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The potential leaching and mobilization of trace elements from FGD-gypsum of a coal-fired power plant under water re-circulation conditions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第6期27卷 72-80页

作者： patricia córdoba Iria castro Mercedes Maroto-Valer Xavier Querol centre for Innovation on carbon capture and Storage Institute of Mechanical Process and Energy Engineering Heriot-Watt University Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research

Experimental and geochemical modelling studies were carried out to identify mineral and solid phases containing major, minor, and trace elements and the mechanism of the retention of these elements in Flue Gas Desulphurisation（FGD）-gypsum samples from a coal-fired power plant under filtered water recirculation to the scrubber and forced oxidation conditions. The role of the p H and related environmental factors on the mobility of Li, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Mo, and U from FGD-gypsums for a comprehensive assessment of element leaching behaviour were also carried out. Results show that the extraction rate of the studied elements generally increases with decreasing the p H value of the FGD-gypsum leachates. The increase of the mobility of elements such as U, Se, and As in the FGD-gypsum entails the modification of their aqueous speciation in the leachates; UO2SO4, H2 Se, and HAs O2 are the aqueous complexes with the highest activities under acidic *** speciation of Zn, Li, and Ni is not affected in spite of p H changes; these elements occur as free cations and associated to SO4 ^2 in the FGD-gypsum leachates. The mobility of cu and Mo decreases by decreasing the p H of the FGD-gypsum leachates, which might be associated to the precipitation of cu Se2 and Mo Se2, respectively. Time-of-Flight mass spectrometry of the solid phase combined with geochemical modelling of the aqueous phase has proved useful in understanding the mobility and geochemical behaviour of elements and their partitioning into FGD-gypsum samples.

关键词： Geochemical modelling studies Trace elements Leaching Landfills FGD-gypsum ToF mass spectrometry

Dysfunction of Wnt signaling and synaptic ：lisassembly in neurodegenerative diseases

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Journal of Molecular cell Biology 2014年第1期8卷 75-80页

作者： Silvia A. Purro Soledad Galli patricia c. Salinas Department of Neurodegenerative Disease UCL Institute of Neurology Queen Square London WClN 3BG UK Department of cell and Developmental Biology University College London London WCIE 6BT UK

The molecular mechanisms that regulate synapse formation have been well documented. However, little is known about the factors that modulate synaptic stability. Synapse loss is an early and invariant feature of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer＇s lAD） and Parkinson＇s disease. Notably, in AD the extent of synapse loss correlates with the severity of the disease. Hence, understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie synaptic maintenance is crucial to reveal potential targets that will allow the development of ther- apies to protect synapses. Writs play a central role in the formation and function of neuronal circuits. Moreover, Wnt signaling compo- nents are expressed in the adult brain suggesting their role in synaptic maintenance in the adult. Indeed, blockade of Wnts with the Wnt antagonist Dickkopf-1 （Dkkl） causes synapse disassembly in mature hippocampal cells. Dkkl is elevated in brain biopsies from AD patients and animal models. consistent with these findings, Amyloid-β （Aβ） oUgomers induce the rapid expression of Dkkl. Importantly, Dkkl neutralizing antibodies protect synapses against Aβ toxicity, indicating that Dkkl is required for Aβ-mediated synapse loss. In this review, we discuss the role of Wnt signaling in synapse maintenance in the adult brain, particularly in relation to synaptic loss in neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Wnt signaling synaptic disassembly degenerative diseases Alzheimer's disease Dkkl synaptic maintenance

On Systems of Boundary Value Problems for Differential Inclusions

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第3期23卷 549-556页

作者： Lynn ERBE christopher c.TISDELL patricia J.Y.WONG Department of Mathematics The University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNE 68588-0130USA School of Mathematics and Statistics The University of New South WalesSydney 2052Australia School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyan9 AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore

Herein we consider the existence of solutions to second-order, two-point boundary value problems （BVPs） for systems of ordinary differential inclusions. Some new Bernstein-Nagumo conditions are presented that ensure a priori bounds on the derivative of solutions to the differential inclusion. These a priori bound results are then applied, in conjunction with appropriate topological methods, to prove some new existence theorems for solutions to systems of BVPs for differential inclusions. The new conditions allow of the treatment of systems of BVPs without growth restrictions.

关键词： boundary value problem, systems of differential inclusions, existence of solutions a priori bounds Bernstein-Nagumo condition

Tribological behavior of ammonium-based protic ionic liquid as lubricant additive

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Friction 2021年第1期9卷 169-178页

作者： Hong GUO patricia IGLESIAS Mechanical Engineering Department Rochester Institute of TechnologyNew York 14623-5603USA

In this study, the tribological behavior of an ammonium-based protic ionic liquid(PIL) as an additive in a base mineral oil(MO) is investigated on a steel–steel contact at room temperature and 100℃. Tri-[bis(2-hydroxyethylammonium)] citrate(Dci) was synthesized in a simple and low-cost way, and the ionic structure of Dci was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance(^(1)H NMR). The stability measurement of 1 wt% Dci to a MO was investigated, and the lubricating ability and anti-wear properties of Dci as an additive in MO were also examined using a custom-designed reciprocating ball-on-flat tribometer. Optical microscope and profilometry were used to obtain the worn morphology of the steel disks. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS) were carried out to investigate the wear mechanism and to analyze the surface interactions between the rubbing components. When 1 wt% Dci is added into the base MO, frictional performance is improved at both temperatures studied with a friction reduction of 29.0% and 35.5%, respectively. Moreover, the addition of 1 wt% Dci to MO reduced the wear volume 59.4% compared to the use of MO. An oxygen-richened tribolayer is confirmed by EDS on the disk surface when Dci was used as additive under 100℃.

关键词： protic ionic liquid(PIL) tri-[bis(2-hydroxyethylammonium)]citrate(Dci) steel–steel friction wear

Vaccinations in immunosuppressive-dependent pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第42期23卷 7644-7652页

作者： Huyen-Tran Nguyen Phillip Minar Kimberly Jackson patricia c Fulkerson Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine

AIM To determine the vaccination rates in pediatric immunosuppression-dependent inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and review the safety and efficacy of vaccinations in this *** The electronic medical records from October 2009 to December 2015 of patients diagnosed with IBD at 10 years of age or younger and prescribed antitumor necrosis factor alpha(anti-TNF-α) therapy were reviewed for clinical history, medication history, vaccination history, and hepatitis B and varicella titers. Literature discussing vaccination response in IBD patients were identified through search of the MEDLINE database and reviewed using the key words "inflammatory bowel disease", "immunization", "vaccination", "pneumococcal", "varicella", and "hepatitis B". Non-human and non-English language studies were excluded. Search results were reviewed by authors toselect articles that addressed safety and efficacy of immunizations in inflammatory bowel *** A total of 51 patients diagnosed with IBD prior to the age of 10 and receiving anti-TNF-α therapy were identified. Thirty-three percent of patients(17/51) had incomplete or no documentation of vaccinations. Sixteen case reports, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, and randomized trials were determined through review of the literature to describe the safety and efficacy of hepatitis B, pneumococcal, and varicella immunizations in adult and pediatric patients with IBD. These studies showed that patients safely tolerated the vaccines without significant adverse effects. Importantly, IBD patients receiving immunosuppressive medications, particularly anti-TNF-α treatment, have decreased vaccine response compared to controls. However, the majority of patients are still able to achieve protective levels of specific antibodies. cONcLUSION Immunizations have been shown to be well-tolerated and protective immunity can be achieved in patients with IBD requiring immunosuppressive therapy.

关键词： Vaccination Immunosuppression Earlyonset inflammatory bowel disease Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease

Size and shape information serve as labels in the alarm calls of Gunnison＇s prairie dogs cynomys gunnisoni

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current Zoology 2012年第5期58卷 741-748页

作者： c. N. SLOBODcHIKOFF William R. BRIGGS patricia A DENNIS Anne-Marie c. HODGE Department of Biological Sciences Northern Arizona University Flagstaff AZ 86011 USA Department of Biological Sciences Auburn University Auburn Alabama 36849 USA Present Address: Department of Zoology and Physiology University of Wyoming Laramie WY82071 USA

Some animals have the capacity to produce different alarm calls for terrestrial and aerial predators. However, it is not clear what cognitive processes are involved in generating these calls. One possibility is the position of the predator： Anything on the ground receives a terrestrial predator call, and anything in the air receives an aerial predator call. Another possibility is that animals are able to recognize the physical features of predators and incorporate those into their calls. As a way of elucidating which of these mechanisms plays a primary role in generating the structure of different calls, we performed two field experiments with Gunnison＇s prairie dogs. First, we presented the prairie dogs with a circle, a triangle, and a square, each moving across the colony at the same height and speed. Second, we presented the prairie dogs with two squares of differing sizes. DFA statistics showed that 82.6 percent of calls for the circle and 79.2 percent of the calls for the triangle were correctly classified, and 73.3 percent of the calls for the square were classified as either square or circle. Also, 100 percent of the calls for the larger square and 90 percent of the calls for the smaller square were correctly classified. Because both squares and circles are features of terrestrial predators and triangles are features of aerial predators, our results suggest that prairie dogs might have a cognitive mechanism that labels the abstract shape and size of different predators, rather than the position of the predator [current Zoology 58 （5）： 741-748, 2012].

关键词： Gunnison's prairie dogs Prairie dogs Alarm calls Referential communication

Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of tactile startle response in recombinant congenic strains of mice:QTL mapping and comparison with acoustic PPI

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2008年第3期35卷 139-151页

作者： Adam Torkamanzehi patricia Boksa Ridha Joober University of Sistan and Baluchestan Douglas Hospital Research centre

Prepulse inhibition （PPI） of the startle response is a psychophysiological measure of sensorimotor gating believed to be cross-modal between different sensory systems. We analyzed the tactile startle response （TSR） and PPI of TSR （tPPI）, using light as a prepulse stimulus, in the mouse strains A/J and c57BL/6J and 36 recombinant congenic strains derived from them. Parental strains were significantly different for TSR, but were comparable for tPPI. Among the congenic strains, variation for TSR was significant in both genetic backgrounds, but that of tPPI was significant only for the c57BL/6J background. Provisional mapping for loci modulating TSR and tPPI was carried out. Using mapping data from our previous study on acoustic startle responses （ASR） and PPI of ASR （aPPI）, no common markers for aPPI and tPPI were identified. However, some markers were significantly associated with both ASR and TSR, at least in one genetic background. These results indicate cross-modal genetic regulation for the startle response but not for PPI, in these mouse strains.

关键词： tactile startle response prepulse inhibition (PPI) acoustic startle response recombinant congenic strains of mice QTL mapping microsatellite markers

The best of both worlds:mastering nerve regeneration combining biological and nanotechnological tools

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 556-557页

作者： Paula A.Soto Marcela B.Fernández van Raap c.patricia Setton-Avruj Departamento de Química Biológica Cátedra de Química Biológica PatológicaUniversidad de Buenos AiresFacultad de Farmacia y BioquímicaInstituto de Química y Fisicoquímica Biológicas(IQUIFIB)Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos AiresArgentina Departamento de Física Universidad Nacional de La Plata(UNLP)Facultad de Ciencias ExactasLa PlataArgentinaLaboratorio de BiotecnologíaUniversidad ORT UruguayMontevideoUruguay

Over the last decade,remarkable developments in nanotechnology have powered medical research,unveiling new approaches for the solution of public health issues such as the treatment of traumatic peripheral neuropathies.

关键词： traumatic technological treatment

Influence of individual tree characteristics,spatial structure and logging history on tree-related microhabitat occurrence in North American hardwood forests

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第2期8卷 357-372页

作者： Maxence Martin patricia Raymond Yan Boucher Département des Sciences fondamentales Université du Québec à Chicoutimi555boul.de l’UniversitéChicoutimiQuébec G7H 2B1Canada Institut de la recherche sur les forêts Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue445boul.de l’UniversitéRouyn-NorandaQuébec J9X 5E4Canada centre d'étude de la forêt Université du Québec à MontréalP.O.Box 8888Centre-ville StationMontréalQuébec H3C 3P8Canada Direction de la recherche forestière Ministère des Forêtsde la Faune et des Parcs(MFFP)2700rue EinsteinQuébecQuébec G1P 3W8Canada

Background:Tree-related microhabitats(hereafter,"TreMs")are key components of forest biodiversity but they are still poorly known in North American hardwood *** spatial patterns of living trees bearing TreMs(hereafter,"TreM-trees")also remain to be *** logging practices can lead to a loss of TreM-trees and of their associated biodiversity,it is essential to identify the factors explaining TreM occurrence to better integrate them into forest *** therefore inventoried TreMs in 40.5-ha survey strips in northern hardwood forests in Quebec,canada,while recording the spatial location of each *** strips were located in unmanaged oldgrowth forests,and 2 were in forests managed under selection *** 4 stands were dominated by sugar maple(Acer saccharum Marsh.)and American beech(Fagus grandifolia Ehrn.).Beech bark disease,an exotic pathology,was observed in all the ***:Large diameter at breast height and low tree vigor were the main characteristics explaining the presence of TreMs at the tree ***-trees presented slight spatial aggregation *** aggregates,however,were not well-defined and were generally constituted by a large number of trees bearing few different types of *** TreM classes(broken branch or top and woodpecker lodge)also presented a spatial *** practices had no significant effect on TreM *** bark disease increased the frequency of senescent *** impact of this pathology on TreMs was however mitigated by the small size of infected trees and probably by the short time elapsed since its ***:The factors explaining the presence and abundance of TreMs on trees has so far been little studied in North American hardwood *** results highlight that TreM-tree characteristics in the surveyed forests are consistent with those of previous studies conducted in other forest types and regions(e.g.,Europe or Northwestern America).To our knowledge,th

关键词： Habitat trees Wildlife habitat Northern hardwoods Old-growth forest Selection cutting Ecosystembased management Biodiversity indicators conservation Forest management