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A One Health approach to fight antimicrobial resistance in Uganda: Implementation experience, results, and lessons learned

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 125-132页

作者： Reuben Kiggundu j.P.Waswa Niranjan Konduri Hassan Kasuja Marion Murungi patrick Vudriko Harriet Akello Eric Lugada Cecilia Muiva Esther Were Dinah Tjipura Henry Kajumbula Kate Kikule Emmanuel Nfor Mohan P.joshi USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthArlingtonVA 22203USA College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and BiosecurityMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda Ministry of Health Uganda Kampala 256Uganda USAID Strengthening Supply Chain Systems Activity Management Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthNairobi 254Kenya Department of Microbiology College of Health SciencesMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda

Uganda has been implementing the Global Health Security Agenda(GHSA)since 2015 to build its capacity according to World Health Organization(WHO)Benchmarks on International Health Regulations *** country remains prone to outbreaks,with more than 20 disease outbreaks reported in the past five years,including Ebola virus disease,Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever,Marburg haemorrhagic fever,measles,yellow fever,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and *** resistance(AMR)is an ongoing *** scored capacity level 3 on infection prevention and control(IPC)and antimicrobial stewardship(AMS)in the 2017 joint External Evaluation(jEE)*** gaps were being addressed after a self-assessment in *** paper describes the technical assistance approaches provided to Uganda by the Medicines,Technologies,and Pharmaceutical Services Program,funded by the United States(U.S.)Agency for International Development,and implemented by Management Sciences for *** program,through a One Health approach,supported systematic capacity strengthening based on the jEE's capacity advancement framework for global health security,specifically relating to *** program's interventions impacted 32 WHO benchmark actions(7 for AMR multisectoral coordination,16 for IPC,and 9 for AMS),contributing to Uganda's strengthened GHSA *** success built on the AMR platform,the program trained 745 health workers in IPC for the Ebola virus and provided support for simulation exercises by eight district IPC *** program also worked with the Ministry of Health to coordinate IPC for the COVID-19 response in five health regions,covering 45 districts and reaching 5,452 health workers at 858 health facilities.

关键词： One health Antimicrobial resistance Antibiotic resistance jointexternal evaluation Global health security Uganda Africa WHO Benchmarks for International Health Regulations Capacities

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On the Dirichlet form of three-dimensional Brownian motion conditioned to hit the origin

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Science China Mathematics 2019年第8期62卷 1477-1492页

作者： patrick j. Fitzsimmons Liping Li Department of Mathematics University of California at San Diego San Diego CA 92093-0112 USA RCSDS HCMS Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Our concern in this paper is the energy form induced by an eigenfunction of a self-adjoint extension of the restriction of the Laplace operator to C_c^∞(R^3\{0}).We will prove that this energy form is a regular Dirichlet form with core C_c^∞(R^3).The associated diffusion X behaves like a 3-dimensional Brownian motion with a mild radial drift when far from 0,subject to an ever-stronger push toward 0 near that *** particular,{0}is not a polar set with respect to *** diffusion X is rotation invariant,and admits a skew-product representation before hitting{0}:its radial part is a diffusion on(0,∞)and its angular part is a time-changed Brownian motion on the sphere S^*** radial part of X is a"reflected"extension of the radial part of X^0(the part process of X before hitting{0}).Moreover,X is the unique reflecting extension of X^0,but X is not a semi-martingale.

关键词： Dirichlet form reflected extension rotationally invariant process Fukushima’s decomposition

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The role of crystallinity on differential attachment/ proliferation of osteoblasts and fibroblasts on poly （caprolactone-co-glycolide） polymeric surfaces

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2012年第1期6卷 47-59页

作者： Helen CUI patrick j.SINKO Advanced Technology and Regenerative Medicine(ATRM) LLCSomervilleNJ 08876USA Department of Pharmaceutics Ernest Mario School of PharmacyRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ 08854USA

The objective of the present study is to systematically evaluate the role of polymer crystallinity on fibroblast and osteoblast adhesion and proliferation using a series of poly（caprolactone-co-glycolide）（PCL/PGA） polymers. PCL/PGA polymers were selected since they reflect both highly crystalline and amorphous materials. PCL/PGA polymeric materials were fabricated by compression molding into thin films. Five compositions, from PCL or PGA to intermediate copolymeric compositions of PCL/PGA in ratios of 25：75, 35：65 and 45：55, were studied. Pure PCL and PGA represented the crystalline materials while the copolymers were amorphous. The polymers/copolymers were characterized using DSC to assess crystallinity, contact angle measurement for hydrophobicity, and AFM for nanotopography. The PCL/PGA films demonstrated similar hydrophobicity and nanotopography whereas they differed significantly in crystallinity. Cell adhesion to and proliferation on PCL/PGA films and proliferation studies were performed using osteoblasts and NIH-3T3 fibroblasts. It was observed that highly crystalline and rigid PCL and PGA surfaces were significantly more efficient in supporting fibroblast growth, whereas amorphous/flexible PCL/PGA 35：65 was significantly more efficient in supporting growth of osteoblasts. This study demonstrated that while chemical composition, hydrophobicity and surface roughness of PCL/PGA polymers were held constant, crystallinity and rigidity of PCL/PGA played major roles in determining cell responses.

关键词： crystallinity attachment proliferation osteoblast fibroblast PCL-PGA

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The refractive outcome of Toric Lentis Mplus implant in cataract surgery

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第5期9卷 699-702页

作者： patrick j Chiam Say A Quah Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre City Hospital Birmingham BH18 7QH United Kingdom Optegra Manchester Eye Hospital Manchester M20 2EY United Kingdom

AIM： To evaluate the refractive outcome of Toric Lentis Mplus intraocular lens（IOL） implant.· METHODS： This is a retrospective case *** patients with corneal astigmatism of at least1.5 D had Toric Lentis Mplus IOL implant during cataract surgery. The exclusion criteria included irregular astigmatism on corneal topography, large scotopic pupil diameter（〉6 mm）, poor visual potential and significant ocular comorbidity. Postoperative manifest refraction,uncorrected distance visual acuity（UDVA）, best-corrected distance visual acuity（BCVA）, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity at（UIVA） 3/4 m and uncorrected near visual acuity（UNVA） were obtained.·RESULTS： There were 70 eyes from 49 patients in this study. Patients were refracted at a median of 8.9wk（range 4.0 to 15.5） from the operation date. Sixty-five percent of eyes had 6/7.5（0.10 log MAR） or better, and99% 6/12（0.30 log MAR） or better postoperative ***-nine percent could read jaeger（j） 3（0.28 log MAR）and 95% j5（0.37 log MAR） at 40 cm. The median magnitude of astigmatism decreased from 1.91 D to 0.49 D（Wilcoxon, P〈0.001） after the operation. The range of the cylindrical error was reduced from 1.5-3.95 D（keratometric） preoperatively to 0.00-1.46 D（subjective refraction transposed to corneal plane） postoperatively.· CONCLUSION： Toric Lentis Mplus IOL has good predictability in reducing preexisting corneal astigmatism.

关键词： Toric Lentis Mplus multi-focal intraocular lens implant refractive outcome

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Atomic coordination dictates vibrational characteristics and thermal conductivity in amorphous carbon

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 525-531页

作者： Ashutosh Giri Connor j.Dionne patrick E.Hopkins Department of Mechanical Industrial and Systems EngineeringUniversity of Rhode IslandKingstonRI02881USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904USA Department of Physics University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVA22904USA

We discuss the role of atomic coordination in dictating the vibrational characteristics and thermal conductivity in amorphous *** systematic atomistic simulations on amorphous carbon structures at varying mass densities show the significant role played by the ratio of sp2 to sp3 hybridized bonds in dictating the contributions from propagating(phonon-like)and non-propagating vibrational modes and their influence on the overall thermal conductivities of the ***,our results show that as the concentration of sp3-bonded carbon atoms increases,the thermal conductivity can be increased by four fold,which is attributed to enhanced contributions from propagating modes in these amorphous *** results shed more light into the role of atomic coordination on dictating heat transfer mechanisms in amorphous materials,and also provide a deeper understanding of the ability to tune the thermal conductivity of amorphous carbon structures through the control of the local atomic coordination.

关键词： amorphous conductivity thermal

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Growth and form of Quercus robur and Fraxinus excelsior respond distinctly different to initial growing space: results from 24-year-old Nelder experiments

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journal of Forestry Research 2013年第1期24卷 1-14页

作者： Christian Kuehne patrick Pyttel Edgar Kublin jürgen Bauhus Institute of Silviculture University of FreiburgD-79085 Freiburg i.Br.Germany. Faculty of Forests and Forestry University of Applied Sciences Wei- henstephan-TriesdorfHans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 3D-85354 FreisingGermany Department of Biometry and Informatics Forest Research Station Baden-WürttembergPostfach 708D-79007 FreiburgGermany

Initial growing space is of critical importance to growth and quality development of individual trees. We investigated how mortality, growth （diameter at breast height, total height）, natural pruning （height to first dead and first live branch and branchiness） and stem and crown form of 24-year-old pedunculate oak （Quercus robur [L.]） and European ash （Fraxinus excelsior [L.]） were affected by initial spacing. Data were recorded from two replicate single-species Nelder wheels located in southern Germany with eight initial stocking regimes varying from 1,020 to 30,780 seedlings·ha？1. Mortality substantially decreased with increasing initial growing space but significantly differed among the two species, averaging 59% and 15% for oak and ash plots, respectively. In contrast to oak, the low self-thinning rate found in the ash plots over the investigated study period resulted in a high number of smaller intermediate or suppressed trees, eventually retarding individual tree as well as overall stand development. As a result, oak gained greater stem dimensions throughout all initial spacing regimes and the average height of ash significantly increased with initial growing space. The survival of lower crown class ashes also appeared to accelerate self-pruning dynamics. In comparison to oak, we observed less dead and live primary branches as well as a smaller number of epicormic shoots along the first 6 m of the lower stem of dominant and co-dominant ashes in all spacing regimes. Whereas stem form of both species was hardly affected by initial growing space, the percentage of brushy crowns significantly increased with initial spacing in oak and ash. Our findings suggest that initial stockings of ca. 12,000 seedlings per hectare in oak and 2,500 seedlings per hectare in ash will guarantee a sufficient number of at least 300 potential crop trees per hectare in pure oak and ash plantations at the end of the self-thinning phase, respectively. If the problem of epicormic shoots a

关键词： spacing trial stocking self-thinning intraspecific competition qualification spatially explicit modelling generalized additive model

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Geoparks： Celebrating Earth heritage, sustaining Local communities

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Episodes 2005年第4期28卷 274-278页

作者： patrick j. Mc Keever Nickolas Zouros Geological Survey of Northern Ireland Colby House Stranmillis Court Belfast BT9 5BF Ireland. Department of Geography University of the Aegean University Hill Mytilene GR-81100 Hellenic Republic.

For too long Earth Science has been the poor relative to Natural Sciences when it comes to conservation, preservation and public promotion. Today, however, in 25 territories across Europe, a combination of Earth Scientists, economists, professional marketers and local people are working together to promote the geological heritage of their areas. These European Geoparks not only advance the protection of their geological heritage but they also use it, in a truly sustainable way, to promote the economic well-being of the people who live there. With the full endorsement of UNESCO, this concept of geoparks is spreading to other parts of the world and is rapidly developing into a global concept. This article looks in detail at the geopark idea -- exactly what geoparks are, how they function, and what benefits they can bring both to geology and to the public.

关键词：地质公园地貌地质条件生态系统地质多样性

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A remark on Kac's scattering length formula

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Science China Mathematics 2013年第2期56卷 331-338页

作者： FITZSIMMONS patrick j. HE Ping YING jianGang Department of Mathematics University of California at San Diego Department of Applied Mathematics Shanghai University of Finance and Economics School of Mathematics Fudan University

The scattering length formula was formulated and proved in special cases by Kac in 1974 and *** was discussed by a series of authors,including Taylor 1976,Tamura 1992 and Takahashi *** formula was proved by Takeda 2010 in symmetric case and by He 2011 assuming weak *** this article,we shall use the powerful tool of Kutznetsov measures to prove this formula in the general framework of right Markov processes without further assumptions.

关键词： scattering length Kuznetsov measure capacity

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma: State of the Art Imaging and Recent Advances

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journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第1期7卷 72-85页

作者： patrick j.Navin Sudhakar K.Venkatesh Department of Radiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is increasing,with this trend expected to continue to the year *** follows a predictable course,which makes adequate identification and surveillance of at-risk individuals central to a successful ***,imaging is central to this surveillance,and ultimately to diagnosis and *** liver study groups throughout Asia,North America and Europe advocate a surveillance program for atrisk individuals to allow early identification of *** is the most commonly utilized imaging *** societies offer guidelines on how to diagnose *** Liver Image Reporting and Data System(LIRADS)was introduced to standardize the acquisition,interpretation,reporting and data collection of HCC *** LIRADS advocates diagnosis using multiphase computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)*** 2017 version also introduces contrast-enhanced ultrasound as a novel approach to ***,imaging techniques have evolved to improve diagnostic accuracy and characterization of HCC *** techniques,such as T1 mapping,intravoxel incoherent motion analysis and textural analysis,assess specific characteristics that may help grade the tumor and guide management,allowing for a more personalized approach to patient *** review aims to analyze the utility of imaging in the surveillance and diagnosis of HCC and to assess novel techniques which may increase the accuracy of imaging and determine optimal treatment strategies.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma CT MRI Ultrasound Advances

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Early Cretaceous Tectonics and Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第3期90卷 847-857页

作者： WU Zhenhan ZHAO Zhen patrick j. BAROSH YE Peisheng Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China P.j. Barosh andAssociates 103 Aaron Ave. Bristol RI 02809 USA Institute of Geomechanies Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Selected geological data on Early Cretaceous strata, structures, magmatic plutons and volcanic rocks from the Kunlun to Himalaya Mountains reveal a new view of the Early Cretaceous paleo-tectonics and the related geodynamic movement of the Tibetan Plateau. Two major paleo- oceans, the Mid-Tethys Ocean between the Qiangtang and Lhasa blocks, and the Neo-Tethys Ocean between the Lhasa and Himalayan blocks, existed in the Tibetan region in the Early Cretaceous. The Himalayan Marginal and South Lhasa Seas formed in the southern and northern margins of the Neo- Tethys Ocean, the Central Tibet Sea and the Qiangtang Marginal Sea formed in the southern and northern margins of the Mid-Tethys Ocean, respectively. An arm of the sea extended into the southwestern Tarim basin in the Early Cretaceous. Early Cretaceous intensive thrusting, magmatic emplacement and volcanic eruptions occurred in the central and northern Lhasa Block, while strike- slip formed along the Hoh-Xil and South Kunlun Faults in the northern Tibetan region. Early Cretaceous tectonics together with magmatic K20 geochemistry indicate an Early Cretaceous southward subduction of the Mid-Tethys Oceanic Plate along the Bangoin-Nujiang Suture which was thrust ~87 km southward during the Late Cretaceous-Early Cenozoic. No intensive thrust and magmatic emplacement occurred in the Early Cretaceous in the Himalayan and southern Lhasa Blocks, indicating that the spreading Neo-Tethys Oceanic Plate had not been subducted in the Early Cretaceous. To the north, terrestrial basins of red-beds formed in the Hoh-Xil, Kunlun, Qilian and the northeastern Tarim blocks in Early Cretaceous, and the Qiangtang Marginal Sea disappeared after the Qiangtang Block uplifted in the late Early Cretaceous.

关键词： Early Cretaceous paleo-tectonics subduction of the oceanic plate K20 geochemistry of granites Bangoin-Nujiang Suture the Tibetan Plateau

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