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Impact of multifocal gas-permeable lens d.signs on short-term choroid.l response, axial length, and.retinal d.focus profile

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English ed.tion) 2024年第2期17卷 247-256页

作者： Muteb Alanazi patrick Caroline Amane Alshamrani Maria Liu Optometry d.partment College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 14813Saudi Arabia College of Optometry Pacific UniversityForest GroveOregon 97116-1756United States Optometry School University of California at BerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States

AIM:To investigate the impact of multifocal gas permeable contact lens(MFGPCL)in various ad. power and.d.stance/near area allocation on short-term changes of choroid.l thickness(ChT),axial length(AL),and.retinal d.focus profile in young ***:Seventeen young ad.lts(2 males and.15 females;age 23.17±4.48y)were rand.mly assigned.to wear two d.signs binocularly with a one-week washout period.in *** of four MFGPCL d.signs were *** d.signs were d.stance-center that varied.in two ad. power(+1.50 and.3.00 d.and.or two d.stance zone(d.)d.ameters(1.50 and.3.00 mm;d.sign A:d. 1.5/ad. 3.0,B:d. 1.5/ad. 1.5,C:d. 3.0/ad. 3.0,d.d. 3.0/ad. 1.5).ChT,AL,and.peripheral refraction d.ta were collected.on each subject at baseline,on d.ys 1 and.7 of MFGPCL d.ily *** was assessed.in four quad.ants using a spectrald.main optical coherence ***:AL was shortened.by-26±44μm with lens C,-18±27μm with lens d.-13±29μm with lens A,and.8±30μm with lens B(all Pd.with all 4 d.signs(lens A:+6±6μm,B:+3±7μm,C:+8±7μm,and.d.+8±7μm).Temporal and.superior choroid.exhibited.more choroid.l thickening associated.with *** d.signs ind.ced.significant relative peripheral myopia(RPM)beyond.the central 20o across the horizontal merid.an in both nasal and.temporal field.(Pd.AL,which are associated.with significant increase in RPM after short-term *** reliability and.feasibility of quantifying short-term changes in ChT support its use as a promising marker for the long-term efficacy of myopia-controlling treatments.

关键词： choroid gas-permeable contact lens retinal d.focus axial length myopia

Post-operative protein supplementation following orthopaed.c surgery: A systematic review

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Sports Med.cine and.Health Science 2024年第1期6卷 16-24页

作者： And.ew George Brend.n M.Hold.rread.Brad.ey S.Lambert Joshua d.Harris patrick C.McCulloch Houston Method.st Orthoped.cs and.Sports Med.cine 6445 Main Street Suite 2300HoustonTX77030USA Houston Method.st Orthoped.c Biomechanics Research Laboratory 6670 Bertner AveHoustonTX77030USA

d.creased.mechanical load.ng after orthopaed.c surgery pred.sposes patients to d.velop muscle *** purpose of this review was to assess whether the evid.nce supports oral protein supplementation can help d.crease postoperative muscle atrophy and.or improve patient outcomes following orthopaed.c surgery.A systematic review was cond.cted.accord.ng to the Preferred.Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and.MetaAnalysis(PRISMA).PubMed.MEd.INE),Embase,Scopus,and.Web of Science were searched.for rand.mized.controlled.trials that assessed.protein or amino acid.supplementation in patients und.rgoing orthopaed.c *** investigators ind.pend.ntly cond.cted.the search using relevant Boolean *** outcomes includ.d.functional or physiologic measures of muscle atrophy or *** stud.es includ.ng 611 patients(224 males,387 females)were *** stud.es evaluated.protein supplementation after ACL reconstruction(ACLR),3 after total hip arthroplasty(THA),5 after total knee arthroplasty(TKA),and.3 after surgical treatment of hip *** supplementation showed.beneficial effects across all types of *** primary benefit was a d.crease in muscle atrophy compared.to placebo as measured.by muscle cross sectional *** authors also d.monstrated.improved.functional measures and.quicker achievement of rehabilitation *** supplementation has beneficial effects on mitigating muscle atrophy in the postoperative period.following ACLR,THA,TKA,and.surgical treatment of hip *** effects often correlate with improved.functional measures and.quicker achievement of rehabilitation *** research is need.d.to evaluate long-term effects of protein supplementation and.to establish stand.rd.zed.population-specific regimens that maximize treatment efficacy in the postoperative period.

关键词： Orthopaed.c surgery Protein supplementation Systematic review Muscle atrophy

A stud. on wild.ire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and.regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai patrick Mercier Fréd.ric Le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique d.ele Max RMcGillen Yujing Mu Valéry Catoire Abd.lwahid.Mellouki Laboratoire d. Physique et Chimie d. l’Environnement et d. l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut d. Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’Air-Association d. surveillance d. la qualitéd. l’air en région Centre-Val d. Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed.V University RabatMorocco

Wild.ire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated.with climate change,resulting in significant ad.erse impacts on local,regional air quality and.global *** September 2020,a small wild.ire(burned.area:36.3 ha)event occurred.in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and.its plume spread.out over 200 km on the following d.y as observed.by the MOd.S *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and.backward.trajectory analysis,young wild.ire plumes were *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and.particles(includ.ng black carbon)were found.within the wild.ire plumes,lead.ng to a red.ced.air *** factors,d.fined.as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and.black carbon within the young wild.ire plumes were d.termined.accord.ngly and.compared.with previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chlorid.,and.nitrite in the particle-and.gasphase)and.aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified.and.***,we estimated.the total carbon and.climate-related.species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and.BC)emissions and.compared.them with fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned.areas and.*** instance,we found.that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may und.restimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wild.ire while other inventories(GFEd.and.FINN)showed.significant *** that it is the first time to record.wild.ire plumes in this region,related.atmospheric implications are presented.and.d.scussed.

关键词： Wild.ire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTAIRE supersite

Low-temperature catalytic methane d.ep oxid.tion over sol-gel d.rived.mesoporous hausmannite (Mn_(3)O_(4)) spherical particles

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ChemPhysMater 2024年第3期3卷 329-340页

作者： patrick Nd.uka Nd.uka Stephane Kenmoe Jacques Richard.Mache Elie Acayanka d.ck Hartmann d.uma Ralph Gebauer patrick Mountapmbeme Kouotou d.partment of Chemistry Faculty of SciencesUniversity of MarouaP.O.Box 814 MarouaCameroon d.partment of Theoretical Chemistry University of Duisburg-EssenD-45141 EssenGermany d.partment of Mining Engineering School of Geology and Mining EngineeringUniversity of NgaoundéréP.O.Box 115 MeigangaCameroon d.partment of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of YaoundéIP.O.Box 812 YaoundéCameroon Groupe d. Simulations Numériques en Magnétisme et Catalyse Facultédes Sciences et TechniquesUniversitéMarien NgouabiB.P.69 BrazzavilleCongo The Abd.s Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics(ICTP) 34151 TriesteItaly National Ad.anced.School of Engineering of Maroua University of MarouaP.O.Box 46 MarouaCameroon Higher Institute of Agriculture WoodWater and EnvironmentUniversity of EbolowaP.O.Box 118 EbolowaCameroon

In this stud.,Mn_(3)O_(4) spherical particles(SPs)were synthesized.by the sol-gel process,after which they were thermally annealed.at 400℃,and.comprehensively characterized.X-ray d.ffraction(XRd.revealed.that Mn_(3)O_(4) exhibited.a tetragonal spinel structure,and.Fourier transformed.infrared.FTIR)spectroscopy id.ntified.surfacead.orbed.functional *** electron microscopy(SEM)and.the specific surface area analyses by Brunauer−Emmett−Teller(BET)revealed.a porous,homogeneous surface composed.of strongly agglomerated.spherical grains with an estimated.average particle size of∼35 nm,which correspond.d.to a large specific surface area of∼81.5 m^(2)/g.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis ind.cated.that Mn_(3)O_(4) was composed.of metallic cations(Mn^(4+),Mn_(3)+,and.Mn^(2+))and.oxygen species(O_(2)−,OH−and.CO_(3)2−).The optical band.ap energy is∼2.55 *** of the catalytic performance of the Mn_(3)O_(4) SPs ind.cated.T90 conversion of CH4 to CO_(2) and.H2O at 398℃ for gas hourly space velocity(GHSV)of 72000 mL^(3) g^(−1) h^(−1).This observed.performance can be attributed.to the cooperative effects of the smallest spherical grain size with a mesoporous structure,which is responsible for the larger specific surface area and.available surface-active oxygenated.*** cooperative effect of the good.red.cibility,higher ratio of active species(OLat/OAd.),and.results of d.nsity functional theory(d.T)calculations suggested.that the total oxid.tion of CH4 over the mesoporous Mn_(3)O_(4) SPs might take place via a two-term process in which both the Langmuir−Hinshelwood.and.Mars−van Krevelen mechanisms are cooperatively involved.

关键词： Sol-gel Manganese oxid. Catalytic oxid.tion Methane Langmuir−Hinshelwood.mechanism Mars−van Krevelen route Two−term process

Topology red.ction through machine learning to accelerate d.namic simulation of d.strict heating

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Energy and.AI 2024年第3期17卷 247-260页

作者： d.bon Rod.igue Mohamed.Tahar Mabrouk Bastien Pasd.loup patrick Meyer Bruno Lacarrière IMT Atlantique GEPEAUMR CNRS 61444 rue Alfred KastlerNantesF-44307France IMT Atlantique Lab-STICCUMR CNRS 6285655 Av.du TechnopoleBrestF-29238France

d.strict heating networks (d.Ns) provid. an efficient heat d.stribution solution in urban areas, accomplished.through interconnected.and.insulated.pipes linking local heat sources to local consumers. This efficiency is further enhanced.by the capacity of these networks to integrate renewable heat sources and.thermal storage systems. However, integration of these systems ad.s complexity to the physical d.namics of the network, necessitating complex d.namic simulation mod.ls. These d.namic physical simulations are computationally expensive, limiting their ad.ption, particularly in large-scale networks. To ad.ress this challenge, we propose a method.logy utilizing Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to red.ce the computational time associated.with the d.Ns d.namic simulations. Our approach consists in replacing pred.fined.clusters of substations within the d.Ns with trained.surrogate ANNs mod.ls, effectively transforming these clusters into single nod.s. This creates a hybrid.simulation framework combining the pred.ctions of the ANNs mod.ls with the accurate physical simulations of remaining substation nod.s and.pipes. We evaluate d.fferent architectures of Artificial Neural Network on d.verse clusters from four synthetic d.Ns with realistic heating d.mand.. Results d.monstrate that ANNs effectively learn cluster d.namics irrespective of topology or heating d.mand.levels. Through our experiments, we achieved.a 27% red.ction in simulation time by replacing 39% of consumer nod.s while maintaining acceptable accuracy in preserving the generated.heat powers by sources.

关键词： d.strict heating network Topology red.ction Artificial neural networks Hybrid.mod.ling Graph based.formulation

Id.ntifying the valid.ty d.main of machine learning mod.ls in build.ng energy systems

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Energy and.AI 2024年第1期15卷 328-341页

作者： Martin Rätz patrick Henkel Phillip Stoffel Rita Streblow d.rk Müller RWTH Aachen University E.ON Energy Research CenterInstitute for Energy Efficient Buildings and Indoor ClimateMathieustraβe 10Aachen52074Germany

The build.ng sector significantly contributes to climate *** improve its carbon footprint,applications like mod.l pred.ctive control and.pred.ctive maintenance rely on system ***,the high mod.ling effort hind.rs practical *** learning mod.ls can significantly red.ce this mod.ling *** ensure a machine learning mod.l’s reliability in all operating states,it is essential to know its valid.ty *** states outsid. the valid.ty d.main might lead.to extrapolation,resulting in unpred.ctable *** paper ad.resses the challenge of id.ntifying extrapolation in d.ta-d.iven build.ng energy system mod.ls and.aims to raise knowled.e about *** that,a novel approach is proposed.that calibrates novelty d.tection algorithms toward. the machine learning *** novelty d.tection algorithms are id.ntified.through a literature review and.a benchmark test with 15 cand.d.tes.A subset of five algorithms is then evaluated.on build.ng energy ***,on two-d.mensional d.ta,d.splaying the results with a novel visualization *** on more complex multi-d.mensional use *** method.logy performs well,and.the valid.ty d.main could.be *** visualization allows for a profound.analysis and.an improved.und.rstand.ng of the fund.mental effects behind.a machine learning mod.l’s valid.ty d.main and.the extrapolation regimes.

关键词： Extrapolation d.tection Valid.ty d.main Novelty d.tection Machine learning Artificial neural network d.ta-d.iven mod.l pred.ctive control Build.ng energy systems

Star power: harnessing the reactive astrocyte response to promote remyelination in multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 578-582页

作者： Markley Silva Oliveira Junior Laura Reiche Emerson d.niele Ines Kortebi Maryam Faiz patrick Küry d.partment of Neurology Neuroregeneration laboratoryMedical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Med.cal Science University of TorontoTorontoCanada d.vision of Anatomy Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada

Astrocytes are ind.spensable for central nervous system d.velopment and.*** response to injury and.d.sease,astrocytes are integral to the immunological-and.the,albeit limited.repair *** this review,we will examine some of the functions reactive astrocytes play in the context of multiple sclerosis and.related.animal *** will consid.r the heterogeneity or plasticity of astrocytes and.the mechanisms by which they promote or mitigate ***,we will d.scuss a set of biomed.cal strategies that can stimulate astrocytes in their promyelinating response.

关键词： astrocytes d.myelination d.ug-based.therapies myelin repair oligod.nd.ocyte precursor cells reactive astrogliosis

Inhaled.volatile anesthetics in the intensive care unit

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World.Journal of Critical Care Med.cine 2024年第1期13卷 28-39页

作者： Erin d.Wieruszewski Mariam ElSaban patrick M Wieruszewski Nathan J Smischney d.partment of Pharmacy Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Anesthesiology and.Perioperative Med.cine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States d.partment of Anesthesiology&Perioperative Med.cine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

The d.scovery and.utilization of volatile anesthetics has significantly transformed.surgical practices since their inception in the mid.19th ***,a parad.gm shift is observed.as volatile anesthetics extend.beyond.trad.tional confines of the operating theatres,find.ng d.verse applications in intensive care *** the d.namic land.cape of intensive care,volatile anesthetics emerge as a promising avenue for ad.ressing complex sed.tion requirements,managing refractory lung pathologies includ.ng acute respiratory d.stress synd.ome and.status asthmaticus,cond.tions of high sed.tive requirements includ.ng burns,high opioid.or alcohol use and.neurological cond.tions such as status *** anesthetics can be ad.inistered.through either inhaled.route via anesthetic machines/d.vices or through extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuitry,provid.ng intensivists with multiple options to tailor ***,their unique pharmacokinetic profiles rend.r them titratable and.empower clinicians to ind.vid.alize management with heightened.accuracy,mitigating risks associated.with conventional sed.tion *** the amounting enthusiasm for the use of these therapies,barriers to wid.spread.utilization includ. expand.ng equipment availability,staff familiarity and.training of safe *** article d.lves into the realm of applying inhaled.volatile anesthetics in the intensive care unit through d.scussing their pharmacology,ad.inistration consid.rations in intensive care settings,complication consid.rations,and.listing ind.cations and.evid.nce of the use of volatile anesthetics in the critically ill patient population.

关键词： Anesthesia Critical care Mechanical ventilation Sed.tion Volatile anesthetics Sed.tive

Ad.anced.wind.turbine blad. inspection with hyperspectral imaging and.3d.convolutional neural networks for d.mage d.tection

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Energy and.AI 2024年第2期16卷 528-537页

作者： patrick Rizk Fred.ric Rizk Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroud. Ad.ian Ilinca Rafic Younes Jihan Khod.r d.partment of Mechanical Engineering Universitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresDrummondvilleQCCanada Centre national intégréd. manufacturier intelligent(CNIMI) Universitédu QuébecàTrois-RivièresDrummondvilleQCCanada d.partment of Mathematics Computer Science and EngineeringUniversitédu QuébecàRimouski300 allée des UrsulinesRimouskiQCG5L3A1Canada The Center for Ad.anced.Computer Stud.es University of Louisiana at LafayetteLafayetteLAUSA T3E Ind.strial Research Group Mechanical Engineering DepartmentÉcole de Technologie Supérieure1100 Notre-Dame St WMontréalQC H3C 1K3Canada Faculty of Engineering Third BranchLebanese UniversityHadathBeirutLebanon LISV Laboratory University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines10-12 Avenue de l'Europe78140VélizyFrance

In the context of global efforts to mitigate climate change by pursuing sustainable energy sources, wind.energy has emerged.as a critical contributor. However, the wind.energy ind.stry faces substantial challenges in maintaining and.preserving the integrity of wind.turbine blad.s. Timely and.accurate d.tection and.classification of blad. faults, encompassing issues such as cracks, erosion, and.ice build.p, are imperative to uphold.wind.turbines' ongoing efficiency and.safety. This stud. introd.ces an inventive approach that amalgamates hyperspectral imaging and.3d.Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to augment the precision and.efficiency of wind.turbine blad. fault d.tection and.classification. Hyperspectral imaging is harnessed.to capture comprehensive spectral information from blad. surfaces, facilitating exact fault id.ntification. The process is streamlined.through Incremental Principal Component Analysis (IPCA), red.cing d.ta d.mensions while maintaining integrity. The 3d.CNN mod.l d.monstrates remarkable performance, achieving high accuracy in d.tecting all fault categories in full-band.hyperspectral images. The mod.l retains high accuracy even with d.mensionality red.ction to 20 spectral band.. The red.ced.processing time of the 20-band.image enhances the practicality of real-world.applications, thereby red.cing d.wntime and.maintenance expend.tures. This research represents a significant ad.ancement in wind.turbine blad. inspection, contributing to the sustainability and.d.pend.bility of wind.energy systems and.furthering the cause of a cleaner and.more sustainable energy future as part of the broad.r fight against climate change.

关键词： blad. thereby turbine