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National preparedness survey of pediatric intensive care units with simulation centers during the coronavirus pandemic

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2020年第5期9卷 74-87页

作者： Kamal Abulebda Rami A Ahmed Marc A Auerbach Anna M Bona Lauren E Falvo patrick g hughes Isabel T gross Elisa J Sarmiento Paul R Barach Department of Pediatrics Division of Critical CareIndiana University School of MedicineRiley Hospital for Children at Indiana University HealthIndianapolisIN 46202United States Department of Emergency Medicine School of MedicineIndiana UniversityIndianapolisIN 46202United States Department of Pediatrics Division of Pediatrics Emergency MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06504United States Department of Integrated Medical Science Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca RatonFL 33431United States Department of Emergency Medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06504United States Department of Pediatrics Wayne State University School of MedicineDetroitMI 48202Jefferson College of Population HealthPhiladelphiaPA19107United States

The coronavirus disease pandemic caught many pediatric hospitals unpreparedand has forced pediatric healthcare systems to scramble as they examine and planfor the optimal allocation of medical resources for the highest priority *** is limited data describing pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) preparednessand their health worker *** describe the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) preparedness effortsamong a set of PICUs within a simulation-based network *** A cross-sectional multi-center national survey of PICU medical director(s) fromchildren’s hospitals across the United States. The questionnaire was developedand reviewed by physicians with expertise in pediatric critical care, disasterreadiness, human factors, and survey development. Thirty-five children’shospitals were identified for recruitment through a long-established nationalresearch network. The questions focused on six themes: (1) PICU and medicaldirector demographics;(2) Pediatric patient flow during the pandemic;(3)Changes to the staffing models related to the pandemic;(4) Use of personalprotective equipment (PPE);(5) Changes in clinical practice and innovations;and(6) Current modalities of training including *** report on survey responses from 22 of 35 PICUs (63%). The majority of PICUswere located within children’s hospitals (87%). All PICUs cared for pediatricpatients with COVID-19 at the time of the survey. The majority of PICUs (83.4%)witnessed decreases in non-COVID-19 patients, 43% had COVID-19 dedicatedunits, and 74.6% pivoted to accept adult COVID-19 patients. All PICUsimplemented changes to their staffing models with the most common changesbeing changes in COVID-19 patient room assignment in 50% of surveyed PICUsand introducing remote patient monitoring in 36% of the PICU units. Ninety-fivepercent of PICUs conducted training for donning and doffing of enhanced *** 6 months into the pandemic, one-third of PICUs across the U

关键词： COVID-19 Pediatric intensive care unit Simulation Practice innovations Training Preparedness

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Variations in Probability Assessment With Atypical Scenarios

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Management Studies 2024年第4期12卷 245-247页

作者： Warren Richard hughes University of Waikato HamiltonNew Zealand

Probability assessment in some scenarios may involve unusual aspects such as requiring certain values for some events and extremely high or low probabilities in other cases.

关键词： probability assessment pairwise values spreadsheets

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Transformer for the Design of Automatic Control Systems with Prefilters

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第3期12卷 575-586页

作者： Isaac hughes John F. O’Brien Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Wyoming Laramie USA

A machine learning model, using the transformer architecture, is used to design a feedback compensator and prefilter for various simulated plants. The output of the transformer is a sequence of compensator and prefilter parameters. The compensator and prefilter are linear models, preserving the ability to analyze the system with linear control theory. The input to the network is a window of recent reference and output samples. The goal of the transformer is to minimize tracking error at each time step. The plants under consideration range from simple to challenging. The more difficult plants contain closely spaced, lightly damped, complex conjugate pairs of poles and zeros. Results are compared to PID controllers tuned for a similar crossover frequency and optimal phase margin. For simple plants, the transformer converges to solutions which overly rely on the prefilter, neglecting the maximization of negative feedback. For more complex plants, the transformer designs a compensator and prefilter with more desirable qualities. In all cases, the transformer can start with random model parameters and modify them to minimize tracking error on the step reference.

关键词： Feedback Machine Learning Compensator Design

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Structural design of light-emitting fibers and fabrics for wearable and smart devices

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Science Bulletin 2024年第15期69卷 2439-2455页

作者： Xiaoxiao Yu Linfeng Chen Junyan Zhang Wei Yan Theo hughes-Riley Yanhua Cheng Meifang Zhu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Nottingham Trent University Nottingham NG14GGUnited Kingdom

Flexible light-emitting fibers and fabrics serve to bridge human–machine interactions. The desire for practical applications and the commercialization of flexible light-emitting fibers has accelerated structural progress and improvements. This review focuses on the structural design of light-emitting fibers and fabrics, starting with a summary of design principles, emission mechanisms, and structural evolution of coaxial structured light-emitting fibers. Subsequently, we explore recent advances in the helical structure design strategies that boost the mechanical sensitivity of light-emitting fibers. Following that, we analyze continuous preparation processes and the development of large-area intelligent light-emitting fabrics based on interwoven structures. Examples based on stiff and rigid inorganic-based lightemitting diodes integrated into flexible systems are also presented. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and future opportunities for light-emitting applications in the field of wearable and smart devices.

关键词： Light-emitting fiber Structure design Wearable electronic Flexible optoelectronic fiber Large-scale fabric Electronic textile

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草地贪夜蛾对新入侵地区蝙蝠超声波胁迫的行为反应和转录组分析

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生态学报 2024年

作者：石林云张亚宁江廷磊杨采青孙成 Alice Catherine hughes 张爱兵首都师范大学生命科学学院东北师范大学吉林省动物资源保护与利用重点实验室香港大学生物科学学院

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是一种极具破坏性的入侵物种，对粮食作物构成重大威胁。蝙蝠是鳞翅目昆虫的重要天敌之一，控制着鳞翅目昆虫的生存和数量。为探究草地贪夜蛾在到达新的入侵地区后，是否以及如何对入侵地的食虫蝙蝠发... 详细信息

草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda是一种极具破坏性的入侵物种，对粮食作物构成重大威胁。蝙蝠是鳞翅目昆虫的重要天敌之一，控制着鳞翅目昆虫的生存和数量。为探究草地贪夜蛾在到达新的入侵地区后，是否以及如何对入侵地的食虫蝙蝠发出的超声波做出响应，本研究首先观察并记录了草地贪夜蛾在暴露于入侵地蝙蝠超声波前后的行为变化，然后以正常环境中的成虫作为对照，对暴露于蝙蝠超声0.5、3、12、24、48小时和72小时的一日龄雄性草地贪夜蛾转录组进行比较分析。转录组的综合分析为研究蝙蝠超声信号对草地贪夜蛾产生的分子变化提供有价值的信息。行为结果表明，在草地贪夜蛾听觉范围内的入侵地蝙蝠超声波可以显著降低蛾类的行为活动，表明这些信号可能在成虫的行为中起着至关重要的作用。转录组分析表明，蝙蝠超声胁迫诱导了草地贪夜蛾体内广泛的基因表达变化，与对照组相比，不同时长的超声刺激下共鉴定出2389个显著上调基因和2491个显著下调基因，将在多个时间点均显著上调或下调的521个基因定义为草地贪夜蛾对蝙蝠超声响应的关键基因。对这些关键基因的gO和KEgg富集分析进一步揭示了蝙蝠超声胁迫对草地贪夜蛾的不同影响过程，结果显示215个上调基因与神经信号传递、声音感知、听觉受体细胞发育、氧化应激和恐惧反应等过程高度相关，306个下调基因主要富集在各种能量代谢途径和生物合成过程中。通过qRT-PCR实验验证了转录组分析结果的可靠性。本研究为草地贪夜蛾应对蝙蝠超声胁迫的生物学和分子机制提供了新的见解，并为今后开发更有效、更环保的方法控制鳞翅目害虫提供更多依据。

关键词：草地贪夜蛾入侵物种超声波胁迫行为活动转录组

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Refractory very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease associated with cytosolic isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase deficiency:A case report

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2020年第15期26卷 1841-1846页

作者： Andrew Fagbemi William g Newman Stuart g Tangye Stephen M hughes Edmund Cheesman Peter D Arkwright Department of Paediatric gastroenterology Royal Manchester Children’s HospitalManchester M199WLUnited Kingdom Department of Medical genetics Manchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom Evolution and genomic Sciences University of ManchesterManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom garvan Institute of Medical Research DarlinghurstNSW 2010Australia St Vincent’s Clinical School Faculty of MedicineUNSW AustraliaSydneyNSW 2010Australia Department of Paediatric Allergy and Immunology Royal Manchester Children’s HospitalManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom Department of Paediatric Histopathology St Mary’s HospitalManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation University of ManchesterManchester M139WLUnited Kingdom

BACKgROUND Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases/ligases(ARSs)are highly conserved enzymes involved in attaching amino acids to tRNA promoting protein *** deficiencies of ARSs localized to the mitochondria classically present with neuropathology,the clinical features of cytosolic ARS deficiencies are more *** have previously been associated with neonatal hepatitis,but never with early-onset inflammatory bowel *** SUMMARY A nine-year-old Bangladeshi boy presented with neonatal liver failure and deranged clotting,transaminitis and *** parents were first *** older brothers and a sister were *** patient suffered from loose stools from early infancy which became more troublesome and persistent from five years old with ten bloody motions a *** endoscopies showed persistent pancolitis,which was refractory to mesalazine,corticosteroids,azathioprine,sirolimus and anti-TNF(adalimumab)therapy,but has improved recently with subcutaneous *** genome Sequencing revealed a novel pathogenic missense variant(c.290A>g)in the cytosolic isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase gene,leading to an amino acid substitution(***97gly).Pathogenic variants in other genes associated with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)(ADAM17,EgFR,FOXP3,IL10RA,IL10RB,IL21R,NCF4,STAT3)were *** assays demonstrated markedly elevated IL-2,IL-5,IL-13,IL-9 and IL-10 by the patient’s CD4+T-cells,while IL-17A,IL-17F,IFNβwere lower,and TNFαnot significantly different when compared to healthy *** This case report provides evidence that recessive mutations in cytosolic isoleucyltRNA synthetase are a novel monogenic cause of IBD,which should be considered,particularly in infants and children with a history of neonatal hepatitis and very early-onset IBD poorly responsive to treatment.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Hepatitis gene Cytosolic isoleucine tRNA synthase

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Poly(ADP-ribose),adherens junctions,vinculin and the actin cytoskeleton:Current evidence,future perspectives and implications

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BIOCELL 2022年第12期46卷 2531-2535页

作者： LAURA LAFON-hughes Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable Ministerio de Educación y CulturaMontevideo11600Uruguay Centro Universitario Regional Litoral Norte Universidad de la RepúblicaSalto50000Uruguay

Poly(ADP-ribose)(PAR)is a highly negatively charged *** is synthesized by poly(ADP-ribose)polymerases(PARPs)and is involved in the assembly and stabilization of macromolecular ***,the presence and putative roles of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation(PARylation)associated to adherens junctions(AJ)and the actin cytoskeleton in epithelial and Schwann cells,is *** hypothesis generated by analogy,stating that PAR is associated to AJ in other cell types,is *** to this hypothesis,PAR associated to puncta adherentia in chemical synapses would participate in plasticity,learning and *** turn,PAR associated to fascia adherens in cardiomyocytes,would affect heart *** inhibitors are currently under development and clinical *** research in different tissues will probably influence their clinical uses.

关键词： PARP Tankyrase Epithelia Neuron Schwann cell Cardiomyocyte Vinculin

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Use of stimulatory responsive soft nanoparticles for intracellular drug delivery

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Nano Research 2023年第5期16卷 6974-6990页

作者： Krystal A hughes Bishal Misra Maryam Maghareh Sharan Bobbala Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences West Virginia University School of PharmacyMorgantownWV 26505USA Department of Clinical Pharmacy West Virginia University School of PharmacyMorgantownWV 26505USA

Drug delivery has made tremendous advances in the last *** therapies are increasingly common,with intracellular delivery highly impactful and sought *** drug delivery systems have limitations due to imprecise and non-targeted release *** way this can be addressed is through using stimuli-responsive soft nanoparticles,which contain materials with an organic backbone such as lipids and *** choice of biomaterial is essential for soft nanoparticles to be responsive to internal or external *** nanoparticle must retain its integrity and payload in non-targeted physiological conditions while responding to particular intracellular environments where payload release is *** internal and external factors could stimulate the intracellular release of drugs from *** stimuli include pH,oxidation,enzymes,while external stimuli include ultrasound,light,electricity,magnetic *** responsive soft nanoparticulate systems specifically utilized to modulate intracellular delivery of drugs are explored in this review.

关键词： nanoparticles biomaterials stimuli-responsive targeted delivery intracellular drug delivery

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c-Met signaling in the development of tumorigenesis and chemoresistance: Potential applications in pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2014年第26期20卷 8458-8470页

作者： Daniel Delitto Eva Vertes-george Steven J hughes Kevin E Behrns Jose g Trevino Department of Surgery University of Florida-Gainesville Department of Pathology University of Florida-Gainesville

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the 4th leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. The majority of patients are candidates only for palliative chemotherapy, which has proven largely ineffective in halting tumor progression. One proposed mechanism of chemoresistance involves signaling via the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor protein (MET), a previously established pathway critical to cell proliferation and migration. Here, we review the literature to characterize the role of MET in the development of tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemoresistance, highlighting the potential of MET as a therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer. In this review, we characterize the role of c-Met in the development of tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemoresistance, highlighting the potential of c-Met as a therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer.

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma c-Met Chemoresistance Receptor tyrosine kinase

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How functional programming mattered

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National Science Review 2015年第3期2卷 349-370页

作者： Zhenjiang Hu John hughes Meng Wang National Institute of Informatics Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chalmers University of Technology School of Computing University of Kent Department of Informatics SOKENDAI(Graduate University for Advanced Studies)

In 1989 when functional programming was still considered a niche topic, hughes wrote a visionary paper arguing convincingly ‘why functional programming maters’. More than two decades have passed. Has functional programming really matered? Our answer is a resounding ‘Yes!’. Functional programming is now at the forefront of a new generation of programming technologies, and enjoying increasing popularity and inluence. In this paper, we review the impact of functional programming, focusing on how it has changed the way we may construct programs, the way we may verify programs, and fundamentally the way we may think about programs.

关键词： functional programming functional languages equational reasoning monad high order function

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