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Implementation and application of PyNE sub-voxel R2S for shutdown dose rate analysis

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第9期24卷 145-151页

作者：张小康 patrick c SHRIwISE 刘松林 Paul P H wILSON Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031People’s Republic of China Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S.Cass Ave.IL 60439United States of America University of wisconsin-Madison 1500 Engineering DrMadisonWI 53706United States of America

PyNE R2S is a mesh-based R2S implementation with the capability of performing shutdown dose rate(SDR)analysis directly on cAD geometry with cartesian or tetrahedral *** supports advanced variance reduction for fusion energy ***,the assumption of homogenized materials of PyNE R2S with a cartesian mesh throughout a mesh voxel introduces an approximation in the case where a voxel covers multiple non-void *** work implements a sub-voxel method to add fldelity to PyNE R2S with a cartesian mesh during the process of activation and photon source sampling by performing independent inventory calculations for each cell within a mesh voxel and using the results of those independent calculations to sample the photon source more *** sub-voxel R2S has been verifled with the Frascati Neutron Generator(FNG)-ITER and ITER computational shutdown dose rate benchmark *** results for sub-voxel R2S show satisfactory agreement with the experimental values or reference *** sub-voxel R2S has been applied to the shutdown dose rate calculation of the chinese Fusion Engineering Testing Reactor(cFETR).In conclusion,sub-voxel R2S is a reliable tool for SDR calculation and obtains more accurate results with the same voxel size than voxel R2S.

关键词： shutdown dose rate R2S sub-voxel PyNE

what are extreme environmental conditions and how do organisms cope with them？

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current Zoology 2011年第3期57卷 363-374页

作者： John c. wINGFIELD J. patrick KELLEY Frederic ANGELIER Department of Neurobiology Physiology and Behavior University of California One Shields Avenue Davis CA 95616 U.S.A

Severe environmental conditions affect organisms in two major ways. The environment may be predictably severe such as in deserts, polar and alpine regions, or individuals may be exposed to temporarily extreme conditions through weather, presence of predators, lack of food, social status etc. Existence in an extreme environment may be possible, but then to breed or molt in addition can present major bottlenecks that have resulted in the evolution of hormone-behavior adaptations to cope with unpredictable events. Examples of hormone-behavior adaptations in extreme conditions include attenuated testosterone secretion because territoriality and excess courtship may be too costly when there is one opportunity to reproduce. The individual may even become insensitive to testosterone when target areas of the brain regulating reproductive behavior no longer respond to the hormone. A second example is reduced sensitivity to glucocorticoids following acute stress during the breeding season or molt that allows successful reproduction and/or a vital renewal of the integument to endure extreme conditions during the rest of the year. Reduced sensitivity could involve: (a) modulated response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, (b) reduced sensitivity to high glucocorticoid levels, or (c) a combination of (a) and (b). Moreover, corticosteroid binding proteins (cBP) buffer responses to stress by reducing the movement of glucocorticoids into target cells. Finally, intracellular enzymes (11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and variants) can deactivate glucocorticoids entering cells thus reducing interaction with receptors. These mechanisms have important implications for climate change and increasing extremes of weather.

关键词：极端环境生物体糖皮质激素蜕皮激素极端条件行为适应睾丸激素极端天气

Strong Suppression of Systemic Acquired Resistance in Arabidopsis by NRR is Dependent on its Ability to Interact with NPRland its Putative Repression Domain

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Molecular Plant 2008年第3期1卷 552-559页

作者： Mawsheng chern patrick E. canlas Pamela c. Ronald Department of Plant Pathology University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

Systemic Acquired Resistance （SAR） in plants confers lasting broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens and requires the phytohormone salicylic acid （SA）. Arabidopsis NPR1/NIM1 is a key regulator of the SAR response. Studies attempting to reveal the function of NPR1 and how it mediates SA signaling have led to isolation of two classes of proteins that interact with NPRI＂ the first class includes rice NRR, Arabidopsis NIMIN1, NIMIN2, and NIMIN3, and tobacco NIMIN2-1ike proteins; the second class belongs to TGA transcription factors. we have previously shown that overexpression of N RR in rice suppresses both basal and Xa21-mediated resistance. In order to test whether NRR affects SA-induced, NPRl-mediated SAR, we have transformed Arabidopsis with the rice NRR gene and tested its effects on the defense response. Expression of NRR in Arabidopsis results in suppression of PR gene induction by SAR inducer and resistance to pathogens. These phenotypes are even more severe than those of the nprl-1 mutant. The ability of NRR to suppress PR gene induction and disease resistance is correlated with its ability to bind to NPR1 because two point mutations in NRR, which reduce NPR1 binding, fail to suppress NPR1. In contrast, wild-type and a mutant NRR, which still binds to NPR1 strongly, retain the ability to suppress the SAR response. Replacing the c-terminal 79 amino acids of NRR with the VP16 activation domain turns the fusion protein into a transcriptional co-activator. These results indicate that NRR binds to NPR1 in vivo in a protein complex to inhibit transcriptional activation of PR genes and that NRR contains a transcription repression domain for active repression.

关键词： NRR NPR1 SA SAR disease resistance.

Plasticity in the antipredator behavior of the orange-footed sea cucumber under shifting hydrodynamic forces

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current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 685-695页

作者： Nicholas A.w.BROwN David R.wILSON patrick GAGNON Department of Ocean Sciences Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNewfoundlandA1C 5S7Canada Department of Psychology Memorial University of NewfoundlandSt.John'sNewfoundlandA1B 3X9Canada

Marine invertebrates that move too slowly to evade unfavorable environmental change may instead exhibit phenotypic plasticity,allowing them to adjust to varying *** orange-footed sea cucumber cucumaria frondosa is a slow-moving suspension feeder that is preyed on by the purple sunstar Solaster *** sea cucumber's antipredator behavior involves changing shape and detaching from the substratum,which might increase its probability of being displaced by water motion into an unsuitable *** hypothesized that sea cucumbers'antipredator responses would be diminished under stronger hydrodynamic forces,and that behavioral strategies would be flexible so that individuals could adjust to frequent changes in water *** a natural orange-footed sea cucumber habitat,individuals lived along a pronounced hydrodynamic gradient,allowing us to measure antipredator behavior under different water flow *** placed purple sunstars in physical contact with sea cucumbers living at various points along the gradient to elicit antipredator *** then repeated this procedure in a laboratory mesocosm that generated weak and strong hydrodynamic forces similar to those observed at the field *** in the mesocosm experiment were tested in both wave conditions to determine if their antipredator behavior would change in response to sudden environmental change,as would be experienced under deteriorating sea *** responses did not covary with hydrodynamic forces in the ***,antipredator responses in the mesocosm experiment increased when individuals were transplanted from strong to weak forces and decreased when transplanted from weak to strong ***,our results indicate environmentally induced plasticity in the antipredator behavior of the orange-footed sea cucumber.

关键词： behavioral plasticity benthic invertebrate predator-prey interaction reciprocal transplant experiment Solaster endeca.wave environment

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基于多变量概率模型的钻井周期预测方法

石油勘探与开发 2021年第4期48卷 851-860页

作者： LUU Quang Hung lau Man Fai NG Sebastian P.H. TING clement P.w. wEE Reuben THEN patrick H.H. 斯威本科技大学科学、工程与技术系澳大利亚霍桑3122 斯威本科技大学工程、计算与科学系马来西亚砂拉越93350 IDS公司马来西亚砂拉越93100

鉴于现有的预测钻井周期的方法忽视了影响钻井周期的关键因素因而精确度有限,提出采用多变量概率法预测钻井周期,并采用实测数据进行了算例分析和验证。利用自适应核密度估计法建立了各主要钻井阶段与深度相关的钻井周期概率模型,结合... 详细信息

鉴于现有的预测钻井周期的方法忽视了影响钻井周期的关键因素因而精确度有限,提出采用多变量概率法预测钻井周期,并采用实测数据进行了算例分析和验证。利用自适应核密度估计法建立了各主要钻井阶段与深度相关的钻井周期概率模型,结合蒙特卡洛模拟得出了一次完整钻井施工作业的总周期的概率分布。采用该方法对澳大利亚及亚洲地区192口井的钻井周期进行了预测。尽管现有数据记录不全,但经过统计分析发现,模型模拟结果与实测数据的匹配度很高。研究表明,在10%~90%的置信区间内,总钻井周期比无事故钻井周期延长至少4 d,至多12 d。采用该方法可以得到钻至一定深度的可能的施工周期,有利于评价整个钻井施工过程的风险,模拟数据还可以用于机器学习模型的训练。图10表2参34。

关键词：钻井周期多变量概率模型概率法马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛方法

Lemierre’s Syndrome Associated with campylobacter rectus Bacteremia

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2019年第1期1卷 27-29页

作者： Derek L.L.Hung Jade L.L.Teng Susanna K.P.lau patrick c.Y.woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina carol Yu centre for Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina collaborative Innovation center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Introduction campylobacter rectus is a Gram-negative,anaerobic rod,first described in 1981 as wolinella recta,subsequently re-classified to campylobacter based on phylogenetic analysis in 1991.1 It is found in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract,and is mainly implicated in oral and periodontal *** far,there are only a handful of case reports in the literature describing extra-oral invasive *** infections.2–6 Recently,we described a case of fatal *** infection,due to subdural empyema and ruptured mycotic intracranial aneurysm.2 In this article,we report a case of Lemierre’s syndrome associated with *** bacteremia.

关键词： Lemierre’s syndrome campylobacter rectus bacteremia

National Identity and the Beijing Olympics:School children's Responses in china's mainland,Taiwan & Hong Kong

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National Identity and the Beijing Olympics:School Children's...

Functional characterization and RNAi-Mediated Suppression Reveals Roles for Hexose Transporters in Sugar Accumulation by Tomato Fruit

文明的和谐与共同繁荣：文明的普遍价值和发展趋向——北京...

作者： patrick w.c.lau Michael H.S.Lam Beeto w.c.Leung Hong Kong Baptist University University of Hong Kong

The main purpose of this study was to examine the changes of national identity of china’s mainland,Hong Kong and Taiwan before,during and after the Beijing 2008 Olympic *** consists of three *** present study belongs to the phase *** 2 and 3 will be repeated measured in Mid August and December ***,the role of sport identity and physical activity level on the formation of national identity of chinese children would be investigated among these three *** differences of gender,age,birth and residential places,sport identity as well as physical activity level on national identity would be *** were 480 boys and 447 girls aged 12 to 17 years from junior secondary schools in china’s mainland,Hong Kong and Taiwan.A set of validated questionnaire was administered to assess the changes of national identity in the three time *** analysis revealed that national identity and sport identity as well as national identity and physical activity level were weakly associated. Multiple regression analysis was employed to examine the contribution of different constructs on children’s national *** birth-residential place and sport identity were found to be a significant predictor of national *** of independent t-test indicated that junior secondary students had significantly lower national identity and sport identity but higher physical activity level than senior secondary *** the other hand,no significant difference was found in national identity between the *** differences were only found in sport identity and physical activity levels,with boys higher than ***,One-way ANOVA demonstrated that the"china born-china residential"group had significantly higher level of physical activity than the 3 other groups. To conclude,the phase 1 cross sectional data revealed that Mainland chinese children demonstrated greatest national identity among the three regions before the B

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Molecular Plant 2010年第6期3卷 1049-1063页

作者： David w. Mccurdy Stephen Dibley Ricky cahyanegara Antony Martin John w. patrick School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW 2308 Australia

Hexoses accumulate to high concentrations （-200 mM） in storage parenchyma cells of tomato fruit. Hexoses are sourced from the fruit apoplasm as hydrolysis products of phloem-imported sucrose. Three hexose transporters （LeHT1, LeHT2, LeHT3）, expressed in fruit storage parenchyma ceils, may contribute to hexose uptake by these cells. An analysis of their full-length sequences demonstrated that all three transporters belong to the STP subfamily of monosaccharide transporters that localize to plasma membranes. Heterologous expression of LeHT1 （and previously LeHT2, Gear et al., 2000）, but not LeHT3, rescued a hexose transportimpaired yeast mutant when raised on glucose or fructose as the sole carbon source. Biochemically, LeHT1, similarly to LeHT2, exhibited transport properties consistent with a high- affinity glucose/H^＋ symporter. Significantly, LeHT1 and LeHT2 also functioned as low-affinity fructose/H^＋ symporters with apparent Km values commensurate with those of fruit tissues. A substantial reduction （80-90%） in fruit expression levels of all LeHT genes by RNAi-mediated knockdown caused a 55% decrease in fruit hexose accumulation. In contrast, photoassimilate production by source leaves and phloem transport capacity to fruit were unaffected by transporter knockdown. collectively, these findings demonstrate that LeHTs play key roles in driving accumulation of hexoses into storage parenchyma cells during tomato fruit development.

关键词： Fruit hexose transporter sink tomato RNAi.

Treatment with a JAK1/2 inhibitor ameliorates murine autoimmune cholangitis induced by IFN overexpression

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第10期19卷 1130-1140页

作者： Tihong Shao patrick S.c.Leung weici Zhang Koichi Tsuneyama william M.Ridgway Howard A.Young Zongwen Shuai Aftab A.Ansari M.Eric Gershwi Department of Rheumatology and Immunology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiChina Division of Rheumatology Allergyand Clinical ImmunologySchool of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedical SciencesTokushima University Graduate SchoolTokushimaJapan center for cancer Research National Cancer Institute-FrederickFrederickMDUSA

The interferon(IFN)signaling pathways are major immunological checkpoints with clinical significance in the pathogenesis of *** have generated a unique murine model named ARE-Del,with chronic overexpression of IFNγ,by altering IFNγ***,these mice develop an immunologic and clinical profile similar to patients with primary biliary cholangitis,including high titers of autoantibodies and portal *** hypothesized that the downregulation of IFN signaling pathways with a JAK1/2 inhibitor would inhibit the development and progression of *** study this hypothesis,ARE-Del^(+/−)mice were treated with the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib and serially *** inhibition resulted in a significant reduction in portal inflammation and bile duct damage,associated with a significant reduction in splenic and hepatic cD4^(+)T cells and cD8^(+)T ***,ruxolitinib inhibited the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokines IFNγand TNF from splenic cD4^(+)T ***,ruxolitinib treatment also decreased the frequencies of germinal center B(Gc B)cells and T follicular helper(Tfh)cells and led to lower serological AMA *** note,liver and peritoneal macrophages were sharply decreased and polarized from M1 to M2 with a higher level of IRF4 expression after ruxolitinib ***,ruxolitinib inhibited the secretion of IL-6,TNF and McP1 and the expression of STAT1 but promoted the expression of STAT6 in macrophages in vitro,indicating that M1 macrophage polarization to M2 occurred through activation of the STAT6-IRF4 *** data highlight the significance,both immunologically and clinically,of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in autoimmune cholangitis.

关键词： Primary biliary cholangitis Autoimmunity Interferons Janus Kinase Inhibitors Ruxolitinib