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earthworm functional groups are related to denitrifier activity in riparian soils

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Pedosphere 2021年第3期31卷 413-422页

作者： Chen CHeN Leanne eJACK martin RCHÉNIeR Joann KWHALeN State environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban ecological environment Simulation and Protection South China Institute of Environmental SciencesMinistry of Ecology and Environment of ChinaGuangzhou 510535China Department of Natural Resource Sciences Macdonald CampusMcGill University21111 Lakeshore RoadSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebec H9X 3V9Canada Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry and Department of Animal Science Macdonald CampusMcGill University21111 Lakeshore RoadSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebec H9X 3V9Canada

Riparian buffers,located in the transition zone between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems,are a hotspot for nitrogen(N)removal through *** are abundant in riparian buffers and may enhance *** study investigated earthworm demographics of three earthworm functional groups(anecic,epigeic,and endogeic)and denitrifier activity in temporarily flooded and non-flooded riparian soils from April to October 2012 in southern Quebec,*** earthworm species,mostly endogeic,were found in the temporarily flooded soil,while only six earthworm species were found in the non-flooded *** average,there were 11.7 times more earthworms with 12.4 times greater biomass(Pe temporarily flooded soil than in the non-flooded *** denitrification enzyme activity(DeA)was of similar magnitude in temporarily flooded and non-flooded soils,with temporal variation associated with rainfall *** earthworm biomass was positively correlated(PeA,while epigeic earthworm biomass was positively correlated(Pene copies and nosZ gene copies from bacteria,indicating an association between earthworm functional groups and denitrifier activity in riparian *** multiple regressions showed that DeA in riparian soils could be predicted using soil moisture,inorganic N concentration,and earthworm functional groups,suggesting that endogeic and epigeic earthworms contributed to denitrifier activity in riparian soils.

关键词： endogeic earthwormsepigeic earthwormsriparian areasriparian buffermacrofaunaseasonal changedenitrification enzyme activitydenitrifier gene copy

Combined effects of chitosan and microencapsulated enterococcus faecalis CG1.0007 probiotic supplementation on performance and diarrhea incidences in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli K88^+ challenged piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2017年第4期3卷 366-371页

作者： Kolawole Aluko Deepak e.Velayudhan ehsan Khafipour Aike Li Yulong Yin martin Nyachoti Department of Animal Science University of Manitoba Academy of Science and Technology of State Administration of Grain Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academic of Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of chitosan oligosaccharide(COS) and a microencapsulated enterococcus faecalis CG1.0007 probiotic(PRO) on growth performance and diarrhea incidences in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli(eTeC) K88^+ challenged piglets in a 14-d study. Thirty piglets,7.19 ± 0.52 kg initial BW weaned at 21 ± 1 *** allotted to 5 treatment groups(n = 6)consisting of a corn-soybean meal diet with no additive(negative control, NC), NC + 0.25% chlortetracycline(positive control, PC), NC + 400 mg/kg COS(COS), NC + 100 mg/kg PRO(PRO) and NC + a combination of COS and PRO(CPRO). Pigs were individually housed in cages, acclimated to treatments for a 7-d period and had ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the study, On d 8, pigs were weighed, blood samples were collected, and then orally challenged with 6 mL(1 ×10^(11) cfu/mL) of freshly grown eTeC inoculum. During post-challenge period, blood was sampled at 24 and 48 h to determine plasma urea nitrogen(PUN), and diarrhea incidences and fecal consistency scores were recorded from d 9 to 12. On d 14, all pigs were weighed and then euthanized to obtain intestinal tissue samples for histomorphometric measurements. Growth performance responses were similar among treatments during the pre-and post-challenge periods. There were no significant differences in PUN content, incidences of diarrhea, and fecal consistency scores among treatments. The intestinal histomorphology results did not differ significantly among treatments except for PC with increased(P = 0.0001) villus:crypt ratio compared with the NC. Under the conditions of the present study, it can be concluded that supplementation of piglet diets with 400 mg/kg COS, 100 mg/kg microencapsulated PRO or their combination did not significantly improve piglet growth performance both during the pre-and post-eTeC K88+ oral inoculation. Also, there were no significant reduction of incidences and severity of diarrhea after challenge

关键词： enterotoxigenic escherichia coli K88^+ Chitosan oligosaccharide enterococcus faecalis CG1 0007 probiotic Growth performance Diarrhea incidences Piglets

Using detection dogs and genetic analyses of scat to expand knowledge and assist felid conservation in Misiones, Argentina

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第5期9卷 623-639页

作者： Karen e.DeMATTeO Miguel A.RINAS Carina F.ARGÜeLLeS Bernardo e.HOLMAN Mario S.DI BITeTTI Barbara DAVeNPORT patricia G.PARKeR Lori S.eGGeRT Department of Biology University of MissouriSt.LouisUSA WildCare Institute at the Saint Louis Zoo St.LouisUSA Ministerio de ecología y Recursos Naturales Renovables Argentina Instituto de Biología Subtropical(IBS)-nodo Posadas Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)-Universidad Nacional de Misiones(UNaM)Argentina Facultad de Ciencias exactas Químicas y NaturalesUNaMArgentina IBS-nodo Puerto Iguazú CONICET-UNaMArgentina Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico Argentina PackLeader Dog Training LLC Division of Biological Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaUSA

Many carnivores require large ranges to meet their ecological and energetic needs;however,anthropogenic changes threaten species and their *** traps have been used to effectively collect data on carnivores in a variety of habitat types;however,a single survey effort is typically limited to species that have similar body size,habitat use and movement patterns,and individual identification of animals is not always pos*** evaluated whether scat detection dogs could effectively survey for 4 wide-ranging felids that vary in these characteristics:jaguars(Panthera onca),pumas(Puma concolor),ocelots(Leopardus pardalis)and oncillas(Leopardus tigrinus).From June to October 2009 and May to August 2011,a detection dog-handler team detected 588 scats,from which 176 unique genotypes were *** assigned sex to 84.7%of the genotyped scats and identified 55 individuals multiple *** effectiveness of these noninvasive techniques(detection dogs and genetic analyses of scat)not only opens the door for additional studies in areas that were previously difficult or impossible with standard survey techniques,but also provides conservationists with a set of tools that overcome some of the limitations associated with the use of camera traps alone.

关键词： conservation detection dogs felids genetics noninvasive techniques

Spectrum and visual outcomes of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in Argentina

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(english edition) 2017年第1期10卷 98-102页

作者： Veronica e.Giordano Ariel Schlaen martin J.Guzman-Sanchez Cristobal Couto Department of Ophthalmology Inflammatory Eye Diseases ServiceHospital de Clinicas Jose de San MartinBuenos Aires C1120AARArgentina Department of Ophthalmology Oculoplastic ServiceAssociation for the Prevention of Blindness in MexicoVicente Garcia Torres 46San Lucas 04030CoyoacanMexico CityMexico

AIM： To review all cases of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada （VKH） disease in an Inflammatory eye Disease Service in Argentina and to describe the clinical profile and outcomes of ***： The records from patients with VKH disease between January 1980 and December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed for clinical profile, complications, and treatment. Patients were classified according to their initial treatment in group 1： high corticosteroid dose [≥1 mg/（kg·d）] within 2wk of illness onset; group 2： high corticosteroid dose, 2 to 4wk of onset and group 3： patients who received the high dose after 1mo of illness onset, patients who received lower oral doses than 1 mg/（kg·d） without regarding the time of beginning of the ***： A total of 210 eyes of 105 patients were included. The mean age at presentation was 32.6±13y （range： 10-74y）, and 86.7% were female. The mean duration of follow up was 144±96.6mo. Patients in the group 1 had significantly higher visual acuity than the other groups （P〈0.0001）, none had （loss of, or no） light perception at the end of follow up, whereas 24.7% patients in group 3 ended in light perception （P〈0.004）.CONCLUSION： Patients with early high dose corticosteroid treatment have better visual acuity and fewer complications. Proper timing in referral and treatment is critical for better visual outcome in VKH disease.

关键词： Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease Argentine population clinical spectrum treatment

The role of antioxidant micronutrients in the rate of recovery of burn patients: a systematic review

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Burns & Trauma 2016年第3期4卷 192-198页

作者： Mary Adjepong Pius Agbenorku patricia Brown Ibok Oduro Department of Biochemistry College of ScienceKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana Department of Surgery Reconstructive Plastic Surgery&Burns UnitKomfo Anokye Teaching HospitalSchool of Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesKwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasiGhana

Burn injury can be detrimental to the health of individuals,meanwhile victims lose proteins and micronutrients in wound *** also experience extensive protein *** make them prone to *** patients also suffer a lot of emotional trauma that reduce nutrient *** aim of this paper was to review primary evidence on the effect of antioxidant micronutrients on the recovery rate of burn *** databases such as PubMed,BioMed,and Cochrane were systematically searched between January 1,2014,and January 30,*** include vitamin A,vitamin C,vitamin e,ascorbic acid,zinc,copper,selenium,tocopherol,carotenoids,dietary intake,supplementation,wound healing,infection,recovery rate,and burn *** systematic search was done to retrieve all published data from 1990 to 2013.A total of 518 journal articles were obtained,and after the removal of duplicates,reviews,commentaries,and studies with non-human subjects,11 papers were accepted for *** review considered only papers that were published,and there might be some unpublished data that may have been ***,the wound healing time and infection rates were reduced by the administration of the antioxidant *** review revealed that there was no such published work in developing countries and children were excluded from most *** was also stated clearly that there was no uniformity in burn management;hence,there is a need for more studies on burn management in various populations.

关键词： Burn Micronutrients Recovery Infection Tocopherol Carotenoids Ascorbic acid

Acute pancreatitis in aging animals:Loss of pancreatitis-associated protein protection?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第26期18卷 3379-3388页

作者： Sophia Fu Albert Stanek Cathy M Mueller Nefertti A Brown Chongmin Huan martin H Bluth Michael e Zenilman Department of Surgery SUNY Downstate Medical SchoolBrooklynNY 11203United States Department of Pathology Wayne State UniversityDetroitMI 48202United States Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and SUNY Downstate School of Public HealthBethesdaMD 20814United States

AIM:To investigate the effect of age on severity of acute pancreatitis(AP) using biochemical markers,histology and expression of the protective pancreatitisassociated proteins(PAPs).MeTHODS:AP was induced via intraductal injection of 4% sodium taurocholate in young and old *** and pancreata were assayed at 24 h for the parameters listed above;we also employed a novel molecular technique to assess bacterial infiltration using polymerase chain reaction to measure bacterial genomic ribosomal ***:At 24 h after induction of AP,the pancreata of older animals had less edema(mean ± Se histologic score of young vs old:3.11 ± 0.16 vs 2.50 ±-0.11,P ecreased local inflammatory response(histologic score of stromal infiltrate:3.11 ± 0.27 vs 2.00 ± 0.17,P eased bacterial infiltration(174% ± 52% increase from sham vs 377% ± 4%,P ecreased expression of PAP1 and PAP2 was demonstrated by Western blotting analysis and immunohistochemical *** were no differences in serum amylase and lipase activity,or tissue myeloperoxidase or monocyte chemotactic protein-1 ***,in the most-aged group,serum C-reactive protein levels were higher(young vs old:0.249 ± 0.04 mg/dL vs 2.45 ± 0.68 mg/dL,P er animals,there is depressed PAP expression related to a blunted inflammatory response in AP which is associated with worsened bacterial infiltration and higher C-reactive protein level;this may explain the more aggressive clinical course.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Aging Rats Pancreati-tis-associated protein Molecular biology

Laser capture microdissection and genetic analysis of carbon-labeled Kupffer cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第14期15卷 1708-1718页

作者： Stephan Gehring edmond Sabo Maryann e San martin elizabeth M Dickson Chao-Wen Cheng Stephen H Gregory Department of Medicine Rhode Island Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI 02903 United States Department of Pathology Rhode Island Hospital and The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence RI 02903 United States zentrum fur Kinder- und Jugendmedizin der Universitaitsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universitait 55101 Mainz Germany

AIM： To develop a method of labeling and microdissecting mouse Kupffer cells within an extraordinarily short period of time using laser capture microdissection （LCM）. MeTHODS： Tissues are complex structures comprised of a heterogeneous population of interconnected cells. LCM offers a method of isolating a single cell type from specific regions of a tissue section. LCM is an essential approach used in conjunction with molecular analysis to study the functional interaction of cells in their native tissue environment. The process of labeling and acquiring cells by LCM prior to mRNA isolation can be elaborate, thereby subjecting the RNA to considerable degradation. Kupffer cell labeling is achieved by injecting India ink intravenously, thus circumventing the need for in vitro staining. The significance of this novel approach was validated using a cholestatic liver injury model. ReSULTS： mRNA extracted from the microdissected cell population displayed marked increases in colonystimulating factor-1 receptor and Kupffer cell receptor message expression, which demonstrated Kupffer cell enrichment. Gene expression by Kupffer ceils derived from bile-duct-ligated, versus sham-operated, mice was compared. Microarray analysis revealed a significant （2.5-fold, q value 〈 10） change in 493 genes. Based on this fold-change and a standardized PubMed search, 10 genes were identified that were relevant to the ability of Kupffer cells to suppress liver injury. CONCLUSION; The methodology outlined herein provides an approach to isolating high quality RNA from Kupffer cells, without altering the tissue integrity.

关键词： Kupffer cells India ink Laser capturemicrodissection Bile duct ligation DNA microarray

Facile Synthesis of Naphtho[2,3-dJthiazoles, Naphtho[2,3-e]-[1,3,4]thiadiazines and Bis（naphtho[2,3-d]thiazolyl）copper（ll） Derivatives from Heteroylthiosemicarbazides

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2016年第8期34卷 814-822页

作者： Alaa A. Hassan Nasr K. Mohamed Lamiaa e. Abd eI-Haleem Stefan Brase.martin Nieger Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Minia University 61519 EI-Minia A. R. Egypt Institute of Organic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Helsinki P.O.Box55 (A. I. Virtasenaukio 1) 00014 Helsinki Finland

A one step synthesis protocol for the conversion of heteroylthiosemicarbazides and 2,3‐dichloro‐1,4‐naphthoquinone to naphtho[2,3‐ d ]thiazoles, naphtho[2,3‐ e ][1,3,4]thiadiazines as well as bis(naphtho[2,3‐ d ]thiazolyl)copper(II) derivatives is described. The products were conclusively confirmed by single crystal X‐ray analyses. A mechanism for the formation of the products is presented.

关键词： heteroylthiosemicarbazides 2,3‐dichloro‐1,4‐naphthoquinone naphtho[2,3‐d]thiazoles naphtho[2,3‐e]thiadiazines bis(naphtho[2,3‐d]thiazolyl)copper(II) derivatives

CD137 agonist potentiates the abscopal efficacy of nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy for melanoma

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2300-2314页

作者： Preethi Bala Balakrishnan Debbie KLedezma Juliana Cano-Mejia Jaclyn Andricovich erica Palmer Vishal APatel patricia SLatham eric SYvon Alejandro Villagra Rohan Fernandes elizabeth e.Sweeney GW Cancer Center Department of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA The Institute for Biomedical Sciences School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA GW Cancer Center Department of Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Dermatology&Oncology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA Department of Pathology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA ImmunoBlue BethesdaMD 20817USA

Despite the promise of immunotherapy such as the immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 for advanced melanoma,only 26%–52%of patients respond,and many experience grade III/IV immune-related adverse *** by the need for an effective therapy for patients non-responsive to clinically approved ICIs,we have developed a novel nanoimmunotherapy that combines locally administered Prussian blue nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy(PBNP-PTT)with systemically administered agonistic anti-CD137 monoclonal antibody therapy(aCD137).PBNP-PTT was administered at various thermal doses to melanoma cells in vitro,and was combined with aCD137 in vivo to test treatment effects on melanoma tumor progression,animal survival,immunological protection against tumor rechallenge,and *** administered at a melanoma-specific thermal dose,PBNP-PTT elicits immunogenic cell death(ICD)in melanoma cells and upregulates markers associated with antigen presentation and immune cell co-stimulation in ***,PBNP-PTT eliminates primary melanoma tumors in vivo,yielding long-term tumor-free ***,the antitumor immune effects generated by PBNP-PTT cannot eliminate secondary tumors,despite significantly slowing their *** addition of aCD137 enables significant abscopal efficacy and improvement of survival,functioning through activated dendritic cells and tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells,and generates CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell memory that manifests in the rejection of tumor rechallenge,with no long-term *** study describes for the first time a novel and effective nanoimmunotherapy combination of PBNP-PTT with aCD137 mAb therapy for melanoma.

关键词： photothermal therapy Prussian blue nanoparticles anti-CD137 melanoma nanoimmunotherapy