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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2011年第3期1卷 85-93页

作者： Virginia Aldabalde maría Lucía Derrudi Daniela Gamenara Federico Geymonat patricia saenz-méndez mariela Risso Gustavo Seoane 不详

The mechanism and the final outcome of the Knoevenagel-Doebner reaction are discussed. The condensation reaction between different hydroxy-substituted aromatic aldehydes and malonic acid is performed using piperidine as organocatalyst. The key role of the catalyst is clearly pointed out during the decarboxylation of ferulic acid, without the use of a strong decarboxylating agent, leading to a 4-vinylphenol derivative. Based on the results obtained, the studied pathway may be important in the understanding of vinylphenol production during malting and brewing of wheat and barley grains. Finally, changing the solvent of the reaction from pyridine to water in the Knoevenagel-Doebner reaction of 4-hydroxybenzaldehydes, dimerization of resulting styrene derivatives is observed. These results can be of interest also in the field of food chemistry, since cinnamic acids are frequently found in fruits and vegetables used for human consumption.

关键词： β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids Decarboxylation Vinylphenols Organocatalysis Knoevenagel

Comparative study measuring the dilatory effect of a mydriatic device(mydriasert~) versus topical drops

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2013年第6期6卷 801-804页

作者： manuel saenz-de-Viteri patricia Fernandez-Robredo Elisa de Nova Elvira Bonet-Farriol Alfonso L.Sabater Javier Zarranz-Ventura Josemaria Caire Luis m.Sadaba Angel Salinas-Alaman Alfredo Garcia-Layana Department of Ophthalmology University of Navarra

AIm:To compare the mydriatic efficacy of an ophthalmic insert(mydriasert,mY)versus phenylephrine and tropicamide(PT)eye ***:Two controlled,prospective,randomized,single-blind studies were *** the first study,a total of 80 eyes from 40 outpatient-clinic patients were *** drops were applied to the right eye,and a mY device was inserted in the left eye for *** until maximal pupil dilation for each eye was then *** the second study,80 eyes from 80 patients undergoing cataract surgery were *** dilation was achieved using either PT drops three-times for one hour prior to surgery(40 patients),or a mY device was inserted one hour prior to surgery(40 patients).RESULTS:In the first study,mY achieved superior mydriasis compared to PT eye drops at 90min(9.04±1.33mm vs 8.78±1.37mm,P=0.012).However mY took longer than PT drops to achieve maximal dilation,and mydriasis was inferior in eyes with mY compared to PT drops at 30min(7.21±1.73mm vs 8.22±1.43mm,Pming similar by 60min(8.85±1.44mm vs 8.71±1.27mm,P=0.236).In the second study,both mY and PT achieved similar levels of mydriasis at the beginning of surgery(8.75±0.76mm with mY vs 8.77±0.63mm with PT),and also at the end of surgery(7.96±1.06mm with mY vs 8.32±0.72mm with PT),with no significant difference between groups(P=0.08).mY was well tolerated and cardiovascular effects were not influenced by dilation ***:mY could be a safe and efficacious alternative for *** mydriatic effect of mY is as good as conventional PT eye drops after 60min,and is superior after *** also maintains good pupil dilation during cataract surgery.

关键词： mydriasert~ mydriasis pupil dilation cataract surgery device

Pharmacological inhibition of cannabinoid receptor 1 stimulates gastric release of nesfatin-1 via the mTOR pathway

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第35期23卷 6403-6411页

作者： Cintia Folgueira Silvia Barja-Fernandez Laura Prado Omar Al-massadi Cecilia Castelao Veronica Pena-Leon patricia Gonzalez-saenz Javier Baltar Ivan Baamonde Rosaura Leis Carlos Dieguez Uberto Pagotto Felipe F Casanueva Sulay A Tovar Ruben Nogueiras Luisa m Seoane Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición Instituto de Salud Carlos III Department of Physiology Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases Department of Pediatric Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Servicio de Cirugía General Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago Endocrinology Unit and Center for Applied Biomedical Research Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesHospital S.Orsola-MalpighiAlma Mater University of Bologna Laboratorio de Endocrinología molecular y Celular.Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de CompostelaComplexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago

AIm To determine whether Nucb2/nesfatin1 production is regulated by the cannabinoid system through the intracellular m TOR pathway in the *** Sprague Dawley rats were treated with vehicle, rimonabant, rapamycin or rapamycin+rimonabant. Gastric tissue obtained from the animals was used for biochemical assays: Nucb2 m RNA measurement by real time PCR, gastric Nucb2/nesfatin protein content by western blot, and gastric explants to obtain gastric secretomes. Nucb2/nesfatin levels were measured in gastric secretomes and plasma using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The inhibition of cannabinoid receptor 1(CB1) by the peripheral injection of an inverse agonist, namely rimonabant, decreases food intake and increases the gastric secretion and circulating levels of Nucb2/nesfatin-1. In addition, rimonabant treatment activates m TOR pathway in the stomach as showed by the increase in pm TOR/m TOR expression in gastric tissue obtained from rimonabant treated animals. These effects were confirmed by the use of a CB1 antagonist, Am281. When the intracellular pathway m TOR/S6 k was inactivated by chronic treatment with rapamycin, rimonabant treatment was no longer able to stimulate the gastric secretion of Nucb2/*** The peripheral cannabinoid system regulates food intake through a mechanism that implies gastric production and release of Nucb2/Nesfatin-1, which is mediated by the m TOR/S6 k pathway.

关键词： NUCB2/nesfatin-1 Stomach Food intake Cannabinoid receptor 1 mTOR

Follicular helper T lymphocytes in health and disease

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World Journal of Hematology 2014年第4期3卷 118-127页

作者： Cecilia Parodi maría Noel Badano Nora Galassi Ana Coraglia patricia Baré Alejandro malbrán maría marta de Elizalde de Bracco Department of Immunology Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)– CONICET-Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM) Pacheco de Melo 3081Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires 1425Argentina Department of Virology Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas Mariano Castex (IIHEMA)-ANMPacheco de Melo 3081Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires 1425Argentina Unidad de Alergia e Inmunología Clínica Av. Pte. Roque Saenz Pe?a 1160Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1431GHABuenos AiresArgentina

A correct antibody response requires the participation of both B and T lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells. In this review we address the role of follicular helper T lymphocytes(T FH) in this reaction. We shall focus on the regulation of their development and function in health and disease. T FH can be characterized on the basis of their phenotype and the pattern of secretion of cytokines. This fact is useful to study their participation in the generation of antibody deficiency in primary immunodeficiency diseases such as common variable immunodeficiency, X-linked hyper Ig m syndrome orX-linked lymphoproliferative disease. Increased numbers of T FH have been demonstrated in several autoimmune diseases and are thought to play a role in the development of autoantibodies. In chronic viral infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B or C virus, increased circulating T FH have been observed, but their role in the protective immune response to these agents is under discussion. Likewise, an important role of T FH in the control of some experimental protozoan infections has been proposed, and it will be important to assess their relevance in order to design effective vaccination strategies.

关键词： Follicular helper T(TFH)lymphocytes TFH development Chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 5 Interleukin-21 Programmed cell death-1/Programmed cell death ligand 1(PDL-1)or PDL-2 Primary immunodeficiencies Autoimmunity Chronic viral infections Protozoan infections