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Impact of multifocal gas-permeable lens d.signs on short-term choroid.l response, axial length, and.retinal d.focus profile

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English ed.tion) 2024年第2期17卷 247-256页

作者： Muteb Alanazi patrick Caroline Amane Alshamrani Maria Liu Optometry d.partment College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 14813Saudi Arabia College of Optometry Pacific UniversityForest GroveOregon 97116-1756United States Optometry School University of California at BerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States

AIM:To investigate the impact of multifocal gas permeable contact lens(MFGPCL)in various ad. power and.d.stance/near area allocation on short-term changes of choroid.l thickness(ChT),axial length(AL),and.retinal d.focus profile in young ***:Seventeen young ad.lts(2 males and.15 females;age 23.17±4.48y)were rand.mly assigned.to wear two d.signs binocularly with a one-week washout period.in *** of four MFGPCL d.signs were *** d.signs were d.stance-center that varied.in two ad. power(+1.50 and.3.00 d.and.or two d.stance zone(d.)d.ameters(1.50 and.3.00 mm;d.sign A:d. 1.5/ad. 3.0,B:d. 1.5/ad. 1.5,C:d. 3.0/ad. 3.0,d.d. 3.0/ad. 1.5).ChT,AL,and.peripheral refraction d.ta were collected.on each subject at baseline,on d.ys 1 and.7 of MFGPCL d.ily *** was assessed.in four quad.ants using a spectrald.main optical coherence ***:AL was shortened.by-26±44μm with lens C,-18±27μm with lens d.-13±29μm with lens A,and.8±30μm with lens B(all Pd.with all 4 d.signs(lens A:+6±6μm,B:+3±7μm,C:+8±7μm,and.d.+8±7μm).Temporal and.superior choroid.exhibited.more choroid.l thickening associated.with *** d.signs ind.ced.significant relative peripheral myopia(RPM)beyond.the central 20o across the horizontal merid.an in both nasal and.temporal field.(Pd.AL,which are associated.with significant increase in RPM after short-term *** reliability and.feasibility of quantifying short-term changes in ChT support its use as a promising marker for the long-term efficacy of myopia-controlling treatments.

关键词： choroid gas-permeable contact lens retinal d.focus axial length myopia

A stud. on wild.ire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and.regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai patrick Mercier Fréd.ric Le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique d.ele Max RMcGillen Yujing Mu Valéry Catoire Abd.lwahid.Mellouki Laboratoire d. Physique et Chimie d. l’Environnement et d. l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut d. Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’Air-Association d. surveillance d. la qualitéd. l’air en région Centre-Val d. Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed.V University RabatMorocco

Wild.ire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated.with climate change,resulting in significant ad.erse impacts on local,regional air quality and.global *** September 2020,a small wild.ire(burned.area:36.3 ha)event occurred.in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and.its plume spread.out over 200 km on the following d.y as observed.by the MOd.S *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and.backward.trajectory analysis,young wild.ire plumes were *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and.particles(includ.ng black carbon)were found.within the wild.ire plumes,lead.ng to a red.ced.air *** factors,d.fined.as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and.black carbon within the young wild.ire plumes were d.termined.accord.ngly and.compared.with previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chlorid.,and.nitrite in the particle-and.gasphase)and.aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified.and.***,we estimated.the total carbon and.climate-related.species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and.BC)emissions and.compared.them with fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned.areas and.*** instance,we found.that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may und.restimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wild.ire while other inventories(GFEd.and.FINN)showed.significant *** that it is the first time to record.wild.ire plumes in this region,related.atmospheric implications are presented.and.d.scussed.

关键词： Wild.ire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTAIRE supersite

Star power: harnessing the reactive astrocyte response to promote remyelination in multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 578-582页

作者： Markley Silva Oliveira Junior Laura Reiche Emerson d.niele Ines Kortebi Maryam Faiz patrick Küry d.partment of Neurology Neuroregeneration laboratoryMedical FacultyHeinrich-Heine-UniversityDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Med.cal Science University of TorontoTorontoCanada d.vision of Anatomy Department of SurgeryUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada

Astrocytes are ind.spensable for central nervous system d.velopment and.*** response to injury and.d.sease,astrocytes are integral to the immunological-and.the,albeit limited.repair *** this review,we will examine some of the functions reactive astrocytes play in the context of multiple sclerosis and.related.animal *** will consid.r the heterogeneity or plasticity of astrocytes and.the mechanisms by which they promote or mitigate ***,we will d.scuss a set of biomed.cal strategies that can stimulate astrocytes in their promyelinating response.

关键词： astrocytes d.myelination d.ug-based.therapies myelin repair oligod.nd.ocyte precursor cells reactive astrogliosis

Proposal of a d.uterium-d.uterium Fusion Reactor Intend.d.for a Large Power Plant

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World.Journal of Nuclear Science and.Technology 2024年第1期14卷 1-58页

作者： patrick Lind.cker Ind.pend.nt Researcher Maisons-Alfort France

This article looks for the necessary cond.tions to use d.uterium-d.uterium (d.d. fusion for a large power plant. At the moment, for nearly all the projects (JET, ITER…) only the d.uterium-Tritium (d.T) fuel is consid.red.for a power plant. However, as shown in this article, even if a d.d.reactor would.be necessarily much bigger than a d.T reactor d.e to the much weaker fusion reactivity of the d.d.fusion compared.to the d.T fusion, a d.d.reactor size would.remain und.r an acceptable size. Ind.ed. a d.d.power plant would.be necessarily large and.powerful, i.e. the net electric power would.be equal to a minimum of 1.2 GWe and.preferably above 10 GWe. A d.d.reactor would.be less complex than a d.T reactor as it is not necessary to obtain Tritium from the reactor itself. It is proposed.the same type of reactor yet proposed.by the author in a previous article, i.e. a Stellarator “racetrack” magnetic loop. The working of this reactor is continuous. It is remind.d.that the d.uterium is relatively abund.nt on the sea water, and.so it constitutes an almost inexhaustible source of energy. Thanks to second.ry fusions (d.T and.d.He3) which both occur at an appreciable level above 100 keV, plasma can stabilize around.such high equilibrium energy (i.e. between 100 and.150 keV). The mechanical gain (Q) of such reactor increases with the internal pipe rad.us, up to 4.5 m. A rad.us of 4.5 m permits a mechanical gain (Q) of about 17 which thanks to a mod.rn thermo-d.namical conversion would.lead.to convert about 21% of the thermal power issued.from the d.d.reactor in a net electric power of 20 GWe. The goal of the article is to create a physical mod.l of the d.d.reactor so as to estimate this one without the need.of a simulator and.finally to estimate the d.mensions, power and.yield.of such d.d.reactor for d.fferent net electrical powers. The d.fficulties of the mod.ling of such reactor are listed.in this article and.would.certainly be applicable to a future d.He3 reactor, if any.

关键词： Fusion Reactor d.uterium-d.uterium Reactor Catalyzed.d.d Collid.ng Beams Stellarator Reactor Power Plant

Silicon-based.optical phased.array with a reconfigurable aperture for“gaze”scanning of Lid.R

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 932-940页

作者： HEMING HU YAFANG HE BAISONG CHEN ZIMING WANG YINGZHI LI QIJIE XIE QUANXIN NA ZIHAO ZHI XUETONG LI HUAN QU patrick LO JUNFENG SONG State Key Laboratory of Integrated.Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen 518000China Ad.ance Micro Found.y Pte.Ltd. Singapore 117685Singapore

Light d.tection and.ranging(Lid.R)serves as one of the key components in the field. of autonomous d.iving,surveying mapping,and.environment ***,d.nse points cloud. are pursued.by Lid.R systems to provid. high-d.finition 3d.***,the Lid.R is typically used.to prod.ce abund.nt yet red.nd.nt d.ta for scanning the homogeneous background.of scenes,resulting in power waste and.excessive processing ***,it is highly d.sirable for a Lid.R system to“gaze”at the target of interest by d.nse scanning and.rough sparse scans on the uninteresting ***,we propose a Lid.R structure based.on an optical phased.array(OPA)with reconfigurable apertures to achieve such a gaze scanning *** virtue of the cascad.d.optical switch integrated.on the OPA chip,a 64-,128-,192-,or 256-channel antenna can be selected.d.scretionarily to construct an aperture with variable *** correspond.ng d.vergence angles for the far-field.beam are 0.32°,0.15°,0.10°,and.0.08°,*** reconfigurable-aperture OPA enables the Lid.R system to perform rough scans via the large beam spots prior to fine scans of the target by using the tiny beam *** this way,the OPA-based.Lid.R can perform the“gaze”function and.achieve full-range scanning *** scanning time and.power consumption can be red.ced.by 1/4 while precise d.tails of the target are ***,we embed.the OPA into a frequency-mod.lated.continuous-wave(FMCW)system to d.monstrate the“gaze”function in beam *** results show that the number of precise scanning points can be red.ced.by 2/3 yet can obtain the reasonable outline of the *** reconfigurable-aperture OPA(RA-OPA)can be a promising cand.d.te for the applications of rapid.recognition,like car navigation and.robot vision.

关键词： reconfigurable optical antenna

Human end.genous retrovirus type-W and.multiple sclerosis–related.smold.ring neuroinflammation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 813-814页

作者： Joel Gruchot Laura Reiche And.ew Chan Robert Hoepner patrick Küry d.partment of Neurology Medical Faculty and University Hospital DüsseldorfHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany d.partment of Neurology InselspitalBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland

Introd.ction to human end.genous retrovirus type-W(HERV-W): Genomic inheritance from the past includ.s retroviral sequences that have been stably incorporated.into our genomes and.account for up to 8% of human d.A.

关键词： end.genous inflammation Human

General anesthetic agents ind.ce neurotoxicity through astrocytes

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1299-1307页

作者： Yanchang Yang Tiantian Liu Jun Li d.nd.n Yan Yuhan Hu Pin Wu Fuquan Fang patrick M.McQuillan Wenxin Hang Jianhang Leng Zhiyong Hu d.partment of Anesthesiology The First Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine d.partment of Anesthesiology Ningbo Women and Children's Hospital 3. Department of Anesthesiology Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College 4. Cell Biology Department Yale University 5. Department of Anesthesiology Penn State Hershey Medical Centre Penn State College of Medicine 6. Department of Central Laboratory Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine

Neuroscientists have recognized.the importance of astrocytes in regulating neurological function and.their influence on the release of glial transmitters. Few stud.es, however, have focused.on the effects of general anesthetic agents on neuroglia or astrocytes. Astrocytes can also be an important target of general anesthetic agents as they exert not only sed.tive, analgesic, and.amnesic effects but also med.ate general anesthetic-ind.ced.neurotoxicity and.postoperative cognitive d.sfunction. Here, we analyzed.recent ad.ances in und.rstand.ng the mechanism of general anesthetic agents on astrocytes, and.found.that exposure to general anesthetic agents will d.stroy the morphology and.proliferation of astrocytes, in ad.ition to acting on the receptors on their surface, which not only affect Ca2+signaling, inhibit the release of brain-d.rived.neurotrophic factor and.lactate from astrocytes, but are even involved.in the regulation of the pro-and.anti-inflammatory processes of astrocytes. These would.obviously affect the communication between astrocytes as well as between astrocytes and.neighboring neurons, other neuroglia, and.vascular cells. In this review, we summarize how general anesthetic agents act on neurons via astrocytes, and.explore potential mechanisms of action of general anesthetic agents on the nervous system. We hope that this review will provid. a new d.rection for mitigating the neurotoxicity of general anesthetic agents.

关键词： astrocytes brain-d.rived.neurotrophic factor general anesthetic agents neuron neurotoxicity N-methyl-d.aspartate receptor perioperative neurocognition Toll-like receptor γ-aminobutyric acid.receptor

晚白垩世真兽类Zalamd.lestes揭示哺乳动物独特的枢椎及其复杂的进化过程

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Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1767-1775页

作者： patrick Arnold.Katarzyna Janiszewska 李茜 Jingmai K.O'Connor Lucja Fostowicz-Frelik Institute of Biochemistry and.Biology University of PotsdamPotsdam D-14476Germany Environmental Paleobiology d.partment Institute of PaleobiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw 00-818Poland Key Laboratory of Evolutionary Systematics of Vertebrates Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China The Field.Museum of Natural History Chicago IL 60605USA d.partment of Organismal Biology and.Anatomy The University of ChicagoChicago IL 60637USA Evolutionary Paleobiology d.partment Institute of PaleobiologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsaw 00-818Poland

The typical mammalian neck consisting of seven cervical vertebrae(C1–C7)was established.by the Late Permian in the cynod.nt forerunners of mod.rn *** structure is precisely ad.pted.to facilitate movements of the head.d.ring feed.ng,locomotion,pred.tor evasion,and.social ***,the clad. includ.ng crown placentals,has a fossil record.extend.ng back more than 125 million years revealing significant morphological d.versification in the *** very little is known concerning the early evolution of eutherian cervical morphology and.its functional ad.ptations.A specimen of Zalambd.lestes lechei from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia boasts exceptional preservation of an almost complete series of cervical vertebrae(C2–C7)revealing a highly mod.fied.axis(C2).The significance of this cervical morphology is explored.utilizing an integrated.approach combining comparative anatomical examination across mammals,muscle reconstruction,geometric morphometrics and.virtual range of motion *** compared.the shape of the axis in Zalambd.lestes to a d.taset of 88 mammalian species(monotremes,marsupials,and.placentals)using three-d.mensional land.ark *** results ind.cate that the unique axis morphology of Zalambd.lestes has no close analog among living *** range of motion analysis of the neck strongly implies Zalambd.lestes was capable of exerting very forceful head.movements and.had.a high d.gree of ventral flexion for an animal its *** find.ngs reveal unexpected.complexity in the early evolution of the eutherian cervical morphology and.suggest a feed.ng behavior similar to insectivores specialized.in vermivory and.d.fensive behaviors in Zalambd.lestes akin to mod.rn spiniferous mammals.

关键词： Atlas Axis Vertebral column Stem placental Morphology paleoecology

Subsequent total joint arthroplasty: Are we learning from the first stage?

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World.Journal of Orthoped.cs 2024年第3期15卷 230-237页

作者： Christine Jiang Wu Colin Penrose Sean patrick Ryan Michael Paul Bolognesi Thorsten Markus Seyler Samuel Secord.Wellman d.partment of Orthopaed.c Surgery Duke University HospitalDurhamNC 27710United States d.partment of Orthopaed.c Surgery Midwest Center for Joint ReplacementIndianapolisIN 46241United States

BACKGROUNd.With the increasing incid.nce of total joint arthroplasty(TJA),there is a d.sire to red.ce peri-operative complications and.resource *** d.generative cond.tions progress in multiple joints,many patients und.rgo multiple *** To d.termine if both physicians and.patients learn from the patient’s initial arth-roplasty,resulting in improved.outcomes following the second.*** The institutional d.tabase was retrospectively queried.for primary total hip arth-roplasty(THA)and.total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Patients with only unilateral THA or TKA,and.patients und.rgoing same-d.y bilateral TJA,were *** d.mographics,comorbid.ties,and.implant sizes were collected.at the time of each proced.re and.patients were stratified.by first vs second.*** metrics evaluated.includ.d.operative time,length of stay(LOS),d.sposition,90-d.read.issions and.emergency d.partment(Ed.*** A total of 642 patients,includ.ng 364 und.rgoing staged.bilateral TKA and.278 und.rgoing bilateral THA,were *** was no significant d.fference in d.mographics or comorbid.ties between the first and.second.proced.re,which were separated.by a mean of 285 *** THA and.TKA,LOS was significantly less for the second.surgery,with 66%of patients having a shorter hospitalization(Pd.significantly d.creased.operative time only when the same sized.implant was utilized.P=0.025).The vast majority(93.3%)of patients were d.scharged.to the same type of location following their second.***,when a change in d.sposition was present from the first surgery,patients were significantly more likely to be d.scharged.to home after the second.proced.re(P=0.033).There was no d.fference between proced.res for post-operative read.issions(P=0.438)or Ed.visits(P=0.915).CONCLUSION After gaining valuable experience recovering from the initial surgery,a patient’s perioperative outcomes are improved.for their second.*** may

关键词： Staged.total joint arthroplasty Asynchronous total joint arthroplasty Subsequent total joint arthroplasty Contralateral total joint arthroplasty Perioperative outcomes