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What did we learn from preparing for cross-border transmission of Ebola virus disease into a complex humanitarian setting-The Republic of South Sudan?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第2期9卷 106-107页

作者： Olushayo Oluseun Olu Richard Lako Joseph Francis Wamala patrick otim ramadan Caroline Ryan Ifeanyi Udenweze Kibebu Berta Argata Guracha Guyo Alex Sokemawu Michael Tukuru Henry John Gray Alex Chimbaru World Health Organization Ebola Virus Disease preparedness team JubaRepublic of South Sudan 不详

Background:Following the West Africa Ebola virus disease(EVD)outbreak(2013-2016),WHO developed a preparedness checklist for its member *** checklist is currently being applied for the first time on a large and systematic scale to prepare for the cross border importation of the ongoing EVD outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo hence the need to document the lessons learnt from this *** is more pertinent considering the complex humanitarian context and weak health system under which some of the countries such as the Republic of South Sudan are implementing their EVD preparedness *** text:We identified four main lessons from the ongoing EVD preparedness efforts in the Republic South ***,EVD preparedness is possible in complex humanitarian settings such as the Republic of South Sudan by using a longer-term health system strengthening ***,the Republic of South Sudan is at risk of both domestic and cross border transmission of EVD and several other infectious disease outbreaks hence the need for an integrated and sustainable approach to outbreak preparedness in the ***,a phased and well-prioritized approach is required for EVD preparedness in complex humanitarian settings given the costs associated with preparedness and the difficulties in the accurate prediction of outbreaks in such ***,EVD preparedness in complex humanitarian settings is a massive undertaking that requires effective and decentralized ***:Despite a very challenging context,the Republic of South Sudan made significant progress in its EVD preparedness drive demonstrating that it is possible to rapidly scale up preparedness efforts in complex humanitarian contexts if appropriate and context-specific approaches are *** research,systematic reviews and evaluation of the ongoing preparedness efforts are required to ensure comprehensive documentation and application of the lessons learnt for future EV

关键词： Lessons learnt Ebola virus disease Preparedness Complex humanitarian settings The Republic of South Sudan

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Sustainable strategies for Ebola virus disease outbreak preparedness in Africa:a case study on lessons learnt in countries neighbouring the Democratic Republic of the Congo

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 60-69页

作者： Caroline S.Ryan Marie‑Roseline D.Belizaire Miriam Nanyunja Olushayo Oluseun Olu Yahaya Ali Ahmed Anderson Latt Matthew Tut Kol Bertrand Bamuleke Jayne Tusiime Nadia Nsabimbona Ishata Conteh Shamiso Nyashanu patrick otim ramadan Solomon Fisseha Woldetsadik Jean‑Pierre Mulunda Nkata Jim T.Ntwari Senya D.Nzeyimana Leopold Ouedraogo Georges Batona Vedaste Ndahindwa Elizabeth A.Mgamb Magdalene Armah Joseph Francis Wamala Argata Guracha Guyo Alex Yao Sokemawu Freeman Alexander Chimbaru Innocent Komakech Muhau Kuku Walter M.Firmino Grace E.Saguti Faraja Msemwa Shikanga O‑Tipo Precious C.Kalubula Ngoy Nsenga Ambrose Otau Talisuna WHO Sub-Regional Ofce for Africa NairobiKenya WHO Country Ofce BanguiCentral African Republic WHO Country Ofce JubaSouth Sudan WHO Regional Ofce for Africa BrazzavilleCongo WHO Sub-Regional Ofce for Africa DakarSenegal Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Addis AbabaEthiopia WHO Country Ofce BrazzavilleCongo WHO Coun‑try Ofce BujumburaBurundi WHO Country Ofce AsmaraEritrea WHO Country Ofce KigaliRwanda WHO Country Ofce KampalaUganda WHO Country Ofce LuandaAngola WHO Country Ofce Dar Es SalaamTanzania WHO Country Ofce LusakaZambia

Background: From May 2018 to September 2022, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) experienced seven Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreaks within its borders. During the 10th EVD outbreak (2018–2020), the largest experienced in the DRC and the second largest and most prolonged EVD outbreak recorded globally, a WHO risk assessment identified nine countries bordering the DRC as moderate to high risk from cross border importation. These countries implemented varying levels of Ebola virus disease preparedness interventions. This case study highlights the gains and shortfalls with the Ebola virus disease preparedness interventions within the various contexts of these countries against the background of a renewed and growing commitment for global epidemic preparedness highlighted during recent World Health Assembly *** text: Several positive impacts from preparedness support to countries bordering the affected provinces in the DRC were identified, including development of sustained capacities which were leveraged upon to respond to the subsequent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Shortfalls such as lost opportunities for operationalizing cross-border regional preparedness collaboration and better integration of multidisciplinary perspectives, vertical approaches to response pillars such as surveillance, over dependence on external support and duplication of efforts especially in areas of capacity building were also identified. A recurrent theme that emerged from this case study is the propensity towards implementing short-term interventions during active Ebola virus disease outbreaks for preparedness rather than sustainable investment into strengthening systems for improved health security in alignment with IHR obligations, the Sustainable Development Goals and advocating global policy for addressing the larger structural determinants underscoring these ***: Despite several international frameworks established at the global level for e

关键词： Ebola virus disease Emergency preparedness and response Lessons learned Case study International Health Regulations Democratic Republic of the Congo

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