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Physical activity and amyloid beta in middle-aged and older adults:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 133-144页

作者： María Rodriguez-Ayllon patricio Solis-Urra Cristina Arroyo-ávila Miriam álvarez-Ortega Pablo Molina-García Cristina Molina-Hidalgo Manuel Gómez-Río Belinda Brown Kirk I.Erickson Irene Esteban-Cornejo Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center RotterdamRotterdamGD 3015the Netherlands Department of Physical Education and Sports Faculty of Sport SciencesSport and Health University Research Institute(iMUDS)University of GranadaGranada 18071Spain Faculty of Education and Social Sciences Universidad Andres BelloVina del Mar 2531015Chile Department of Nuclear Medicine Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service Virgen de las Nieves University HospitalInstitute of Biosanitary Research of Granada(IBS)Granada 18014Spain Department of Psychology University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA Centre for Healthy Ageing Health Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityJoondalupWA 6027Australia Advent Health Research Institute Neuroscience Institute OrlandoOrlandoFL 32803USA Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition Research Center(CIBERobn) Institute of Health Carlos Ⅲ(ISCⅢ)Madrid 28029Spain

Background:One of the pathological hallmarks distinguishing Alzheimer’s disease from other dementias is the accumulation of amyloid beta(Aβ).Higher physical activity is associated with decreased dementia risk,and one potential path could be through Aβlevels *** aimed to explore the relationship between physical activity and Aβin middle-aged and older ***:A systematic search of PubMed,Web of Science,PsycINFO,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and SPORTDiscus was performed from inception to April 28,*** were eligible if they included physical activity and Aβdata in adults aged 45 years or ***-level metaanalyses of intervention and observational studies were performed to examine the role of physical activity in modulating Aβ***:In total,37 articles were included(8 randomized controlled trials,3 non-randomized controlled trials,4 prospective longitudinal studies,and 22 cross-sectional studies).The overall effect size of physical activity interventions on changes in blood Aβwas medium(pooled standardized mean difference=-0.69,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.41 to 0.03;I^(2)=74.6%).However,these results were not statistically significant,and there were not enough studies to explore the effects of physical activity on cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and brain Aβ.Data from observational studies were examined based on measurements of Aβin the brain using positron emission tomography scans,CSF,and *** physical activity was positively associated with Aβonly in the CSF(Estimate r=0.12;95%CI:0.05-0.18;I^(2)=38.00%).Conclusion:Physical activity might moderately reduce blood Aβin middle-aged and older ***,results were only near statistical significance and might be interpreted with caution given the methodological limitations observed in some of the included *** observational studies,higher levels of physical activity were positively associated with Aβonly in ***,further research is needed t

关键词： Aging Cognitive impairment Dementia Exercise PET

Thyroid Nodule: Alpha Score 2.0 Classification for FNAB Selection, Multicentric Study in Latin America

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Open Journal of Radiology 2021年第4期11卷 160-174页

作者： Glenn Mena Maria Cristina Chammas Carlos Mario Gonzalez Vasquez Lylian Rocío Villagómez Marco Alfredo Muñoz Pico patricio alejandro montalvo Santiago Mena-Bucheli Julio Olmedo Elizabeth Quintero Pedro Henrique de Marqui Moraes Osmar Cassio Saito Hubertino Diaz Denise Romero Gabriela Velalcazar Angel Ramón Sosa Fleitas Yamil Oliver Quevedo Ontaneda Victor Ricardo Chara Alpha Imagen Radiología e Intervencionismo Quito Ecuador Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sã o Paulo S&#227 o Paulo Brasil Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe Medellin Colombia Hospital del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social Quito Sur Quito Ecuador Hospital San Francisco de Quito Quito Ecuador Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins Lima Perú Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín Quito Ecuador Hospital de Clínicas San José de San Martín Buenos Aires Argentina Hospital Universitario de Los Andes Mérida Venezuela Hospital de la Policía Quito Ecuador Hospital Sisol Tacna Perú

Introduction: To perform a Latin-American multicentric study for the prediction of benign and malignant thyroid nodules using Alpha Score, and to compare it with ACR TIRADS® and Bethesda®. Materials and Methods: A prospective multicentric study in 10 radiological hospitals and institutions of Latin America was performed and 818 thyroid nodules were analyzed by ultrasound and classified by using both ACR TIRADS® and Alpha Score;fine-needle aspiration biopsy was performed when needed and classified with Bethesda. The relationships between predictors were analyzed by using binary logistic regression, statistical significance was defined by a p-value of 0.05, with an error margin of 4% and 95% confidence intervals. Results: Alpha Score 2.0 establishes five types of malignant predictors: microcalcifications, irregular borders, taller-than-wide shape, predominant solid texture and hypoechogenicity;a diameter equal to or greater than 1.5 cm adds an extra point to the final score. Resulting classification divides TNs into 4 categories: benign (1.9%), low suspicion (8.7%), mild suspicion (13.6%) and high suspicion (75.7%) of malignancy probability;sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 74%, the positive predictive value of 94%, the negative predictive value of 51%, the statistical accuracy of 81%, odds ratio of 108.89 and correlation with ACR TIRADS of 0.77 and Bethesda of 0.91. Conclusions: Alpha Score 2.0 has superior diagnostic accuracy and performance compared to the previously published Alpha Score and is able to classify a benign TN in a precise, safe and accurate way, avoiding unnecessary FNABs or determining the necessity of FNAB in cases of moderate to high suspicion of malignancy.

关键词： Thyroid Cancer-Clinical Radiology-Imaging Thyroid Nodule Alpha Score TIRADS® Thyroid Ultrasonography

Dietary carbohydrate-to-protein ratio influences growth performance,hepatic health and dynamic of gut microbiota in atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 261-279页

作者： alejandro Villasante Carolina Ramírez Hector Rodríguez patricio Dantagnan Adrian Hernandez Elías Figueroa Jaime Romero Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía Universidad de Las AmericasSantiagoChile Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Alimentos Unidad de AlimentosInstituto de Nutricion y Tecnología de Los Alimentos(INTA)Universidad de ChileSantiagoChile Programa de Anatomía y Biología Del Desarrollo Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de ChileSantiagoChile Núcleo de Investigacion en Produccion Alimentaria Facultad de Recursos NaturalesUniversidad Catolica de TemucoTemucoChile

Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)fed a carbohydrate-rich diet exhibit suboptimal growth performance,along with other metabolic *** is well known that gut microbes play a pivotal role in influencing metabolism of the host,and these microbes can be modified by the *** main goal of the present study was to determine the effect of feeding graded levels of digestible carbohydrates to Atlantic salmon on the distal intestine digesta microbiota at 3 sampling times(i.e.,weeks 4,8 and 12),during a 12-week trial.A low carbohydrate-to-high protein diet(LC/HP,0%wheat starch),a medium carbohydrate-tomedium protein diet(MC/MP,15%wheat starch)or a high carbohydrate-to-low protein diet(HC/LP,30%wheat starch)was fed to triplicate fish tanks(27 to 28 fish per tank).We performed an in-depth characterization of the distal intestine digesta ***,growth parameters,liver histology and the expression of genes involved in hepatic neolipogenesis in fish were *** fed a HC/LP diet showed greater hepatosomatic and viscerosomatic indexes(P=0.026 and P=0.018,respectively),lower final weight(P=0.005),weight gain(P=0.003),feed efficiency(P=0.033)and growth rate(P=0.003)compared with fish fed the LC/HP ***,feeding salmon a high digestible carbohydrate diet caused greater lipid vacuolization,steatosis index(P=0.007)and expression of fatty acid synthase(fas)and delta-6 fatty acyl desaturase(d6fad)(P=0.001 and P=0.001,respectively)in the liver compared with fish fed the LC/HP ***,the major impact of feeding a carbohydrate-rich diet to Atlantic salmon in beta diversity of distal intestine digesta microbiota was observed at week 4(HC/LP vs MC/MP and HC/LP vs LC/HP;P=0.007 and P=0.008,respectively)and week 8(HC/LP vs MC/MP;P=0.04),no differences between experimental groups were detected after 12 weeks of ***,at the end of the trial,there was a negative correlation between lactic acid bacteria(LAB)members,including Leuconostoc and Lactobacil

关键词： Microbiota Microbiome Atlantic salmon Steatosis Lactic acid bacteria Probiotics

The ALMA-QUARKS Survey.Ⅰ.Survey Description and Data Reduction

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第2期24卷 104-124页

作者：刘训川 Tie Liu Lei Zhu Guido Garay Hong-Li Liu Paul Goldsmith Neal Evans Kee-Tae Kim Sheng-Yuan Liu Fengwei Xu Xing Lu Anandmayee Tej Xiaofeng Mai Leonardo Bronfman Shanghuo Li Diego Mardones Amelia Stutz Ken'ichi Tatematsu Ke Wang Qizhou Zhang Sheng-Li Qin Jianwen Zhou Qiuyi Luo Siju Zhang Yu Cheng Jinhua He Qilao Gu Ziyang Li Zhenying Zhang Suinan Zhang Anindya Saha Lokesh Dewangan patricio Sanhueza Zhiqiang Shen Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de ChileLas Condes7591245 SantiagoChile School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology4800 Oak Grove DrivePasadena CA 91109USA Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at AustinTX 78712-1205USA Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34055Republic of Korea Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia SinicaRoosevelt RoadTaipei 10617China Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Astronomy School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram 695547KeralaIndia Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17D-69117 HeidelbergGermany Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de ConcepciónCasilla 160-CConcepciónChile Nobeyama Radio Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of JapanNational Institutes of Natural Sciences462-2 NobeyamaMinamimakiMinamisakuNagano 384-1305Japan Center for Astrophysics∣Harvard&Smithsonian 60 Garden StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69D-53125 BonnGermany School of Astronomy and Space Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo181-8588Japan Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Physical Research Laboratory NavrangpuraAhmedabad-380009India Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesSOKENDAI2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-8588Japan University of Science and Technology Korea(UST)217 Gajeong-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34113Republic o

This paper presents an overview of the QUARKS survey,which stands for Querying Underlying mechanisms of massive star formation with ALMA-Resolved gas Kinematics and Structures."The QUARKS survey is observing139 massive clumps covered by 156 pointings at Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array(ALMA)Band 6(λ~1.3 mm).In conjunction with data obtained from the ALMA-ATOMS survey at Band 3(λ~3 mm),QUARKS aims to carry out an unbiased statistical investigation of massive star formation process within protoclusters down to a scale of 1000 *** overview paper describes the observations and data reduction of the QUARKS survey,and gives a first look at an exemplar source,the mini-starburst Sgr B2(M).The wide-b and width(7.5 GHz)and high-angular-resolution(~0."3)observations of the QUARKS survey allow for the resolution of much more compact cores than those could be done by the ATOMS survey,and to detect previously unrevealed fainter filamentary *** spectral windows cover transitions of species including CO,SO,N_(2)D^(+),SiO,H_(30)α,H_(2)CO,CH_(3)CN,and many other complex organic molecules,tracing gas components with different temperatures and spatial *** aims to deepen our understanding of several scientific topics of massive star formation,such as the mass transport within protoclusters by(hub-)filamentary structures,the existence of massive starless cores,the physical and chemical properties of dense cores within protoclusters,and the feedback from already formed high-mass young protostars.

关键词： stars formation-stars kinematics and dynamics-ISM clouds-ISM molecules

The ALMA-QUARKS Survey.Ⅱ.The ACA 1.3 mm Continuum Source Catalog and the Assembly of Dense Gas in Massive Star-Forming Clumps

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 119-139页

作者：许峰玮 Ke Wang Tie Liu Lei Zhu Guido Garay Xunchuan Liu Paul Goldsmith Qizhou Zhang patricio Sanhueza Shengli Qin Jinhua He Mika Juvela Anandmayee Tej Hongli Liu Shanghuo Li Kaho Morii Siju Zhang Jianwen Zhou Amelia Stutz Neal JEvans Kee-Tae Kim Shengyuan Liu Diego Mardones Guangxing Li Leonardo Bronfman Ken’ichi Tatematsu Chang Won Lee Xing Lu Xiaofeng Mai Sihan Jiao James O.Chibueze Keyun Su Viktor L.Tóth Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Astronomy School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de ChileLas Condes7591245 SantiagoChile Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology4800 Oak Grove DrivePasadena CA 91109USA Center for Astrophysics|Harvard&Smithsonian 60 Garden StreetCambridgeMA 02138USA National Astronomical Observatory of Japan National Institutes of Natural Sciences2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-8588Japan Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced StudiesSOKENDAI2-21-1 OsawaMitakaTokyo 181-8588Japan School of Physics and Astronomy Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Department of Physics University of HelsinkiPO Box 64FI-00014 HelsinkiFinland Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram 695547KeralaIndia Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17D-69117 HeidelbergGermany Department of Astronomy Graduate School of ScienceThe University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyo-kuTokyo 113-0033Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 6953121 BonnGermany Departamento de AstronomÂıa Universidad de ConcepcionCasilla 160-CConcepci onChile Department of Astronomy The University of Texas at AustinTexas 78712-1205USA Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeokdae-roYuseong-guDaejeon 34055Republic of Korea Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia SinicaRoosevelt RoadTaipei 10617TaiwanChina South-Western Institute for Astronomy Research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091China Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeok-daeroYuseong-guDaejeon 34055Republic of

Leveraging the high resolution,sensitivity,and wide frequency coverage of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array(ALMA),the QUARKS survey,standing for“Querying Underlying mechanisms of massive star formation with ALMA-Resolved gas Kinematics and Structures”,is observing 139 massive starforming clumps at ALMA Band 6(λ~1.3 mm).This paper introduces the Atacama Compact Array(ACA)7 m data of the QUARKS survey,describing the ACA observations and data *** multiwavelength data,we provide the first edition of QUARKS atlas,offering insights into the multiscale and multiphase interstellar medium in high-mass star *** ACA 1.3 mm catalog includes 207 continuum sources that are called ACA *** gas kinetic temperatures are estimated using three formaldehyde transitions with a non-LTE radiation transfer model,and the mass and density are derived from a dust emission *** ACA sources are massive(16–84 percentile values of 6–160 M_(⊙)),gravity-dominated(M∝R^(1.1))fragments within massive clumps,with supersonic turbulence(M>1)and embedded star-forming *** find a linear correlation between the masses of the fragments and the massive clumps,with a ratio of 6%between the *** considering fragments as representative of dense gas,the ratio indicates a dense gas fraction(DGF)of 6%,although with a wide scatter ranging from 1%to 10%.If we consider the QUARKS massive clumps to be what is observed at various scales,then the size-independent DGF indicates a self-similar fragmentation or collapsing mode in protocluster *** the ACA data over four orders of magnitude of luminosity-to-mass ratio(L/M),we find that the DGF increases significantly with L/M,which indicates clump evolutionary *** observed a limited fragmentation at the subclump scale,which can be explained by a dynamic global collapse process.

关键词： stars:formation ISM:kinematics and dynamics ISM:clouds stars:protostars

Gamification in innovation teams

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2022年第3期6卷 156-168页

作者： Rui patricio Antonio Carrizo Moreira Francesco Zurlo UNIDCOM/IADE Unidade de Investigacao em Design e ComunicacaoAv.D.Carlos I41200-649LisboaPortugal GovcoPP and DEGEIT Department of EconomicsManagementIndustrial Engineering and TourismUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal INESCTEC-Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and SciencePorto4099-002Portugal Department of Design Politecnico di MilanoMilano20133Italy

The paper examines the relationship between gamification-the use of game elements in non-gaming contexts-and innovation teams *** builds on psychological and teamwork theories,arguing that gamification overcomes collaboration issues and generates multiple positive outcomes,particularly in coordination,alignment,engagement,and teams'*** research follows a qualitative theory-driven using a case study of an innovation *** conceptual model built through the findings offers valuable insights about applying gamification in innovation teams,namely:i)surprising teams with such a new and playful approach reduces stress among team members;i)rules and time constraints play a crucial role in teams'coordination by avoiding dispersion and enhancing focused *** paper provides a set of testable theoretical propositions derived from the conceptualization of gamification in the context of innovation *** supports innovation managers interested in measuring gamification outcomes in teams.

关键词： Gamification Innovation teams Outcomes Innovation management

Deciphering the role of PGC-1α in neurological disorders: from mitochondrial dysfunction to synaptic failure

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第2期17卷 237-245页

作者： Jessica D.Panes Aline Wendt Oscar Ramirez-Molina patricio A.Castro Jorge Fuentealba Laboratorio de Screening de Compuestos Neuroactivos(LSCN) Departamento de FisiologiaFacultad de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile Centro de Investigaciones Avanzadas en Biomedicina(CIAB-UdeC) Facultad de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile Departamento de Fisiologia Facultad de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidad de ConcepcionConcepcionChile

The onset and mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases remain uncertain. The main features of neurodegenerative diseases have been related with cellular and molecular events like neuronal loss, mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant accumulation of misfolded proteins or peptides in specific areas of the brain. The most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases belonging to age-related pathologies are Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Interestingly, mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed to occur during the early onset of several neuropathological events associated to neurodegenerative diseases. The master regulator of mitochondrial quality control and energetic metabolism is the transcriptional coactivator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha(PGC-1α). Additionally, it has been observed that PGC-1α appears to be a key factor in maintaining neuronal survival and synaptic transmission. In fact, PGC-1α downregulation in different brain areas(hippocampus, substantia nigra, cortex, striatum and spinal cord) that occurs in function of neurological damage including oxidative stress, neuronal loss, and motor disorders has been seen in several animal and cellular models of neurodegenerative diseases. Current evidence indicates that PGC-1α upregulation may serve as a potent therapeutic approach against development and progression of neuronal damage. Remarkably, increasing evidence shows that PGC-1α deficient mice have neurodegenerative diseases-like features, as well as neurological abnormalities. Finally, we discuss recent studies showing novel specific PGC-1α isoforms in the central nervous system that appear to exert a key role in the age of onset of neurodegenerative diseases and have a neuroprotective function in the central nervous system, thus opening a new molecular strategy for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-t

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Huntington's disease mitochondrial dysfunction Parkinson's disease PGC-1α synaptic function vascular dementia

Influence of soil and elevation on roadside cryptogam diversity in the tropical Andes

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第5期9卷 639-646页

作者： Paul Salinas Marina Mazon Vinicio Carrion-Paladines Nixon Cumbicus patricio Guzman Paolo Giordani Angel Benítez Maestría en Biología de la Conservacion y Ecología Tropical Universidad Tecnica Particular deLojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nLoja1101608Ecuador Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales del Ambiente y Biodiversidad–CITIAB Universidad Nacional de LojaCiudadela Universitariasector La ArgeliaEC 110101LojaEcuador Biodiversidad de Ecosistemas Tropicales-BIETROP Herbario HUTPLDepartamento de Ciencias Biologicas y AgropecuariasUniversidad Tecnica Particular de LojaSan Cayetano Alto s/nLoja1101608Ecuador Departament of Pharmacy University of GenoaViale Cembrano 416148GenoaItaly

Background: The deforestation caused by road construction is one of the main drivers for both biodiversity and function loss in tropical ecosystems. Terricolous cryptogams are pioneers in colonizing roadside and they are limited by environmental and edaphic factors, thus, cryptogams may act as pioneers for ecosystem rehabilitation at ***: This research was aimed at determining the diversity and composition of terricolous cryptogams, as well as their relationship with elevation and soil properties among roadside of the tropical Andes of Ecuador, in order to establish indicator species of this anthropized ecosystems. Five elevations were selected and in each one 50grids of 20 cm×30 cm were sampled(250 in total along the road), where occurrence, cover and identification of every cryptogam species were recorded. To evaluate the effect of elevation and soil properties on cryptogam richness, a linear model was conducted. Species composition among elevations was compared by non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS), and their relationship with the environmental variables through a correlation with adjusted axes was performed. A total of 72 species were recorded, those being 44 bryophytes and 28lichens. Species richness and composition of terricolous cryptogams were influenced by elevation and soil properties, thus the richness is higher at elevations E1, E2 and E3(2600, 2200 and 1800 m a.s.l.), differing from low elevations E4 and E5(1400 and 1000 m a.s.l.). Higher elevations with specific soil conditions(e.g bulk density, nitrogen and silt) harbored different cryptogam communities than those in lower ***: A combination of both elevation and soil properties are shaping the colonization by terricolous cryptogams commnunities. As such, 18 species were identified as the best indicators for all sets of environmental conditions at the roadside, which can therefore be considered for monitoring ecological processes in tropical areas. Use of biocrus

关键词： Bryophytes Indicator species Beta diversity Lichens Richness Ecuador

Biceps femoris long head sarcomere and fascicle length adaptations after 3 weeks of eccentric exercise training

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第1期11卷 43-49页

作者： patricio A.Pincheira Melissa A.Boswell Martino V.Franchi Scott L.Delp Glen A.Lichtwark School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of Bioengineering and Mechanical Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Biomedical Sciences University of PadovaPadova 35122Italy

Background:Eccentric exercise increases muscle fascicle lengths;however,the mechanisms behind this adaptation are still *** study aimed to determine whether biceps femoris long head(BFlh)fascicle length increases in response to 3 weeks of eccentric exercise training are the result of an in-series addition of sarcomeres within the muscle ***:Ten recreationally active participants(age=27±3 years;mass=70±14 kg;height=174±9 cm;mean±SD)completed 3 weeks of Nordic hamstring exercise(NHE)training on a custom exercise device that was instrumented with load *** collected in vivo sarcomere and muscle fascicle images of the BFlh in 2 regions(central and distal)by using microendoscopy and 3 dimension *** then estimated sarcomere length,sarcomere number,and fascicle length before and after the training ***:Eccentric knee flexion strength increased after the training(15%;p<0.001;η_(p)^(2)=0.75).Further,we found a significant increase in fascicle length(21%;p<0.001;η_(p)^(2)=0.81)and sarcomere length(17%;p<0.001;ηp2=0.90)in the distal but not in the central portion of the *** estimated number of sarcomeres in series did not change in either ***:Fascicle length adaptations appear to be heterogeneous in the BFlh in response to 3 weeks of NHE *** increase in sarcomere length,rather than the addition of sarcomeres in series,appears to underlie increases in fascicle length in the distal region of the *** mechanism driving regional increases in fascicle and sarcomere length remains unknown,but we speculate that it may be driven by regional changes in the pas sive tension of muscle or connective tis sue adaptations.

关键词： Hamstrings Nordic hamstring exercise Sarcomerogenesis