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Adopting novel ecosystems as suitable rehabilitation alternatives for former mine sites

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 221-231页

作者： David Doley patrick Audet Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation Sustainable Minerals InstituteThe University of QueenslandBrisbane(St.Lucia)QLD 4072Australia

The nature and extent of environmental disturbance associated with mining commonly entails completely new and challenging combinations of climate,lithology and ***,the outcomes of ecological processes associated with the recovery or restoration of ecosystems cannot be predicted reliably from previously known associations between their physical and biological *** radically disturbed sites,we propose that it is not practicable to aim for the restoration of historical ***,hybrid(reversibly different)or novel(irreversibly different)ecosystems comprising new combinations of physical and biological components,including both native and non-native species,could provide levels of stability and functionality acceptable to all stakeholders and within feasible management *** propose that limiting physical conditions of the landscape can be identified and managed,and that alternative species combinations for introduction to these new landscapes may be considered with cautious optimism.

关键词： Natural ecological analogues Novel ecosystems Mining Landscape suitability

MINNESOTA SUSTAINABLE BUILDING GUIDELINES:History,Effectiveness and Path for the Future.

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Journal of Green Building 2018年第2期13卷 163-180页

作者： Richard Graves patrick Smith Center for Sustainable Building Research College of DesignUniversity of Minnesota1425 University Avenue SESuite 115MinneapolisMN 55455

INTRODUCTION The Minnesota Sustainable Building Guidelines is a progressive sustainability program for state funded buildings which serves as a model for sustainability in Minnesota *** program was created by the State of Minnesota in 2001 and developed by a team led by the Center for Sustainable Building Research(CSBR)at the University of *** other green building programs,it focuses on measured performance improvements,using a list of required metrics instead of a menu of potential *** program is structured to provide a feedback loop to the building design,construction and operations industry in the *** of the program are used through all phases of the development of state-funded buildings in Minnesota from pre-design through design,and construction and for ten years of *** is continually updated and improved in collaboration with state agencies and industry stakeholders and could serve as a model for localized green building programs.

关键词： green building rating systems code climate change architecture 2030 emission reduction actual performance net zero EUI renewable

Cogon grass biochar amendment and Panicum coloratum planting improve selected properties of sandy soil under humid lowland tropical climatic conditions

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Biochar 2020年第4期2卷 489-502页

作者： patrick S.Michael Department of Agriculture Papua New Guinea University of TechnologyPMBLae 411MPPapua New Guinea

Biochar amendment improves the physical,chemical and biological characteristics of different soil types under different climatic and environmental *** this study,effects of biochar or live pasture plants existing alone or co-existing on selected soil properties of sandy loam soil under humid lowland tropical climatic conditions were *** changes measured in the amended soil,with or without plants,were compared to the unamended and unplanted *** amendment with or without pasture improved moisture retention,lowered bulk density,increased pH and kept the electrical conductivity within ranges conducive for pasture ***,contents of all the nutrients increased following biochar amendment,however pasture establishment without amendment resulted in depletion of available potassium and *** all treatment conditions,soil organic carbon and soil organic matter were significantly *** grass is invasive under all land use systems and contributes to greenhouse gas emissions through *** biomass from the grass instead of burning would mitigate CO2 emissions from the tropics.

关键词： Biochar Effect Pasture Sandy loam soil PNG

Covalent sulfur as stable anode for potassium ion battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 645-652,I0015页

作者： Na Cheng patrick Xu Bingan Lu Zhigang Liu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina College of Letter and Science University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA School of Physics and Electronics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082HunanChina

The potassium bis(fluoro-sulfonyl)imide(KFSI)-based electrolyte has great application prospects in potassium ion batteries (PIBs). However, their development has been limited by the decomposition of electrolytes and the corrosion of Al foils (current collector) at high potential. Here, a N-doping, sulfur-rich chemically bonded porphyrin organic framework (SPOF) with a high potential plateau were synthesized as an anode to lower the redox potential of full cells and further inhibit the corrosion of Al foils. SPOF as anode delivers high reversible capacity (557 mAh g^(−1) at 50 mA g^(−1)), excellent cycling performance (94% capacity retention over 1000 cycles at 500 mA g^(−1)), and superior rate performance. Meanwhile, the ex-situ FTIR, Raman, and HRTEM revealed the stability of N-doping and the reversible covalent sulfur and S–S bonds changes during potassiation/depotassiation. In addition, full cells using SPOF anode and PTCDA cathode showed outstanding performance (high capacity of 300 mAh g^(−1) at 200 mA g^(−1)). And the Al current collector of the full cell was not corroded after 150 cycles. Yet, the Al foils with PTCDA as cathode were seriously corroded. This work provides a new strategy for realizing ultra-high reversible capacity and cyclic stability of PIBs, and also accelerates the process of early commercial application of PIBs.

关键词： Porphyrin organic framework Covalent sulfur Anode Potassium-ion batteries

Liquid vaporization under thermodynamic phase non-equilibrium condition at the gas-liquid interface

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2020年第12期63卷 2649-2656页

作者： WANG XingJian LAFON patrick SUNDARAM Dilip YANG Vigor Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Florida Institute of TechnologyMelbourneFlorida 32901USA Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

Liquid vaporization under thermodynamic phase non-equilibrium condition at the gas-liquid interface is investigated over a wide range of fluid state typical of many liquid-fueled energy conversion systems. The validity of the phase-equilibrium assumption commonly used in the existing study of liquid vaporization is examined using molecular dynamics theories. The interfacial mass flow rates on both sides of the liquid surface are compared to the net vaporization rate through an order-of-magnitude *** indicated that the phase-equilibrium assumption holds valid at relatively high pressures and low temperatures,and for droplets with relatively large initial diameters(for example,larger than 10 μm for vaporizing oxygen droplets in gaseous hydrogen in the pressure range from 10 atm to the oxygen critical state). Droplet vaporization under superheated conditions is also explored using classical binary homogeneous nucleation theory,in conjunction with a real-fluid equation of state. It is found that the bubble nucleation rate is very sensitive to changes in saturation ratio and pressure;it increases by several orders of magnitude when either the saturation ratio or the pressure is slightly increased. The kinetic limit of saturation ratio decreases with increasing pressure,leading to reduced difference between saturation and superheat conditions. As a result,the influence of nonequilibrium conditions on droplet vaporization is lower at a higher pressure.

关键词： liquid vaporization droplet vaporization superheated vaporization thermodynamic phase equilibrium thermodynamic phase non-equilibrium vapor nucleation

Application of physics-informed neural network in the analysis of hydrodynamic lubrication

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Friction 2023年第7期11卷 1253-1264页

作者： Yang ZHAO Liang GUO patrick Pat Lam WONG School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen 518055China School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

The last decade has witnessed a surge of interest in artificial neural network in many different areas of scientific *** the rapid expansion in the application of neural networks,few efforts have been carried out to introduce such a powerful tool into lubrication ***,this work aims to apply the physics-informed neural network(PINN)to the hydrodynamic lubrication *** 2D Reynolds equation is *** PINN is a meshless method and does not require big data for network training compared with classical *** results are consistent with those obtained by experiments and the finite element ***,we envision that the PINN method will have great application potential in lubrication and bearing research.

关键词： physics-informed neural network hydrodynamic lubrication slider bearing

Growth and physiological responses of creeping bentgrass(Agrostis stolonifera)to elevated carbon dioxide concentrations

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Horticulture Research 2014年第1期1卷 206-213页

作者： patrick Burgess Bingru Huang Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

The atmospheric carbon dioxide level has increased and is predicted to continue increasing,which may affect various aspects of plant *** objective of this study was to investigate the effects of doubling the carbon dioxide level on the growth and physiological activities of a widely utilized cool-season turfgrass species,creeping bentgrass(Agrostis stolonifera L.‘Penncross’).‘Penncross’plants were established in fritted clay medium and maintained under well-irrigated and well-fertilized conditions in growth *** plants were exposed to either ambient carbon dioxide concentrations(400±10 mmol L^(-1))or elevated carbon dioxide concentrations(800±10 mmol L^(-1))for 12 *** grown under elevated carbon dioxide displayed a significantly faster growth rate of their lateral stems(stolons)and increased shoot and root dry weight but a reduced specific leaf area compared to those plants at ambient carbon dioxide *** stolon growth is a highly desirable trait for turfgrass establishment and recovery from physical *** root length and surface area were also increased due to the elevated CO_(2),which may facilitate water uptake and serve critical drought-avoidance roles when irrigation water is *** carbon dioxide caused an increase in the leaf net photosynthetic rate but a reduction in the stomatal conductance and transpiration rate,contributing to improved water use efficiency in creeping *** water use is especially important for turfgrass plant survival when irrigation water is *** results suggested that cool-season turfgrass species may greatly benefit from increasingly elevated carbon dioxide concentrations via growth promotion and increasing water use efficiency.

关键词： dioxide creep ambient

Laser pattern-induced unidirectional lubricant flow for lubrication track replenishment

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Friction 2022年第8期10卷 1234-1244页

作者： Chenglong LIU Feng GUO patrick WONG Xinming LI School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Effective oil replenishment to the lubrication track of a running bearing is crucial to its sustainable *** practical solutions are rare despite numerous theoretical studies were conducted in the last few *** paper proposes the use of surface effect,wettability gradient,to achieve the *** method is simple and can be nicely implemented using femtosecond laser ablation.A periodic comb-tooth-shaped pattern with anisotropic wetting capability is devised and its effect on the anisotropic spreading behaviour of an oil droplet is *** show that the comb-tooth-shaped pattern enables the rearrangement of oil distribution,thereby escalating oil replenishment to the lubrication *** effect is due to the unbalanced interfacial force created by the surface *** influence of the shape and the pitch of teeth,which are the two governing factors,on oil transport is also *** effects of the newly devised surface pattern on lubrication are experimentally evaluated under the conditions of limited lubricant *** results are promising,demonstrating the reduction in bearing friction and the increase in lubricating film thickness.

关键词： laser surface texture limited lubricant supply comb-tooth-shaped pattern lubricant replenishment friction coefficient

The power of chromosome-scale, haplotype-resolved genomes

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Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 393-395页

作者： patrick P.Edger Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Genetics and Genome Sciences Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA

The assembly of chromosome-scale and haplotype-resolved reference genomes is now more easily attainable,largely due to various improvements in both assembly algorithms and long-read sequencing technologies(see recent review by Michael and VanBuren,2020).Due to these technological advancements,there has been a shift away from using highly inbred accessions,in some instances double haploids,to instead assembling the genomes of important reference *** example,a haplotype-resolved genome was recently assembled for an important cultivated garden strawberry(Fragaria x ananassa)cultivar Royal Royce.

关键词： cultivar resolved instead