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Multiple sclerosis drug repurposing for neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 507-508页

作者： Peter Göttle Michael dietrich patrick Küry department of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system(CNS)and is primarily characterized by immune cell infiltration leading to relapses followed by remission phases and a disease course turning progressive over time with neurodegenerative processes taking over(Amin and Hersh,2023).Of note,beyond relapse-associated worsening early in disease progression independent of relapse activity may arise independently of relapse activity and can occur in all ***-mediated damage of myelin sheaths and the subsequent loss of mature oligodendrocytes are resulting in impaired axonal integrity,neurodegeneration and accounts for irreversible neuronal damage(Kuhlmann et al.,2023).The current landscape of available disease-modifying therapies comprises mainly immunomodulatory drugs that effectively diminish relapses and slow down progression at the onset form of the disease,namely relapsing MS(RMS).In this regard,a number of drugs have been approved as disease-modifying therapies for MS by US Food and drug Administration and European Medicines Agencies(Box 1).

关键词： drugs impaired irreversible

Pressureless sintering behavior and properties of Ag-SnO_2

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Rare Metals 2019年第1期38卷 35-41页

作者： Henri desplats Elodie Brisson Philippe Rogeon patrick Carré Alexandre Bonhomme department of Materials Engineering IRDL FRE CNRS 3744University of South Brittany Schneider Electric-Electropole 31 rue Pierre Mendes France

In this study, the results of measurements on pressureless sintering behavior of Ag-SnO_2(88%wt Ag,12%wt SnO_2) pellets were reported. dilatometric measurements, relative densities, hardness values, rupture transverse strength and electrical conductivities function of sintering temperatures were presented. A constant thermal expansion coefficient was determined, and a threshold temperature of densification(T_d) was exhibited. Sintering kinetics were reported for different temperatures. Hardness values were measured, and no increase in hardness is found under Td. Three-points bending tests were used to determine the transverse rupture strength whose evolution appears importantly well under Td. In the same manner, the increase in initial electrical conductivities begins well under Td. Under the threshold temperature, the relative increase in electrical conductivity is found to be independent of initial density of green compact pellets. This work highlights different evolutions in function of sintering temperature for the electrical conductivity and transverse rupture strength on the one hand, and for the densification and hardness on the other hand.

关键词： Ag-SnO2 Pressureless sintering dilatometry Mechanical properties Electrical conductivity

Machine learning sparse tight-binding parameters for defects

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1081-1091页

作者： Christoph Schattauer Milica Todorović Kunal Ghosh patrick Rinke Florian Libisch Institute for Theoretical Physics TU Wien1040ViennaAustria department of Applied Physics Aalto UniversityP.O.Box 11100AaltoFI-00076Finland department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of TurkuFI-20014TurkuFinland department of Information and Computer Science Aalto UniversityP.O.Box 15400AaltoFI-00076Finland

We employ machine learning to derive tight-binding parametrizations for the electronic structure of *** test several machine learning methods that map the atomic and electronic structure of a defect onto a sparse tight-binding *** Multi-layer perceptrons(i.e.,feed-forward neural networks)perform best we adopt them for our further *** demonstrate the accuracy of our parameterizations for a range of important electronic structure properties such as band structure,local density of states,transport and level spacing simulations for two common defects in single layer *** machine learning approach achieves results comparable to maximally localized Wannier functions(i.e.,dFT accuracy)without prior knowledge about the electronic structure of the defects while also allowing for a reduced interaction range which substantially reduces calculation *** is general and can be applied to a wide range of other materials,enabling accurate large-scale simulations of material properties in the presence of different defects.

关键词： structure electronic spacing

High resolution, binder-free investigation of the intrinsic activity of immobilized NiFe LdH nanoparticles on etched carbon nanoelectrodes

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Nano Research 2018年第11期11卷 6034-6044页

作者： patrick Wilde Stefan Barwe Corina Andronescu Wolfgang Schuhmann Edgar Ventosa Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electroche.mical Sciences (CES) Ruhr-Universitat Bochum Universitasstr. 150 D-44780 Bochum Germany IMdEA Energy Avda. Ramo de la Sagra 3 28935 Motoles Spain

The determination of the intrinsic properties of nanomaterials is essential for their optimization as electrocatalysts, however it poses great challenges from the standpoint of analytical tools and methods. Herein, we report a novel methodology that allows for a binder-free investigation of electrocatalyst nanoparticles. The potential-assisted immobilization of a non-noble metal catalyst, i.e., nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe LdH) nanoparticles, was employed to directly attach small nanoparticle ensembles from a suspension to the surface of etched carbon nanoelectrodes. The dimensions of this type of electrodes allowed for the immobilization of the catalyst material below the picogram scale and resulted in a high resolution towards the faradaic current response. In addition the effect of the electrochemical aging on the intrinsic activity of the catalyst was investigated in alkaline media by means of continuous cyclic voltammetry. A change in the material properties could be observed, which was accompanied by a substantial decrease in its intrinsic activity.

关键词： oxygen evolution reaction nickel-iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe LdH) immobilization nanoelectrocatalysis nanoelectrodes nanoimpacts

Alteration of Major Insulin Signaling Molecules by Chronic Ethanol in Hypertensive Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Rats

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CellBio 2013年第4期2卷 186-191页

作者： Sparkle d. williams Benny Washington department of Biological Sciences Tennessee State University Nashville USA

Insulin resistance is an important risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. However, despite its importance, the specific role of insulin resistance in the etiology of these diseases is poorly understood. At the same time, ethanol (ETOH) is a potent vasoconstrictor that primarily induces down regulation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) which could exacerbate insulin resistance and possibly lead to cardiovascular diseases. This article describes how chronic ETOH exposure interferes with insulin signaling in hypertensive vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs) which leads to the alteration of MAPKs, the major signaling molecules. Elevated (50 - 800 mM) chronic exposure (24 hr) of HVSMCS to ETOH prior to insulin stimulation decreased insulin-induced ERK 1/2 (MAPKs) and AKT expression. Similar experiments were conducted using normotensive cells from rat. These cells showed reductions in insulin-induced ERK 1/2 phosphorylation as well, but only at higher concentrations of ETOH (400 - 800 mM). These alterations in insulin signaling could provide an alternative molecular mechanism that may increase the risk of insulin resistance, thus increasing the possibility of cardiovascular diseases.

关键词： HVSMCs Ethanol Insulin ERK 1/2 AKT

Hydrothermal desulfurization on Porous Sulfonated CFR-PEEK Surface Structure Used for Implant Application

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2023年第2期20卷 748-761页

作者： Jingdan Li Wen Qin patrick Osei Lartey Yulong Fu Jing Ma School of Material Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024China

The poor wear resistance and bio-inertness surface of polyetheretherketone(PEEK)limits the implant applications of PEEK and its *** fiber(CFR)was used to boost the wear resistance of PEEK;however,the bioactivity of carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone(CFR-PEEK)composites is even *** bioactivity of CFR-PEEK can be enhanced by constructing 3d porous ***,large number of sulfur component introduced by sulfonation shows cytotoxicity and can cause damage to human ***,the sulfur component affects the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of sulfonated CFR-PEEK(SCFR-PEEK).Hydrothermal treatment can sweep away the sulfur component in the 3d porous structure of ***,the changes in crystallinity and hardness after hydrothermal treatment may also affect the wear ***,the effect of hydrothermal temperature on wear resistance,cytotoxicity and bioactivity of SCFR-PEEK were *** this work,the samples with hydrothermal temperature 90–120℃exhibited high wear *** 3d pore structure of SCFR-PEEK unchanged after hydrothermal treatment,and the sulfur component in the 3d pore structure gradually decreased with increasing hydrothermal temperature by SEM images and EdS *** addition,SCFR-PEEK treated in 90–120℃.Exhibited low cytotoxicity and high bioactivity,which is beneficial for the implant materials.

关键词： Biomaterials Hydrothermal treatment Cytotoxicity Microstructure Surface structure

drug repurposing for neuroregeneration in multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第8期13卷 1366-1367页

作者： patrick Kury david Kremer Peter Gottle department of Neurology Medical Faculty Heinrich-Heine-University Dfisseldorf Germany

Multiple sclerosis （MS） is a chronic, inflammatory and neu- rodegenerative disease of the central nervous system （CNS） affecting at least 2.5 million people worldwide. While the relapsing subtypes of MS are well treatable, the disease per se remains incurable and results in progressive disability. Its etiology is complex and far from being understood.

关键词： CNS

Implementation and application of PyNE sub-voxel R2S for shutdown dose rate analysis

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第9期24卷 145-151页

作者： Xiaokang ZHANG patrick C SHRIWISE Songlin LIU Paul P H WILSON Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S.Cass Ave.IL 60439United States of America University of Wisconsin-Madison 1500 Engineering DrMadisonWI 53706United States of America

PyNE R2S is a mesh-based R2S implementation with the capability of performing shutdown dose rate(SdR)analysis directly on CAd geometry with Cartesian or tetrahedral *** supports advanced variance reduction for fusion energy ***,the assumption of homogenized materials of PyNE R2S with a Cartesian mesh throughout a mesh voxel introduces an approximation in the case where a voxel covers multiple non-void *** work implements a sub-voxel method to add fldelity to PyNE R2S with a Cartesian mesh during the process of activation and photon source sampling by performing independent inventory calculations for each cell within a mesh voxel and using the results of those independent calculations to sample the photon source more *** sub-voxel R2S has been verifled with the Frascati Neutron Generator(FNG)-ITER and ITER computational shutdown dose rate benchmark *** results for sub-voxel R2S show satisfactory agreement with the experimental values or reference *** sub-voxel R2S has been applied to the shutdown dose rate calculation of the Chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor(CFETR).In conclusion,sub-voxel R2S is a reliable tool for SdR calculation and obtains more accurate results with the same voxel size than voxel R2S.

关键词： shutdown dose rate R2S sub-voxel PyNE

Relating Some Nonlinear Systems to a Cold Plasma Magnetoacoustic System

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Journal of Modern Physics 2020年第6期11卷 886-906页

作者： Jennie d’Ambroise Floyd L. williams department of Mathematics/CIS SUNY Old Westbury Old Westbury NY USA department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Massachusetts Amherst MA USA

Using a Gurevich-Krylov solution that describes the propagation of nonlinear magnetoacoustic waves in a cold plasma, we construct solutions of various other nonlinear systems. These include, for example, Madelung fluid, reaction diffusion, Broer-Kaup, Boussinesq, and Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman systems. We also construct dilaton field solutions for a Jackiw-Teitelboim black hole with a negative cosmological constant. The black hole metric corresponds to a cold plasma metric by way of a change of variables, and the plasma dilatons and cosmological constant also have an expression in terms of parameters occurring in the Gurevich-Krylov solution. A dispersion relation, moreover, links the magnetoacoustic system and a resonance nonlinear Schrödinger equation.

关键词： Cold Plasma Magnetoacoustic Waves Resonance Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation Reaction diffusion System Jackiw-Teitelboim Black Hole dilaton Field Ricci Scalar Curvature Jacobi Elliptic Function