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Adaptive optics in laser processing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 140-155页

作者： patrick S.Salter Martin j.Booth Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordParks RoadOxford OX13PJUK

Adaptive optics are becoming a valuable tool for laser processing,providing enhanced functionality and flexibility for a range of *** a single adaptive element,it is possible to correct for aberrations introduced when focusing inside the workpiece,tailor the focal intensity distribution for the particular fabrication task and/or provide parallelisation to reduce processing *** is particularly promising for applications using ultrafast lasers for threedimensional *** review recent developments in adaptive laser processing,including methods and applications,before discussing prospects for the future.

关键词： laser optics workpiece

Zinc deficiency in patients with chronic pancreatitis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第5期25卷 600-607页

作者： Miroslav Vujasinovic AleksANDra Hedstr?m patrick Maisonneuve Roberto Valente Henrik von Horn j-Matthias L?hr Stephan L Haas Department for Digestive Diseases Karolinska University Hospital Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS Department for Digestive Diseases Sapienza University of Rome Division of Clinical Chemistry Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC)Karolinska Institute

BACKGROUND Zinc is a key element in numerous proteins and plays an important role in essential cell functions such as defense against free radicals and DNA damage repair. Chronic pancreatitis(CP) is a chronic inflammation with progressive fibrosis of pancreas ultimately resulting in pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI),which is associated with malnutrition. Studies analyzing zinc levels in patients with CP are sparse and lead to conflicting *** To investigate serum zinc levels in patients with CP of various *** Between October 2015 and March 2018, patients with a diagnosis of CP were identified and recruited from the Pancreatic Outpatient Clinic at the Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were analyzed. Etiology of CP was determined according to the MANNHEIM classification system into the following etiological subcategories:alcohol consumption, nicotine consumption, hereditary factors, efferent pancreatic duct factors and immunological factors. Pancreatic exocrine function was defined as normal(fecal elastase 1 > 200 μg/g), mildly reduced(100-200μg/g) and severely reduced(fecal elastase 1 0.002]. Smoking and number of packyears were additionally associated with low zinc levels. The risk of zinc deficiency in current smokers and smokers with ≥ 20 pack-years was approximately three times higher

关键词： Zinc Pancreas Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency Chronic pancreatitis Malnutrition

Temporal changes in inflammatory mitochondria-enriched microRNAs following traumatic brain injury and effects of miR-146a nanoparticle delivery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 514-522页

作者： Wang-Xia Wang Paresh Prajapati Hemendra j.Vekaria Malinda Spry Amber L.Cloud patrick G.Sullivan joe E.Springer Sanders Brown Center on Aging University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Department of Pathology&Laboratory Medicine University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Department of Neuroscience University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and contribute to all aspects of cellular *** previously reported that the activities of several mitochondria-enriched miRNAs regulating inflammation(i.e.,miR-142-3p,miR-142-5p,and miR-146a)are altered in the hippocampus at 3–12 hours following a severe traumatic brain *** the present study,we investigated the temporal expression profile of these inflammatory miRNAs in mitochondria and cytosol fractions at more chronic post-injury times following severe controlled cortical impact injury in *** addition,several inflammatory genes were analyzed in the cytosol *** analysis showed that while elevated levels were observed in cytoplasm,the mitochondria-enriched miRNAs,miR-142-3p and miR-142-5p continued to be significantly reduced in mitochondria from injured hippocampi for at least 3 days and returned to near normal levels at 7 days *** not statistically significant,miR-146a also remained at reduced levels for up to 3 days following controlled cortical impact injury,and recovered by 7 *** contrast,miRNAs that are not enriched in mitochondria,including miR-124a,miR-150,miR-19b,miR-155,and miR-223 were either increased or demonstrated no change in their levels in mitochondrial fractions for 7 *** one exception was that miR-223 levels were reduced in mitochondria at 1 day following *** major alterations were observed in sham operated *** temporal pattern was unique to mitochondria-enriched miRNAs and correlated with injury-induced changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics as well as expression levels of several inflammatory *** observations suggested a potential compartmental re-distribution of the mitochondria-enriched inflammatory miRNAs and may reflect an intracellular mechanism by which specific miRNAs regulate injury-induced inflammatory *** test this,we utilized a novel peptide-based

关键词： cell permeable peptide-delivery controlled cortical impact inflammatory pathway mitochondria-associated microRNA nanoparticle nuclear factor-kappa B traumatic brain injury

Non-destructive microstructural analysis by electrical conductivity:Comparison with hardness measurements in different materials

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第3期35卷 360-368页

作者： Gon?alo L.Sorger j.P.Oliveira patrick L.Inácio Norbert Enzinger Pedro Vila? R.M.Miranda Telmo G.Santos Department of Engineering Design and Production School of Engineering Aalto University Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State University UNIDEMI Departamento de Engenharia Mecanica e Industrial Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa IMAT-Institute of Materials Science Joining and FormingTU Graz

The use of non-destructive evaluation(NDE) techniques for assessing microstructural changes in processed materials is of particular importance as it can be used to assess, qualitatively, the integrity of any material/structure. Among the several NDE techniques available, electrical conductivity measurements using eddy currents attract great attention owing to its simplicity and reliability. In this work, the electrical conductivity profiles of friction stir processed Ti6Al4 V, Cu, Pb, S355 steel and gas tungsten arc welded AISI 304 stainless steel were determined through eddy currents and four-point probe. In parallel, hardness measurements were also performed. The profiles matched well with the optical macrographs of the materials: while entering in the processed region a variation in both profiles was always observed. One particular advantage of electrical conductivity profiles over hardness was evident: it provides a better resolution of the microstructural alterations in the processed materials. Moreover, when thermomechanical processing induces microstructural changes that modify the magnetic properties of a material,eddy currents testing can be used to qualitatively determine the phase fraction in a given region of the material. A qualitative relation between electrical conductivity measurements and hardness is observed.

关键词： Non-destructive evaluation techniques Electrical conductivity Hardness Friction stir processing Gas tungsten arc welding

Stroma-targeting strategies in pancreatic cancer:Past lessons,challenges and prospects

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第18期27卷 2105-2121页

作者： Faran Polani patrick M Grierson Kian-Huat Lim Division of Oncology Department of Internal MedicineBarnes-Jewish Hospital and The Alvin J.Siteman Comprehensive Cancer CenterWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMO 63110United States

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is projected to emerge as the second leading cause of cancer-related death after *** treatment resistance is perhaps the most significant factor that underlies the poor prognosis of *** date,combination chemotherapy remains the mainstay of treatment for most PDAC *** to other cancer types,treatment response of PDAC tumors to similar chemotherapy regimens is clearly much lower and *** from typically harboring genetic alterations that to date remain undruggable and are drivers of treatment resistance,PDAC tumors are uniquely characterized by a densely fibrotic stroma that has well-established roles in promoting cancer progression and treatment ***,emerging evidence also suggests that indiscriminate targeting and near complete depletion of stroma may promote PDAC aggressiveness and lead to detrimental *** conflicting results undoubtedly warrant the need for a more in-depth understanding of the heterogeneity of tumor stroma in order to develop modulatory strategies in favor of tumor *** advent of novel techniques including single cell RNA sequencing and multiplex immunohistochemistry have further illuminated the complex heterogeneity of tumor cells,stromal fibroblasts,and immune *** new knowledge is instrumental for development of more refined therapeutic strategies that can ultimately defeat this ***,we provide a concise review on lessons learned from past stromatargeting strategies,new challenges revealed from recent preclinical and clinical studies,as well as new prospects in the treatment of PDAC.

关键词： Stroma Pancreatic cancer Treatment resistance Cancer-associated fibroblasts Clinical trials

The Role and Effectiveness of Local Institutions in the Management of Forest Biodiversity in New Dabaga-Ulongambi Forest Reserve,Iringa Region-Tanzania

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Chinese journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2012年第1期10卷 111-115页

作者： Richard A.Giliba Zacharia j.Lupala Canisius j.Kayombo Yobu M.Kiungo patrick Mwendwa Forestry Training Institute Tanzania Kilolo District Natural Resources Office Iringa jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Kenya

This paper examines the role and effectiveness of locacal institutions in the management of forest biodiversity in New Dabaga-Ulongambi Forest Reserve, Tanzania. Data were obtained through questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions, participatory rural appraisal and field observations. The study revealed that the most remarkable local institutions connected to forest biodiversity management include： Village Natural Resources Man- agement Committee （92%）, tree nursery group （79.4%）, beekeep- ing groups （61.1%）, fish fanning （43.3%）, livestock rearing group （33.9%）. Main activities carried out by local institutions which directly contribute to the sustainability Of forest reserve include： forest patrols, fire extinguish, preparation of fire breaks, plant- ing of trees along the forest boundaries, creation of awareness, arresting of forest defaulters, participation in income generation activities. For the purpose of realization that local communities are capable of managing forest biodiversity through their traditional institutions, the policy should provide tangible opportunity for local communities to meet their needs as they manage the forests.

关键词： local institution participatory forest management forest biodiversity

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逻辑学基础

Bayesian inference of atomistic structure in functional materials

2017年

作者： patrick j. Hurley

本书主要介绍逻辑学基础知识, 包括非形式逻辑、直言命题、直言三段论、命题逻辑、自然演绎规则和谓词逻辑等。

ISBN: (数字)9787518411641

ISBN: (纸本)9787518411641

本书主要介绍逻辑学基础知识, 包括非形式逻辑、直言命题、直言三段论、命题逻辑、自然演绎规则和谓词逻辑等。

关键词：逻辑学

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 836-842页

作者： Milica Todorović Michael U.Gutmann jukka Corander patrick Rinke Department of Applied Physics Aalto UniversityP.O.Box 11100Aalto FI-00076Finland School of Informatics University of Edinburgh10 Crichton StreetEdinburgh EH89ABUK Institute of Basic Medical Sciences University of OsloSognsvannsveien 90372 OsloNorway Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of HelsinkiP.O.Box 68Helsinki FI-00014Finland

Tailoring the functional properties of advanced organic/inorganic heterogeneous devices to their intended technological applications requires knowledge and control of the microscopic structure inside the *** quantum mechanical simulation methods deliver accurate energies and properties for individual configurations,however,finding the most favourable configurations remains computationally *** propose a‘building block’-based Bayesian Optimisation Structure Search(BOSS)approach for addressing extended organic/inorganic interface problems and demonstrate its feasibility in a molecular surface adsorption *** BOSS,a Bayesian model identifies material energy landscapes in an accelerated fashion from atomistic configurations sampled during active *** allowed us to identify several most favourable molecular adsorption configurations for C_(60) on the(101)surface of TiO_(2) anatase and clarify the key molecule-surface interactions governing structural *** structures were in good agreement with detailed experimental images of this surface adsorbate,demonstrating good predictive power of BOSS and opening the route towards large-scale surface adsorption studies of molecular aggregates and films.

关键词： adsorption functional inorganic

Corneal collagen crosslinking in patients treated with dextran versus isotonic hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) riboflavin solution: a retrospective analysis

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Eye and Vision 2018年第1期5卷 211-216页

作者： patrick B.Rapuano Priya M.Mathews George j.Florakis Stephen L.Trokel Leejee H.Suh Department of Ophthalmology Edward S.Harkness Eye InstituteColumbia College of Physicians and Surgeons635 West 165th StreetNew YorkNY 10032USA

Background:Corneal collagen crosslinking(CXL)is a widely used treatment for halting the progression of *** initial studies of CXL were performed with a riboflavin solution containing dextran,recent protocols for CXL have indicated the use of a riboflavin solution containing isotonic hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC).This study was performed to investigate differences in visual outcomes and Scheimpflug(Pentacam)analysis in patients who have undergone epithelium-off CXL with riboflavin solution containing either 20%dextran versus 1.1%***:All patients in this non-randomized,non-masked,retrospective cohort analysis were treated at Edward *** Eye Institute,Columbia University Medical Center,New York,NY,***-seven eyes of 33 patients were crosslinked with a dextran solution and 19 eyes of 19 patients crosslinked with an isotonic HPMC solution,both using an epithelium-off 30-min,3 mW/cm2 *** patients had a diagnosis of keratoconus or postrefractive surgery *** spectacle corrected visual acuity(BSCVA)and Pentacam parameters were compared at all follow up visits(1,6,12,and 24 months).Differences between groups treated with HPMC and dextran were compared using student’s *** between treated eye and fellow eye were calculated and compared between HPMC and dextran groups using paired ***:Patients treated with a dextran solution had significantly greater improvement in BSCVA at 1,6,and 24 months(p<0.05)compared to the isotonic HPMC-treated *** increased in both groups at 1 month;however,HPMC-treated patients had a greater increase compared to dextran-treated patients(p=0.01).Kmax decreased in both groups at 6 and 12 months,although this finding was only significant in the HPMC-treated group at 12 ***:Our data suggest that crosslinking with the dextran solution may result in significantly better visual outcomes(demonstrated by visual acuity)compared to the isotonic HPMC ribof

关键词： Corneal crosslinking Isotonic HPMC Dextran