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Fatty acids derived from oviposition systems guide female black soldier flies(Hermetia illucens)toward egg deposition sites

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1231-1248页

作者： patrick Klüber Emna Arous Jeanny Jerschow Marco Fraatz Daniel Bakonyi Martin Rühl Holger Zorn Department Bioresources Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied EcologyGiessenGermany Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology Justus Liebig University GiessenGiessenGermany

The black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens,comes with big promises for industrial purposes since its larvae feed polyphagously on a broad spectrum of organic ***,research focusing on adult flies is scarce,which is inconsistent with their reproductive relevance within the rearing *** particular,directed oviposition is a challenge in artificial ***,decomposing organic matter is commonly used as oviposition substrate,which has extensive potential for improvement in view of the lack of standardization and the risk of microbial ***,we identified three fatty acids and one fatty acid methyl ester derived from the surface of old oviposition sites and targeted to elucidate their effect on preference behavior and oviposition site selection using Y-olfactometry and prepared oviposition sites,*** to tetradecanoic acid attracted gravid females and stimulated oviposition most strongly,while decanoic acid demonstrated a repulsive *** kept in mixed-sex populations were attracted by tetradecanoic acid,resulting in a higher egg mass found in the compound box(3.0–11.4 fold),a≥2.3 fold reduction of nonspecifically deposited eggs,and the highest total egg ***,decanoic and dodecanoic acid caused females to lay a greater proportion of eggs nonspecifically outside both *** data suggest that fatty acids,especially tetradecanoic acid,are important cues for oviposition site selection in black soldier *** order to achieve a directed oviposition behavior,the role of further short-and long-chain fatty acids as attractants should be examined.

关键词： black soldier fly Hermetia illucens fatty acids insects as food and feed oviposition oviposition site selection tetradecanoic acid

Bacterial plant pathogens affect the locomotor behavior of the insect vector:a case study of Citrus volkameriana-Triozae erytreae-Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus system

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 901-910页

作者： Arnaud Ameline Alain Karkach Thomas Denoirjean Martial Grondin Florencia Molinari patrick Turpin Helene Delatte Bernard Reynaud UMR CNRS 7058 EDYSAN(Ecologie et Dynamique des Systemes Anthropises) Universite de Picardie Jules VerneAmiensCedexFrance UMR PVBMT(Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical) Universitéde la RéunionSaint PierreLa RéunionFrance

Plant pathogens can alter the behavior of their insect vectors as well as their survival and *** African psyllid,Trioza erytreae,is one of the vectors of Huanglongbing,a citrus disease caused mainly by"Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus"(CLas).The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of CLas on the psyllid,*** using Citrus volkamerina plants as the study *** study focused more specifically on the CLas effects prior to and after its acquisition by the psyllid *** results did not support the hypothesis that CLas effects psyllid probing behavior prior to acquisition;few differences were observed between uninfected *** feeding on CLas-infected versus control *** the other hand,compared to psyllids that had completed their development on control plants,the ones that had completed their development on a CLas-infected plant exhibited changes in their behavior(greater velocity),physiology(smaller mass)and biochemistry(lower water and lipid content).Altogether,our results confirm the existence of a marked postacquisition effect on the vector locomotor behavior and a minor preacquisition effect of CLas on the vector behavior,which can be partially explained by physiological and biochemical changes.

关键词： electrical penetration graph Huanglongbing locomotory behavior lipid biomass probing behavior vector manipulation

Insights into optimizing exosome therapies for acute skin wound healing and other tissue repair

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 258-284页

作者： Tianjing Sun Mo Li Qi Liu Anyong Yu Kun Cheng Jianxing Ma Sean Murphy patrick Michael McNutt Yuanyuan Zhang Department of Emergency Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi563003China Department of Nephrology Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi563003China Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences School of PharmacyUniversity of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO64108USA Department of Biochemistry Wake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC27157USA Wake Forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC27109USA

Exosome therapy holds great promise as a novel approach to improve acute skin wound *** review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of exosome biology and its potential applications in acute skin wound healing and ***,small extracellular vesicles secreted by various stem cells,have emerged as potent mediators of intercellular communication and tissue *** advantage of exosome therapy is its ability to avoid potential risks associated with stem cell therapy,such as immune rejection or stem cells differentiating into unwanted cell ***,further research is necessary to optimize exosome therapy,not only in the areas of exosome isolation,characterization,and engineering,but also in determining the optimal dose,timing,administration,and frequency of exosome ***,optimization of exosome therapy is critical for the development of more effective and safer exosome-based therapies for acute skin wound healing and other diseases induced by cancer,ischemia,or *** review provides valuable insights into the potential of exosome therapy and highlights the need for further research to optimize exosome therapy for clinical use.

关键词： exosomes stem cells therapeutic impact skin wound healing

Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis C genotype 3 infection:A systematic review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1596-1612页

作者： Hamzah Z Farooq Michael James Jane Abbott patrick Oyibo Pip Divall Naheed Choudhry Graham R Foster Blizard Institute Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUnited Kingdom School of Health and Psychological Sciences University of LondonLondon EC1V 0HBUnited Kingdom University Hospitals of Leicester Library University Hospitals of Leicester NHS TrustLeicester LE39QPUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a blood-borne virus which globally affects around 79 million people and is associated with high morbidity and *** infection leads to cirrhosis in a large proportion of patients and often causes hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in people with *** the 6 HCV genotypes(G1-G6),genotype-3 accounts for 17.9%of *** genotype-3 responds least well to directly-acting antivirals and patients with genotype-3 infection are at increased risk of HCC even if they do not have *** To systematically review and critically appraise all risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV-G3 in all ***,we studied possible risk factors for HCC due to HCV-G3 in the literature from 1946 to *** This systematic review aimed to synthesise existing and published studies of risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3 and evaluate their strengths and *** searched Web of Science,Medline,EMBASE,and CENTRAL for publications reporting risk factors for HCC due to HCV genotype-3 in all settings,*** Four thousand one hundred and forty-four records were identified from the four databases with 260 records removed as *** thousand eight hundred and eighty-four records were screened with 3514 *** hundred and seventy-one full-texts were assessed for eligibility with seven studies included for *** the seven studies,three studies were retrospective case-control trials,two retrospective cohort studies,one a prospective cohort study and one a cross-sectional study *** were based in hospital settings with four in Pakistan,two in South Korea and one in the United *** total number of participants were 9621 of which 167 developed HCC(1.7%).All seven studies found cirrhosis to be a risk factor for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3 followed by higher age(five-studies),with two studies each showing male sex,high alpha feto-protein,directly-acting antivirals trea

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C Genotype 3 Systematic review Blood-borne viruses Liver cancer

Taking Flight in the Water The counterintuitive excitement of hydrofoiling

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第11期 10-11,40页

作者： patrick Connolly 不详

For centuries,humans have experimented with flight in the form of large kites,hot-air balloons,gliders and,eventually,***,I've taken many plane trips,tried hang-gliding and even went skydiving *** I've never gotten to glide over the water as effortlessly as I did the day I tried hydrofoiling for the first *** Wright,co-owner of Epic Paddle Adventures,and Epic guide Sunny Applegate joined me on a sunny Friday afternoon as we learned from the staff of Ski World Orlando.

关键词： trips intuitive eventually

Diffraction limit of light in curved space

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 235-243页

作者： JINGXUAN ZHANG CHENNI XU patrick SEBBAH LI-GANG WANG School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Physics The Jack and Pearl Resnick Institute for Advanced TechnologyBar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel

Overcoming the diffraction limit is crucial for obtaining high-resolution images and observing fine *** this conventional difficulty still puzzling us and the prosperous development of wave dynamics of light interacting with gravitational fields in recent years,how spatial curvature affects the diffraction limit is an attractive and important *** we investigate the issue of the diffraction limit and optical resolution on two-dimensional curved space—surfaces of revolution(SORs)with constant or variable spatial *** show that the diffraction limit decreases and the resolution is improved on SORs with positive Gaussian curvature,opening a new avenue to *** diffraction limit is also influenced by the propagation direction,as well as the propagation distance in curved space with variable spatial *** results provide a possible method to control the optical resolution in curved space or equivalent waveguides with varying refractive index distribution and may allow one to detect the presence of the nonuniform strong gravitational effect by probing locally the optical resolution.

关键词： limit curved curvature

Stand dynamics of old-growth hemlock forests in central Bhutan are shaped by natural disturbances

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第4期11卷 434-447页

作者： Karma Tenzin Craig R.Nitschke Kathryn J.Allen Raphael Trouve Thiet V.Nguyen patrick J.Baker School of Agriculture Foodand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of Melbourne500 Yarra BlvdRichmondVictoriaAustralia School of Geography Planningand Spatial SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaSandy BayTasmaniaAustralia Forest Science Institute of South Vietnam 1 Pham Van Hai StreetTan Binh DistrictHo Chi Minh CityViet Nam

Understanding how past disturbances have influenced the development of forests is critical for deciphering their current structure and composition and forecasting future *** this study,dendrochronological methods were applied to uncover the disturbance history of old-growth hemlock-dominated forests in central *** of tree-ring samples from two old-growth hemlock stands,located in two different topographic settings,identified the importance of gap-phase dynamics in facilitating recruitment and growth releases and producing complex,multi-aged structure s over *** site showed evidence of a near stand-replacing disturbance in the late 1700s,while the other showed no evide nce of high-severity disturbance at any time over the last 400 *** both sites low-to medium-severity disturbances,some of which appear to be associated with cyclones originating in the Bay of Bengal,dominated the disturbance *** hemlock stands exhibited a significant positive association between cyclone occurrence and growth release events and between recruitment pulses and growth release *** 1800 to 1970 there was an increase in recruitment of angiosperm tree species at most sites and a corresponding decline in conifer *** the past 50 years there has been little new recruitment;this may be due to light limitation in the understory from shade-tolerant angiosperms and bamboo in the lower strata of these *** variations in disturbance dynamics and recruitment were observed across the study sites,suggesting that other factors,such as topography and climate,may be influencing long-term stand development *** study highlights the complex interplay between historical disturbance regimes and tree recruitment in shaping the age and size structures of old-growth hemlock forests in central *** also provides new insights into the dynamics of these forests that can be used to support effective forest conservation and management i

关键词： Forest structure Hemlock forest Himalaya Natural disturbance

Endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection for esophageal and gastric lesions:A comparison of procedures

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Laparoscopic, Endoscopic and Robotic Surgery 2024年第2期7卷 66-71页

作者： Gustav Holm Schæbel Andreas Weise Mucha Charlotte Egeland Michael patrick Achiam Department of Surgery and Transplantation Copenhagen University Hospital RigshospitaletBlegdamsvej 92100 CopenhagenDenmark

Objective Esophageal and gastric lesions are effectively managed with minimally invasive upper endoscopic procedures such as endoscopic mucosa resection(EMR)and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD),offering patients alternatives to invasive *** ESD is well established in Eastern Asia,its adoption in Denmark for superficial esophageal cancer is *** study presents real-world data on the feasibility,safety,and hospitalization duration associated with ESD and EMR for esophageal and gastric *** A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent ESD or EMR at a specialized center in Denmark from October 2016 to June *** on treatment,indication,lesion location,hospitalization duration,procedure duration,specimen size,complications,recurrence,and one-year overall survival were *** comparisons utilized the Mann-Whitney U test,independent sample median test,and chi-squared *** The study included 130 patients(144 procedures):72 underwent ESD and 58 underwent *** with EMR,ESD resulted in greater percentages of en bloc and R0 resections(98.8%vs.64.1%,p<0.001;and 83.9%vs.23.8%,p<0.001),greater complication rates(28.7%vs.3.1%,p<0.001)and longer procedure times(119.5 min vs.37.0 min,p<0.001).The ESD procedure time significantly decreased over time(p=0.01).The local recurrence rates were 14.5%for ESD and 23.8%for EMR(p=0.767).The one-year overall survival rates were similar between the groups(95.8%vs.94.8%,p=0.553).Conclusion Both ESD and EMR are safe and viable for treating esophageal and gastric *** offers advantages but requires more time and *** findings support the literature,emphasizing the importance of considering patient-specific factors and surgeon proficiency in selecting the appropriate procedure.

关键词： Endoscopic submucosal dissection Endoscopic mucosa resection Gastroesophageal cancer Real-world data

Acetabular cup size trends in total hip arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第1期15卷 39-44页

作者： Daniel patrick McKenna Alex Price Timothy McAleese Darren Dahly Paul McKenna May Cleary Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics University Hospital WaterfordWaterford X91 ER8EIreland Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College CorkCork T12 XF62Ireland

BACKGROUND Total hip arthroplasty(THA)is a common procedure for end stage *** learning curve for THA is complex and *** of the most difficult skills to master is acetabular *** wish to identify if experience in arthroplasty leads to preservation of more bone *** To investigate if increasing surgeon experience will predict an ever decreasing acetabular cup *** A retrospective case series of four attending orthopaedic surgeons was *** uncemented elective total hip arthroplasties since appointment were selected for *** size of acetabular cup used was noted and logistic regression was used to identify if a trend to smaller cups *** A total of 1614 subjects were included with a mean age of 64 *** cups were on average 0.18mm smaller per year(95%confidence interval-0.25 to-0.11,P<0.001).Individual surgeon trends showed cup sizes to decrease 0.27 mm/year for surgeon A,0.02 mm/year for surgeon B,0.15 mm/year for surgeon C and 0.29 mm/year for surgeon *** of the four surgeons had a more pronounced trend to smaller cups for male subjects than their female *** We found increasing surgeon experience to be associated with an ever-decreasing acetabular cup *** acetabular cup size may act as a surrogate marker of surgical proficiency by virtue of decreased acetabular reaming.

关键词： Hip Arthroplasty Acetabulum Cup Learning