RMIT University Department of Microbiology Monash University

The japanese quail(Coturnix japonica) are popular both as an alternative protein source and as a model of choice for scientific research in several disciplines. There is limited published information on the histological features of the intestinal tract of japanese quail. The only comprehensive reference is a book published in 1969. This study aims to fill that niche by providing a reference of general histological features of the japanese quail, covering all the main sections of the intestinal tract. Both light and scanning electron microscope(SEM) images are presented. Results showed that the japanese quail intestinal tract is very similar to that of the chicken with the exception of the luminal koilin membrane of the gizzard. Scanning electron microscopic photomicrographs show that in the japanese quail koilin vertical rods are tightly packed together in a uniform manner making a carpet-like appearance. This differs in chicken where the conformations of vertical rods are arranged in clusters.

关键词： japanese quail Coturnix japonica Histology Microscopy Scanning electron microscopy Gastrointestinal tract

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The role of crystallinity on differential attachment/ proliferation of osteoblasts and fibroblasts on poly （caprolactone-co-glycolide） polymeric surfaces

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2012年第1期6卷 47-59页

作者： Helen CUI patrick j.SINKO Advanced Technology and Regenerative Medicine(ATRM) LLCSomervilleNJ 08876USA Department of Pharmaceutics Ernest Mario School of PharmacyRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA

The objective of the present study is to systematically evaluate the role of polymer crystallinity on fibroblast and osteoblast adhesion and proliferation using a series of poly（caprolactone-co-glycolide）（PCL/PGA） polymers. PCL/PGA polymers were selected since they reflect both highly crystalline and amorphous materials. PCL/PGA polymeric materials were fabricated by compression molding into thin films. Five compositions, from PCL or PGA to intermediate copolymeric compositions of PCL/PGA in ratios of 25：75, 35：65 and 45：55, were studied. Pure PCL and PGA represented the crystalline materials while the copolymers were amorphous. The polymers/copolymers were characterized using DSC to assess crystallinity, contact angle measurement for hydrophobicity, and AFM for nanotopography. The PCL/PGA films demonstrated similar hydrophobicity and nanotopography whereas they differed significantly in crystallinity. Cell adhesion to and proliferation on PCL/PGA films and proliferation studies were performed using osteoblasts and NIH-3T3 fibroblasts. It was observed that highly crystalline and rigid PCL and PGA surfaces were significantly more efficient in supporting fibroblast growth, whereas amorphous/flexible PCL/PGA 35：65 was significantly more efficient in supporting growth of osteoblasts. This study demonstrated that while chemical composition, hydrophobicity and surface roughness of PCL/PGA polymers were held constant, crystallinity and rigidity of PCL/PGA played major roles in determining cell responses.

关键词： crystallinity attachment proliferation osteoblast fibroblast PCL-PGA

On the Dirichlet form of three-dimensional Brownian motion conditioned to hit the origin

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Science China Mathematics 2019年第8期62卷 1477-1492页

作者： patrick j. Fitzsimmons Liping Li Department of Mathematics University of California at San Diego San Diego CA 92093-0112 USA RCSDS HCMS Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Our concern in this paper is the energy form induced by an eigenfunction of a self-adjoint extension of the restriction of the Laplace operator to C_c^∞(R^3\{0}).We will prove that this energy form is a regular Dirichlet form with core C_c^∞(R^3).The associated diffusion X behaves like a 3-dimensional Brownian motion with a mild radial drift when far from 0,subject to an ever-stronger push toward 0 near that *** particular,{0}is not a polar set with respect to *** diffusion X is rotation invariant,and admits a skew-product representation before hitting{0}:its radial part is a diffusion on(0,∞)and its angular part is a time-changed Brownian motion on the sphere S^*** radial part of X is a"reflected"extension of the radial part of X^0(the part process of X before hitting{0}).Moreover,X is the unique reflecting extension of X^0,but X is not a semi-martingale.

关键词： Dirichlet form reflected extension rotationally invariant process Fukushima’s decomposition

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