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Cognitive and Behavioral Effects of Participatory Sex Education on the Dual Prevention of STI/HIV/AIDS and Unwanted Pregnancies among Adolescents in Kinshasa High Schools, DR Congo

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第4期4卷 204-215页

作者： Gabriel Vodiena Nsakala Yves Coppieters patrick kalambayi kayembe “Carnet de santé asbl” Communication Research and Health Promotion Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Epidemiology and Bio Statistics School of Public Health University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Research Centre “Policies and Health Systems-International Health” School of Public Health Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Brussels Belgium

Context: With the view to reorient both STI/HIV/AIDS prevention and adolescents pregnancies, this research study aims at evaluating cognitive and behavioral acquisitions, as well as the process of interactive sex education participatory approach among adolescents in Kinshasa high schools. Methods: Based on a “pre and post” virtually experimental design, two crosswise surveys were conducted in Kinshasa, for six months in 2011-2012 on 484 high school students (pre-survey) and on 441 high school students (post-survey), whose age range from 14 - 19 years including both sexes. Two participatory educational talks (PET) “A” and “B”, covered weekly in two different schools, were compared to a control group school. The PET “A” consisted of interactive interpersonal communication sessions given by an external expert as a substitute for the life education course in one school. The PET “B” carried out in another school, included more educational talk sessions, led by the external expert and supplemented by a close follow-up of teenagers divided into small groups of 10 participants. The subjects’ assessment was based on their knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to STI/HIV/AIDS dual prevention as well as to unwanted pregnancies. Results: The subjects involved in the PET “B” displayed a better/higher performance based on their knowledge, attitudes and practices related to STI/HIV/AIDS dual prevention and unwanted pregnancies. Broadly speaking, knowledge has been improved 6 times with the PET “B” (OR = 6, 10, IC 95%) (3.24 - 11.9), and 3 times with the PET “A” (OR = 3, 45, IC 95%) (1.79 - 6.81), compared to control school. Similarly, findings on subjects’ attitudes show an improvement rated 12 times with the PET”B” (OR = 11, 99, IC 95%) (5.67 - 27.38) and 5 times for the PET “A” (OR = 5.51, IC 95%) (2.54 - 12.87). As far as the subjects’ practices are concerned, an improvement of 6 more times of protected sexual intercourses with the PET “B” compared with the control school

关键词： Cognitive and Behavioral Effects Sex Education STI/HIV/AIDS Unwanted Pregnancies Adolescents DRC

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Perceptions of Health Warning Signs in Seriously Ill Woman of Childbearing Age in Kinshasa

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Health 2021年第8期13卷 886-902页

作者： Thérèse Nyangi Mondo Mambu patrick kalambayi kayembe Myriam Malengreau Bruno Dimonfu Lapika Faculty of Medicine Kinshasa School of Public Heath University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo School of Public Health Catholic University of Leuven Brussels Belgium Department of Sociology and Anthropology University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

Introduction: For seriously ill women of childbearing age, perceived health warning signs may influence decision of whether or not to seek care. Inaccurate perceptions of patients and those around them may lead to attitudes that delay seeking care. This study analyzes perceptions of danger and related delays to seek care in Kinshasa. Methods: Sixty deceased women who died between March and April 2004 were taken away from two Kinshasa mortuaries. History of disease and deaths were reconstructed through medical records and semi-structured interviews of family members and leaders. The Qualitative Software Research was used to conduct a qualitative analysis. Results: Perceived health warning signs had five manifestations: Specific clinical health warning signs, aggravation of non-specific signs, persistence of signs, indirect danger signs and superstitious signs. The incorrect perception of the signs was an important cause of late awareness of the danger and delayed decision to seek care. Conclusion: Misunderstandings of signs often delayed awareness of danger as well as decisions to seek appropriate care. Educational programs teaching health warning signs should be designed to promote the timely use of facilities.

关键词： Perception Health Warning Signs Seeking Care Kinshasa

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Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in the Democratic Republic of Congo: Analysis of Continuous Surveillance Data from 2007 to 2016

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Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2019年第1期7卷 25-44页

作者： Serge Bisuta-Fueza Jean Marie kayembe-Ntumba Marie-Jose Kabedi-Bajani Pascale Mulomba Sabwe Hippolyte Situakibanza-Nani Tuma Jean-Pierre Simelo Ernest Sumaili-Kiswaya John Ditekemena-Dinanga patrick kayembe-kalambayi Pneumology Unit University Hospital of Kinshasa University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Microbiology Medical Biology Department University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo National Tuberculosis Program Ministry of Public Health Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Infectious Diseases Unit Department of Internal Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Physiology Unit Department of Internal Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Community Health Kinshasa School of Public Health University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics Kinshasa School of Public Health University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

Background: For countries with limited resources such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), the diagnosis of Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is still insufficient. The MDR-TB identification is done primarily among at-risk groups. The knowledge of the true extent of the MDR-TB remains a major challenge. This study tries to determine the proportion of MDR-TB in each group of presumptive MDR-TB patients and to identify some associated factors. Methods: This is an analysis of the DRC surveillance between 2007 and 2016. The proportions were expressed in Percentage. The logistic regression permits to identify the associated factors with the RR-/MDR-TB with adjusted Odds-ratio and 95% CI. Significance defined as p ≤ 0.05. Results: Overall, 83% (5407/6512) of the MDR-TB presumptive cases had each a TB test. 86.5% (4676/5407) had each a culture and drug sensitive testing (DST) on solid medium, and 24.3% (1312/5407) had performed an Xpert MTB/RIF test. The proportion of those with at least one first-line drug resistance was 59.3% [95% CI 57.2 - 61.4] among which 50.1%, [95% CI 47.9 - 52.3] for the isoniazid, 45.6% [95% CI 43.4 - 47.8] for the rifampicin, 49.9% [95% CI 47.8 - 52.1] for ethambutol and 35.8% [95% CI 33.7 - 37.9] for streptomycin. The confirmation of MDR-TB was 42.8% [95% CI 38.4 - 47.8]. Combining both tests, the proportion of RR-/MDR-TB was 49.6% [95% CI 47.9 - 51.4] for all presumptives. This proportion was 60.0% for failures, 40.7% for relapses and 34.7% for defaulters. Associated factors with the diagnosis of MDR-TB were: aged less than 35 years;prior treatment failure;defaulters;the delay between the collection of sputum and the test completion. Conclusion: The proportion of RR-/MDR-TB among the presumptives has been higher than those estimated generally. The National tuberculosis programme (NTP) should improve patient follow-up to reduce TB treatment failures and defaulting. Moreover, while increasing the use of molecular tests, they sho

关键词： Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Resistance to Rifampicin Factors Associated DR Congo

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On Isodual Double Toeplitz Codes

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第5期37卷 2196-2206页

作者： SHI Minjia XU Li SOLé patrick Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education School of Mathematical Sciences Anhui University State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences CNRS University of Aix Marseille Centrale Marseille

Double Toeplitz（shortly DT） codes are introduced here as a generalization of double circulant codes. The authors show that such a code is isodual, hence formally self-dual（FSD）. FSD codes form a far-reaching generalization of self-dual codes, the most important class of codes of rate one-half. Self-dual DT codes are characterized as double circulant or double negacirculant. Likewise, even binary DT codes are characterized as double circulant. Numerical examples obtained by exhaustive search show that the codes constructed have best-known minimum distance, up to one unit, amongst formally self-dual codes, and sometimes improve on the known values. For q = 2, the authors find four improvements on the best-known values of the minimum distance of FSD codes. Over F4an explicit construction of DT codes, based on quadratic residues in a prime field, performs equally well. The authors show that DT codes are asymptotically good over Fq. Specifically, the authors construct DT codes arbitrarily close to the asymptotic Varshamov-Gilbert bound for codes of rate one half.

关键词： Double circulant codes double Toeplitz codes formally self-dual codes isodual codes

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Inducing neuronal regeneration and differentiation via the BDNF/ TrkB signaling pathway: a key target against neurodegenerative diseases?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 495-496页

作者： Mirjana Antonijevic patrick Dallemagne Christophe Rochais Normandie University UNICAENCERMNCaenFrance

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is one of the neurotrophins,a specific polypeptide growth factor,which plays a crucial role in the proliferation,differentiation,survival,and death of neurons and non-neuronal *** is not only essential to maintain the balance between death on one side and survival of neurons on the other,but also it mediates additional higher-order activities such as learning,memory,and *** is initially synthesized as a precursor protein,proBDNF,that can be secreted as it is or it can be cleaved intracellularly by furin and proconvertases,or extracellularly by extracellular proteases such as matrix metalloprotease-9 and matrix metalloprotease-2,or plasmin to give mature BDNF.

关键词： death diseases degenerative

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Diffraction limit of light in curved space

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 235-243页

作者： JINGXUAN ZHANG CHENNI XU patrick SEBBAH LI-GANG WANG School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Physics The Jack and Pearl Resnick Institute for Advanced TechnologyBar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel

Overcoming the diffraction limit is crucial for obtaining high-resolution images and observing fine *** this conventional difficulty still puzzling us and the prosperous development of wave dynamics of light interacting with gravitational fields in recent years,how spatial curvature affects the diffraction limit is an attractive and important *** we investigate the issue of the diffraction limit and optical resolution on two-dimensional curved space—surfaces of revolution(SORs)with constant or variable spatial *** show that the diffraction limit decreases and the resolution is improved on SORs with positive Gaussian curvature,opening a new avenue to *** diffraction limit is also influenced by the propagation direction,as well as the propagation distance in curved space with variable spatial *** results provide a possible method to control the optical resolution in curved space or equivalent waveguides with varying refractive index distribution and may allow one to detect the presence of the nonuniform strong gravitational effect by probing locally the optical resolution.

关键词： limit curved curvature

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Trombe walls with porous medium insertion and their influence on thermal comfort in flats in Cusco,Peru

Energy and Built Environment

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第2期5卷 194-210页

作者： patrick Facelli Sanchez Lisset Mercado Hancco Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Architecture and Civil EngineeringUniversidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco08003 CuscoPeru

The Trombe wall is a passive indirect heating system which should be used in Cusco,Peru to improve thermal conditions against the typical frosts and low temperatures during winter in the high Andean *** to this problem,the use of a modified Trombe wall with insertion of porous medium is proposed to improve thermal comfort in flat buildings in *** research aims to analyse and compare the performance of dwellings without Trombe wall,with traditional Trombe wall,and with Trombe wall with glass and plastic pellets insertion in thermal comfort ***■CFD was used to simulate and analyse the *** simulation was performed with three prototype flats(55 m^(2),75 m^(2) and 95 m^(2))for six months of the *** the results obtained,the level of thermal comfort in the traditional scenarios is low with an average PMV of-1.86,in the scenarios with Trombe wall is good and in the scenarios with Trombe wall with insertion of porous medium is slightly better than the previous one,reaching an average PMV of+0.10 and a temperature of 21.90℃.The study carried out is important because it represents an efficient eco-sustainable heating alternative that improves the thermal comfort sensation in houses during the coldest months of the year.

关键词： Trombe wall thermal comfort porous medium residential buildings computational fluid dynamics

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Multiple sclerosis drug repurposing for neuroregeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 507-508页

作者： Peter Göttle Michael Dietrich patrick Küry Department of Neurology Medical FacultyHeinrich-Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system(CNS)and is primarily characterized by immune cell infiltration leading to relapses followed by remission phases and a disease course turning progressive over time with neurodegenerative processes taking over(Amin and Hersh,2023).Of note,beyond relapse-associated worsening early in disease progression independent of relapse activity may arise independently of relapse activity and can occur in all ***-mediated damage of myelin sheaths and the subsequent loss of mature oligodendrocytes are resulting in impaired axonal integrity,neurodegeneration and accounts for irreversible neuronal damage(Kuhlmann et al.,2023).The current landscape of available disease-modifying therapies comprises mainly immunomodulatory drugs that effectively diminish relapses and slow down progression at the onset form of the disease,namely relapsing MS(RMS).In this regard,a number of drugs have been approved as disease-modifying therapies for MS by US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agencies(Box 1).

关键词： drugs impaired irreversible

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What Knowledge is of Most Worth?Considering the Neo-Confucians in the Contemporary Debate Between Moral and Intellectual Learning

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ECNU Review of Education 2024年第1期7卷 155-163页

作者： John patrick Shekitka Manhattanville College

●The perennial debate regarding the relative usefulness of various forms of knowledge,especially between the theoretical and practical and the intellectual and moral,lies at the heart of education in both past and present times in both the West and China(de Bary,1988,2004,2005,2015).●Neo-Confucians remain relevant in the 21st century and can help us to understand and elucidate contemporary debates in education-specifically,to answer the question Spencer asked nearly a century and a half ago:"What knowledge is of most worth?".●Mencius,Zhu Xi,Wang Yangming,Xu Ai,and Kang Youwei advocated for a type of learning that would strongly resonate with John Dewey(1938)and Paulo Freire(1970,1978).Foundational philosophies of education,particularly in the United States,have drawn heavily on 20th century European-American thinkers;this article attempts to correct this myopia and broaden perspectives.

关键词： Freire John Dewey Neo-Confucian

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Small activating RNA delivery in vivo:Challenges,prospects,and lessons learned from siRNA delivery

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8990-9002页

作者： Shalini Pandey patrick T.Bednarz Matthias A.Oberli Omid Veiseh Department of Bioengineering William Marsh Rice UniversityHouston 77030USA Xibus Systems 199 Dexter AveWatertown 02472USA

Over the last two decades,small activating RNAs(saRNAs)have quickly moved from discovery to clinical *** as 20 nucleotide long,double stranded RNA,saRNAs have the unique ability to increase gene transcription at the chromatin *** therapeutic modality has great potential as a safe and redosable alternative to gene therapy by increasing target protein expression without changing the genetic *** describe the successful in vivo saRNA delivery vectors and found that similar to small interfering RNA(siRNA)and mRNA targeting tissues outside the liver works best at the end of a *** highlight nanoparticle vectors and RNA-conjugates,where some success has been reported for non-hepatic delivery of saRNAaptamers.

关键词： small activating RNA hepatic bias lipid nanoparticles RNA-conjugates

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