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Early Cretaceous Tectonics and Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第3期90卷 847-857页

作者： WU Zhenhan ZHAO Zhen patrick j. BAROSH YE Peisheng Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037 China P.j. Barosh andAssociates 103 Aaron Ave. Bristol RI 02809 USA Institute of Geomechanies Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100081 China

Selected geological data on Early Cretaceous strata, structures, magmatic plutons and volcanic rocks from the Kunlun to Himalaya Mountains reveal a new view of the Early Cretaceous paleo-tectonics and the related geodynamic movement of the Tibetan Plateau. Two maj.r paleo- oceans, the Mid-Tethys Ocean between the Qiangtang and Lhasa blocks, and the Neo-Tethys Ocean between the Lhasa and Himalayan blocks, existed in the Tibetan region in the Early Cretaceous. The Himalayan Marginal and South Lhasa Seas formed in the southern and northern margins of the Neo- Tethys Ocean, the Central Tibet Sea and the Qiangtang Marginal Sea formed in the southern and northern margins of the Mid-Tethys Ocean, respectively. An arm of the sea extended into the southwestern Tarim basin in the Early Cretaceous. Early Cretaceous intensive thrusting, magmatic emplacement and volcanic eruptions occurred in the central and northern Lhasa Block, while strike- slip formed along the Hoh-Xil and South Kunlun Faults in the northern Tibetan region. Early Cretaceous tectonics together with magmatic K20 geochemistry indicate an Early Cretaceous southward subduction of the Mid-Tethys Oceanic Plate along the Bangoin-Nuj.ang Suture which was thrust ~87 km southward during the Late Cretaceous-Early Cenozoic. No intensive thrust and magmatic emplacement occurred in the Early Cretaceous in the Himalayan and southern Lhasa Blocks, indicating that the spreading Neo-Tethys Oceanic Plate had not been subducted in the Early Cretaceous. To the north, terrestrial basins of red-beds formed in the Hoh-Xil, Kunlun, Qilian and the northeastern Tarim blocks in Early Cretaceous, and the Qiangtang Marginal Sea disappeared after the Qiangtang Block uplifted in the late Early Cretaceous.

关键词： Early Cretaceous paleo-tectonics subduction of the oceanic plate K20 geochemistry of granites Bangoin-Nuj.ang Suture the Tibetan Plateau

SOME RECURRENCE FORMULAS FOR BOX SPLINES AND CONE SPLINES

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Analysis in Theory and Applications 2004年第4期20卷 297-306页

作者： patrick j. Van Fleet Department of Mathematics University of St. Thomas St. Paul MN 55105 USA

A degree elevation formula for multivariate simplex splines was given by Micchelli and extended to hold for multivariate Dirichlet splines in [8]. We report similar formulae for multivariate cone splines and box splines. To this end, we utilize a relation due to Dahmen and Micchelli that connects box splines and cone splines and a degree reduction formula given by Cohen, Lyche, and Riesenfeld in [2].

关键词： box spline cone spline degree elevation

Determination of fractional energy loss of waves in nearshore waters using an improved high-order Boussinesq-type model

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Chinese j.urnal of Oceanology and Limnology 2009年第3期27卷 621-629页

作者：何海伦宋金宝 patrick j. Lynett 李爽 Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves(KLOCAW) Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University

Fractional energy losses of waves due to wave breaking when passing over a submerged bar are studied systematically using a modified numerical code that is based on the high-order Boussinesq-type *** model is first tested by the additional experimental data,and the model's capability of simulating the wave transformation over both gentle slope and steep slope is ***,the model's breaking index is replaced and *** new breaking index,which is optimized from the several breaking indices,is not sensitive to the spatial grid length and includes the bottom *** tests show that the modified model with the new breaking index is more stable and efficient for the shallow-water wave ***,the modified model is used to study the fractional energy losses for the regular waves propagating and breaking over a submerged *** results have revealed that how the nonlinearity and the dispersion of the incident waves as well as the dimensionless bar height(normalized by water depth) dominate the fractional energy *** is also found that the bar slope(limited to gentle slopes that less than 1:10) and the dimensionless bar length(normalized by incident wave length) have negligible effects on the fractional energy losses.

关键词： breaking waves Boussinesq-type equations nearshore wave modeling fractional energy loss

A Thickness Gauge for the Lithosphere Based on Ce/Yb and Sm/Yb of Mantle–Derived Magmatic Rocks

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2018年第6期92卷 2120-2135页

作者： WU Zhenhan patrick j. BAROSH ZHANG Qichao WU j.wen YANG Yan Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing 100037China P.j.Barosh and Associates 103 Aaron Ave.BristolRI02809USA Institute of Karst Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesGuilin 541004China

A new method for determining the partial melting depth of mantle-derived magma and lithospheric thickness in continental regions is derived from REE geochemistry. This effective technique uses variations in the Ce/Yb and Sm/Yb ratios found in mainly volcanic rocks in continental China. The ratios change with the depth of origin consistent with the correlation between lithospheric thickness and the Ce/Yb and Sm/Yb ratios found in oceanic basalt. These ratios increase exponentially with the depth of origin, the lithospheric thickness, of a wide variety of Cenozoic volcanic basalt and Paleozoic kimberlite in the North China Craton, northeastern China continent and vicinity. This functional relationship with depth is shown in a plot of the ratios that forms a concordia curve, which is closely expressed by formulas using 8–degree polynomials. These provide a more accurate gage in measuring the lithospheric thickness than the traditional geophysical methods. When applied to volcanic rock of different ages it also reveals how the thickness has changed over time and thus, greatly aids the understanding of the tectonic history. Relations between the COcontent, mineral reactions and pressure in the upper asthenosphere beneath the base of the lithosphere appears to affect the proportions of REE in partial melts and brings about a close correlation between lithospheric thickness and the Ce/Yb and Sm/Yb ratios in mantle–derived magmatic rock. This thickness gauge, for both continental and oceanic lithosphere, provides a new approach in analyzing the lithospheric thickness in different tectonic settings and geologic times.

关键词： Ce/Yb and Sm/Yb ratios mantle–derived magmatic rock lithospheric thickness correlation analysis North China Craton

Tectonics and Topography of the Tibetan Plateau in Early Miocene

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2014年第2期88卷 410-424页

作者： WU Zhenhan YANG Yan patrick j. BAROSH WU Zhonghai ZHANG Yaoling Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences P.j. Barosh and Associates Institute of Geomechanics Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences

Early Miocene stratigraphy,maj.r structural systems,magmatic emplacement,volcanic eruption,vegetation change and paleo-elevation were analyzed for the Tibetan Plateau after regional geological mapping at a scale of 1：250,000 and related researches,revealing much more information for tectonic evolution and topographic change of the high plateau caused by Indian-Asian continental *** deposits of dolostone,dolomite limestone,limestone,marl,sandstone and conglomerate of weak deformation formed extensively in the central Tibetan Plateau,indicating that vast lake complexes as large as 100,000-120,000 km2 existed in the central plateau during Early *** assemblages contained in the lacustrine strata indicate the disappearance of most tropical-subtropical broad-leaved trees since Early Miocene and the flourishing of dark needle-leaved trees during Early *** vegetation changes adj.sted for latitude and global climate variations demonstrate that the central Tibetan Plateau rose to ca.4,000-4,500 m and the northeastern plateau uplifted to ca.3,500-4,000 m before the Early *** thrust and crustal thickening occurred in the areas surrounding central Tibetan Plateau in Early Miocene,formed Gangdise Thrust System （GTS） in the southern Lhasa block,Zedong-Renbu Thrust （ZRT） in the northern Himalaya block,Main Central Thrust （MCT） and Main Boundary Thrust （MBT） in the southern Himalaya block,and regional thrust systems in the Qaidam,Qilian,West Kunlun and Songpan-Ganzi *** basins formed in Early Miocene along maj.r thrust systems,*** Siwalik basin along MCT,Yalung-Zangbu Basin along GTS and ZRT,southwestern Tarim depression along West Kunlun Thrust,and large foreland basins along maj.r thrust systems in the northeastern margin of the *** volcanic eruptions formed in the Qiangtang,Hoh-Xil and Kunlun blocks,porphyry granites and volcanic eruptions formed in the Nainqentanglha and Gangdise Mts.,and leuco

关键词： Lacustrine deposits vast lakes elevation change regional thrust system Early Miocene Tibetan Plateau

Insight into the Structural Requirements of Protoporphyrino- gen Oxidase Inhibitors： Molecular Docking and CoMFA of Di- phenyl Ether, Isoxazole Phenyl, and Pyrazole Phenyl Ether

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Chinese j.urnal of Chemistry 2013年第9期31卷 1153-1158页

作者： Shenggang Yang Gefei Hao Franck E Dayan patrick j. Tranel Guangfu Yang Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan Hubei 430079 China USDA/ARS Natural Products Utilization Research Unit P.O. Box 8048 University MS 38677 USA Department of Crop Sciences University of lllinois Urbana IL 61801 USA

Protoporphyrinogen oxidase （PPO, EC 1.***.3.4） is one of the most significant targets for a large family of in- hibitors that may be used as herbicide, bactericide, fungicide, or photosensitizing activator to treat cancer through photodynamic therapy （PDT）. Molecular docking and CoMFA were combined in a multistep framework with the ultimate goal of identifying important factor contributing to the activity of PPO inhibitors. As a continuation of the previous research work on the development of new PPO inhibitors, the bioassay results indicated that good PPO in- hibitors were discovered in all of the three chemical series with ICs0 values ranging from 0.010 to 0.061 pmol·L ^-1. Using the crystal structure of tobacco mitochondrial PPO （mtPPO） as template, all the compounds were docked into the enzyme active site. The docking pose of each compound was subsequently used in a receptor-based alignment, leading to the development of a significant CoMFA model with r^2 value of 0.98 and q^2 （cross validation r^2） value of 0.63. This novel multistep framework gives insight into the and it can be extended to other classes of PPO inhibitors. In be particularly applicable in virtual screening procedures. structural characteristics for the binding of inhibitors, addition, the simplicity of the proposed approach may

关键词： protoporphyrinogen oxidase Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Comparative Mo-lecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) diphenyl ether isoxazole phenyl pyrazole phenyl ether

A One Health approach to fight antimicrobial resistance in Uganda: Implementation experience, results, and lessons learned

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 125-132页

作者： Reuben Kiggundu j.P.Waswa Niranj.n Konduri Hassan Kasuj. Marion Murungi patrick Vudriko Harriet Akello Eric Lugada Cecilia Muiva Esther Were Dinah Tj.pura Henry Kaj.mbula Kate Kikule Emmanuel Nfor Mohan P.j.shi USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthArlingtonVA 22203USA College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and BiosecurityMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda Ministry of Health Uganda Kampala 256Uganda USAID Strengthening Supply Chain Systems Activity Management Sciences for HealthKampala 256Uganda USAID Medicines Technologiesand Pharmaceutical Services ProgramManagement Sciences for HealthNairobi 254Kenya Department of Microbiology College of Health SciencesMakerere UniversityKampala 256Uganda

Uganda has been implementing the Global Health Security Agenda(GHSA)since 2015 to build its capacity according to World Health Organization(WHO)Benchmarks on International Health Regulations *** country remains prone to outbreaks,with more than 20 disease outbreaks reported in the past five years,including Ebola virus disease,Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever,Marburg haemorrhagic fever,measles,yellow fever,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),and *** resistance(AMR)is an ongoing *** scored capacity level 3 on infection prevention and control(IPC)and antimicrobial stewardship(AMS)in the 2017 j.int External Evaluation(j.E)*** gaps were being addressed after a self-assessment in *** paper describes the technical assistance approaches provided to Uganda by the Medicines,Technologies,and Pharmaceutical Services Program,funded by the United States(U.S.)Agency for International Development,and implemented by Management Sciences for *** program,through a One Health approach,supported systematic capacity strengthening based on the j.E's capacity advancement framework for global health security,specifically relating to *** program's interventions impacted 32 WHO benchmark actions(7 for AMR multisectoral coordination,16 for IPC,and 9 for AMS),contributing to Uganda's strengthened GHSA *** success built on the AMR platform,the program trained 745 health workers in IPC for the Ebola virus and provided support for simulation exercises by eight district IPC *** program also worked with the Ministry of Health to coordinate IPC for the COVID-19 response in five health regions,covering 45 districts and reaching 5,452 health workers at 858 health facilities.

关键词： One health Antimicrobial resistance Antibiotic resistance j.intexternal evaluation Global health security Uganda Africa WHO Benchmarks for International Health Regulations Capacities

Analysis of Transcriptome Changes Induced by Ptr ToxA in Wheat Provides Insights into the Mechanisms of Plant Susceptibility

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 1067-1083页

作者： Iovanna Pandelova Melania F. Betts Viola A. manning Larry j. Wilhelm Todd C. Mockler Lynda M. Ciuffetti Department of Botany and Plant Pathology and Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing Oregon State University Corvallis OR 97331 USA

To obtain greater insight into the molecular events underlying plant disease susceptibility, we studied transcriptome changes induced by a host-selective toxin of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, Ptr ToxA （ToxA）, on its host plant, wheat. Transcriptional profiling of ToxA-treated leaves of a ToxA-sensitive wheat cultivar was performed using the GeneChip Wheat Genome Array. An improved and up-to-date annotation of the wheat microarray was generated and a new tool for array data analysis （BRAT） was developed, and both are available for public use via a web-based interface. Our data indicate that massive transcriptional reprogramming occurs due to ToxA treatment, including cellular responses typically associated with defense. In addition, this study supports previous results indicating that ToxA-induced cell death is triggered by impairment of the photosynthetic machinery and accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Based on results of this study, we propose that ToxA acts as both an elicitor and a virulence factor.

关键词： Gene expression transcriptome analysis defense responses fungal pathogenesis plant-microbe interactions host-selective toxin.

Differential mRNA Translation in Medicago truncatula Accessions with Contrasting Responses to Ozone-Induced Oxidative Stress

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Molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 187-204页

作者： Michael Puckett Niranj.ni j. lyer YuhongTang Xin-Bin Dai patrick Zhao Ramamurthy Mahalingam 246 Noble Research Center Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 USA Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation 2510 Sam Noble Parkway Ardmore OK 73401 USA

Acute ozone is a model abiotic elicitor of oxidative stress and a useful tool for understanding biochemical and molecular events during oxidative signaling. Two Medicago truncatula accessions with contrasting responses to ozone were used to examine translational regulation during ozone stress. In ozone-resistant j.154, significant reduction in ri- bosome loading was observed within one hour of ozone treatment, suggesting energy homeostasis as a vital factor for oxidative stress management. Polysomal RNA-based expression profiling with Affymetrix arrays revealed extensive changes in the translatomes of both accessions. Messenger RNAs with low GC content in their 5＇ and 3＇-UTRs were pref- erentially associated with polysomes during oxidative stress. Genebins analysis revealed extensive changes in various gene ontologies in both accessions. Extensive changes in nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism genes were corrobo- rated with increased levels of NAD＋ and NADH in j.154. The significantly lower NAD＋：NADH redox status in j.154, in conj.nction with higher ATP amounts, provided a cellular milieu conducive for overcoming oxidative stress. Low levels of ATP, NADH, and suppression of antioxidant defense responses, abet build-up of ozone-derived ROS and ultimately lead to oxidative cell death in j.malong.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress oxidative and photo-oxidative stress gene expression Medicago truncatula.