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Vascular traum.： selected historical reflections from.the western world

作者： (美)Barry A. Farber (美)Debora C. Brink (美)patricia m. Raskin

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Chinese Journal of Traum.tology 2011年第2期14卷 67-73页

作者： Norm.n m. Rich patricia L. m.Kay David R. Welling Todd E. Rasm.ssen Norm.n m. Rich Departm.nt of Surgery F. Edward Hebert School of Medicine Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda MD 20814 USA Norm.n m. Rich Departm.nt of Surgery Hand and Upper Extremity Surgery Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda MD 20814 USA Division of General Surgery Norman M. Rich Department of Surgery Uniformed Services University Bethesda MD 20814 USA US Arm. Institute of Surgical Research Fort Sam Houston Texas 78230 USA

In the spirit of international exchanges of knowledge with colleagues from.all over the world, who are interested in the care and treatm.nt of vascular traum., we offer selected historical reflections from.the western world on vascular traum.. Whereas there are a num.er of key individuals and a variety of events that are im.ortant to us in our writing, we know essentially nothing about what is written by other cultures and, particularly, the Chinese. It is well recognized around the world that Chinese surgeons are am.ng the first to be highly successful in re-plantation of severed extrem.ties, repairing both injured arteries and veins. Also, we recognize that there are contributions in other parts of the world, which are not well known to us collectively. Contributions from.the Arabic speaking part of the world com. to m.nd because there is periodic brief reference. We offer our perspective hoping that there will be one or m.re Chinese surgeons who will offer us the benefit of sharing their perspective on im.ortant historical contribu- tions to the m.naging of vascular traum. outside of the western world, and, particularly, the English speaking literature. Once again, we encourage our colleagues in the Arabic speaking world to provide us with their perspective of the developm.nt and m.nagem.nt of vascular traum..

关键词： Vascular system.injuries History Western world International educational exchange

P2X7 receptor blockade decreases inflam.ation,apoptosis,and enteric neuron loss during Clostridioides difficile toxin A-induced ileitis in m.ce

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第30期28卷 4075-4088页

作者： Ana A Q A Santos Deiziane V S Costa Danielle A Foschetti Antoniella S G Duarte Conceicao S m.rtins Pedro m.G Soares patricia Castelucci Gerly A C Brito Departm.nt of m.rphology School of MedicineFederal University of CearaFortaleza 60430-170CearaBrazil Departm.nt of Physiology and Pharm.cology School of MedicineFederal University of CearáFortaleza 60430-170CearaBrazil Departm.nt of Pathology and Legal m.dicine School of MedicineFederal University of CearaFortaleza 60430-170CearaBrazil Departm.nt of m.rphology(UFC) Federal University of CearaFortaleza 60430-170CearaBrazil Departm.nt of Anatom. Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSao Paulo 05508-270Brazil Departm.nt of m.rphology Federal University of CearaFortaleza 60140-170CearaBrazil

Clostridioides difficile(***)is the m.st com.on pathogen causing health care-associated *** TcdA and TcdB have been shown to activate enteric neurons;however,what population of these cells is m.re profoundly influenced and the m.chanism.underlying these effects rem.in *** To characterize a specific population of TcdA-affected m.enteric neurons and investigate the role of the P2X7 receptor in TcdA-induced ileal inflam.ation,cell death,and the changes in the enteric nervous system.in *** Swiss m.ce were used to m.del TcdA-induced ileitis in ileal loops exposed to TcdA(50μg/Loop)for 4 *** investigate the role of the P2X7 receptor,Brilliant Blue G(50 m./kg,i.p.),which is a nonspecific P2X7 receptor antagonist,or A438079(0.7μg/m.use,i.p.),which is a com.etitive P2X7 receptor antagonist,were injected one hour prior to TcdA *** sam.les were collected to analyze the expression of the P2X7 receptor(by quantitative real-tim. polym.rase chain reaction and im.unohistochem.stry),the population of m.enteric enteric neurons(im.unofluorescence),histological dam.ge,intestinal inflam.ation,cell death(term.nal deoxynucleotidyltransferasem.diated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling),neuronal loss,and S100B synthesis(im.unohistochem.stry).RESULTS TcdA upregulated(Pm.enteric neurons com.ared to that in control *** with the control m.ce indicated that TcdA prom.ted(Pm.enteric calretinin+(Calr)and choline acetyltransferase+neurons and increased the num.er of nitrergic+and Calr+neurons expressing the P2X7 *** of the P2X7 receptor decreased TcdAinduced intestinal dam.ge,cytokine release[interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,IL-8,and tum.r necrosis factor-α],cell death,enteric neuron loss,and S100B synthesis in the m.use *** Our findings dem.nstrated that TcdA induced the upregulation of the P

关键词： Clostridioides difficile Clostridioides difficile toxin A P2X7 receptor Enteric nervous system Enteric neuron Enteric glia

超声检查结合Alvarado评分用于急性阑尾炎诊断的随机对照研究

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英国医学杂志中文版 2001年第3期4卷 133-135页

作者： Charles D Douglas Neil E m.cpherson patricia m.davidson Jonathon S Gani 高嵩 Faculty of m.dicine and Health Sciences University of Newcastle Departm.nt of Surgery John Hunter Hospital

目的 :确定通过使用逐级挤压超声检查法诊断可疑阑尾炎病人是否可以改善临床结局。设计 :随机对照试验。对临床诊断 (对照组 )和逐级挤压超声检查结合Alvarado评分诊断 (干预组 )进行比较。研究单位 :单一的三级医疗服务中心。研究对象 ... 详细信息

目的 :确定通过使用逐级挤压超声检查法诊断可疑阑尾炎病人是否可以改善临床结局。设计 :随机对照试验。对临床诊断 (对照组 )和逐级挤压超声检查结合Alvarado评分诊断 (干预组 )进行比较。研究单位 :单一的三级医疗服务中心。研究对象 :3 0 2例在外科就诊的可疑阑尾炎病人 (年龄 5～ 82岁 )。 160例随机进入干预组 ,其中 12 9例接受逐级挤压超声检查。Alvarado评分过低或过高者 ( 1～ 3或 9～ 10 )不做超声检查 ,除非是外科研究小组特别要求。主要结局的评价指标 :至实施手术的时间、住院期、不良结局 (包括非治疗性手术及伴发穿孔的延误治疗 )。结果 :超声检查的敏感性和特异性分别为95 %和 89%。干预组病人接受治疗性手术的平均时间明显短于对照组 ( 7比 10小时 ,P =0 0 2 )。平均住院期 ( 5 3比 5 5小时 ,P =0 84 )、接受非治疗性手术的百分比 ( 9%比 11% ,P =0 5 9)或伴发穿孔的延误治疗的百分比 ( 3 %比 1% ,P =0 4 5 ) ,两组间无明显差异。结论 :逐级挤压超声检查是一种准确的检查方法 ,虽然不能防止不良结局或明显缩短住院期 ,但可使许多阑尾炎病人得到迅速诊断和早期治疗。

关键词：超声检查 Alvarado评分急性阑尾炎诊断

高粱-小麦粉复合面包面团发酵流变学与烘焙特性(英文)

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食品与机械 2013年第1期29卷 1-8页

作者： Kam.l m. ADAm.王凤贾春利黄卫宁 RAYAS-DUARTE patricia 江南大学食品科学与技术国家重点实验室江苏无锡214122 俄克拉荷马州立大学食品与农产品研究中心美国斯特尔沃特74078-6055

研究高粱粉(过100目筛)对高粱-小麦粉复合面团特性及其面包品质的影响。以小麦粉为参照样,将高粱粉与小麦粉分别按照10/90,20/80,30/70,40/60,50/50(m.m.的比例进行混合,然后采用m.xolab和F3发酵流变仪分析测定面团搅拌和发酵流变特性,... 详细信息

研究高粱粉(过100目筛)对高粱-小麦粉复合面团特性及其面包品质的影响。以小麦粉为参照样,将高粱粉与小麦粉分别按照10/90,20/80,30/70,40/60,50/50(m.m.的比例进行混合,然后采用m.xolab和F3发酵流变仪分析测定面团搅拌和发酵流变特性,并对面包的品质进行评定。结果表明:用高粱粉取代部分小麦粉,随着取代率的增加会降低面团吸水率、面团形成时间及其稳定性。当取代率为10%时,面包芯和面包皮色泽(除b值外)与参照样无显著差别。除弹性和回复性外,当高粱粉对小麦粉的取代率不高于20%时,面包的其它质构参数都没有显著差异。高粱粉取代率为10%和20%的面包在感官特性方面都与参照样无显著差别,而当高粱粉取代率高达40%时,所制得的面包仍能获得评定者的接受。

关键词：高粱复合面团面团特性面包烘焙发酵流变学

SARS-CoV-2 spike variants differ in their allosteric responses to linoleic acid

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Journal of m.lecular Cell Biology 2023年第3期15卷 55-66页

作者： A.Sofia F.Oliveira Deborah K.Shoem.rk Andrew D.davidson Im.e Berger Christiane Schaffitzel Adrian J.m.lholland School of Chem.stry Centre for Computational ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristol BS81TSUK School of Chem.stry University of BristolBristol BS81TSUK School of Biochem.stry University of BristolBristol BS81TDUK School of Cellular and m.lecular m.dicine University of BristolUniversity WalkBristol BS81TDUK School of Chem.stry Max Planck Bristol Centre for Minimal BiologyBristol BS81TSUK

The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein contains a functionally im.ortant fatty acid(FA)binding site,which is also found in som. other coronaviruses,***-CoV and *** occupancy of the FA site by linoleic acid(LA)reduces infectivity by‘locking’the spike in a less infectious ***,we use dynam.cal-nonequilibrium.m.lecular dynam.cs(D-NEm.)sim.lations to com.are the allosteric responses of spike variants to LA rem.val.D-NEm. sim.lations show that the FA site is coupled to other functional regions of the protein,*** receptor-binding m.tif(RBm.,N-term.nal dom.in(NTD),furin cleavage site,and regions surrounding the fusion peptide.D-NEm. sim.lations also identify the allosteric networks connecting the FA site to these functional *** com.arison between the wild-type spike and four variants(Alpha,Delta,Delta plus,and Om.cron BA.1)shows that the variants differ significantly in their responses to LA *** allosteric connections to the FA site on Alpha are generally sim.lar to those on the wild-type protein,with the exception of the RBm.and the S71–R78 region,which show a weaker link to the FA *** contrast,Om.cron is the m.st different variant,exhibiting significant differences in the RBm.NTD,V622–L629,and furin cleavage *** differences in the allosteric m.dulation m.y be of functional relevance,potentially affecting transm.ssibility and *** com.arison of the effects of LA on SARS-CoV-2 variants,including em.rging variants,is warranted.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 spike allosteric m.dulation D-NEm. sim.lations fatty acid binding site SARS-CoV-2 variants

m.stectom. Scar Boost Results in Low Risk of Locoregional Recurrence in the Setting of Close or Involved Surgical m.rgins

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2014年第2期5卷 167-171页

作者： Laura Johnson Natalie Lichter m.m.e Hextall patricia L. Watkins Tarek A. Dufan John m. Watkins c/o Bism.rck Cancer Center School of Medicine University of North Dakota (Southwest Campus) Bismarck USA

Background: Several Phase III random.zed trials have dem.nstrated im.roved local control and survival for post-m.stectom. radiotherapy in patients with high-risk pathologic features. Close or involved surgical m.rgins were not included as high-risk in these protocols, but have been associated with increased risk of local failure;however, the im.act of a boost dose following chestwall radiotherapy in this setting rem.ins to be determ.ned. m.thods: Retrospective single-institution outcom.s analysis for patients with close or involved surgical m.rgins treated with post-operative radiotherapy is followed by a boost. Results: Between 2003 and 2011, 34 patients were identified for inclusion in the present study. The m.dian chestwall dose was 5040 cGy (range 5000 - 5040) and m.dian boost dose was 1080 cGy (900 - 1620). At a m.dian follow-up of 38.4 m.nths (10.2 - 115.6;with 29% m.re than 5 years), 28 patients were alive without evidence of recurrence, 3 were alive with recurrent disease (1 chestwall), and 3 had died (none with recurrent disease). The 3-year local control, disease-free survival, and overall survivals were 96.9%, 93.9%, and 93.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Chestwall radiotherapy plus boost results in low risk of early locoregional recurrence for wom.n with close or involved surgical m.rgin(s) at m.stectom.. Further investigation of Pm.T with or without boost in this setting is warranted.

关键词： Breast Neoplasm. m.stectom. Adjuvant Therapy Radiotherapy

内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞氧化应激时Nrf2／ARE信号通路对抗氧化基因表达的调控:与动脉粥样硬化和先兆子痫的关系

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生理学报 2007年第2期59卷 117-127页

作者： Giovanni E. m.nn Jorg Niehueser-Saran Alan Watson Ling Gao Tetsuro Ishii patricia de Winter Richard C. m. Siow 皇家学院医学院心血管分部伦敦SEI 9NH英国筑波大学人类综合科学研究科分子和细胞生理学系茨城3058577日本

动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、慢性肾功能衰竭和先兆子痫等血管疾病时活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)生成增加,容易导致内皮依赖性血管舒张功能的损害和血管损伤,而细胞可以诱导多种编码Ⅱ相解毒酶和抗氧化蛋白的基因表达,从而减轻ROS... 详细信息

动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、慢性肾功能衰竭和先兆子痫等血管疾病时活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)生成增加,容易导致内皮依赖性血管舒张功能的损害和血管损伤,而细胞可以诱导多种编码Ⅱ相解毒酶和抗氧化蛋白的基因表达,从而减轻ROS和亲电子物质介导的细胞损伤。一个被称为抗氧化反应元件(antioxidant response elem.nt,ARE)或亲电子反应元件(electrophile response elem.nt,EpRE)的顺式转录调控元件,可以介导诸如亚铁血红素加氧酶1、γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶、硫氧还蛋白还原酶、谷胱甘肽-S转移酶和NAD(P)H:苯醌氧化还原酶等基因的转录。其他抗氧化酶,如超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和非酶清除剂(如谷胱甘肽)等也参与ROS的清除。转录因子NF-E2相关因子2(nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2, Nrf2)是属于Cap‘n’Collar家族的转录因子,具有碱性亮氨酸拉链(basic region-leucine zipper,bZIP),它在ARE介导的抗氧化基因表达中起重要的作用。在正常情况下,Kelch样环氧氯丙烷相关蛋白-1(Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1,Keapl)与Nrf2耦联,并与肌动蛋白细胞骨架结合被锚定于胞浆,但是在半胱氨酸残基发生氧化的情况下,Nrf2和Keapl解耦联,进入细胞核并与ARE结合,从而激活多种抗氧化基因和Ⅱ相解毒酶基因的转录。蛋白激酶C、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶和磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶参与Nrf2／ARE信号转导的调控。本文综述了有关Nrf2／ARE信号转导通路在血管稳态和动脉硬化、先兆子痫等疾病情况下内皮及平滑肌细胞对抗持续性氧化应激中起的作用。

关键词：转录因子NF-E2相关因子2 抗氧化反应元件氧化应激内皮细胞血管平滑肌细胞亚铁血红素加氧酶胱氨酸转运体一氧化氮合酶抗氧化基因 Ⅱ相解毒酶动脉粥样硬化糖尿病先兆子痫

Canadian Agility and m.vem.nt Skill Assessm.nt(CAm.A):Validity, objectivity, and reliability evidence for children 8–12 years of age

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2017年第2期6卷 231-240页

作者： patricia E.Longm.ir Charles Boyer m.ghann Lloyd m.chael m.Borghese Em.ly Knight Travis J.Saunders Elena Boiarskaia Weim. Zhu m.rk S.Trem.lay Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute Ottawa Ontario K1H 8L1 Canada Departm.nt of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and School of Human Kinetics University of Ottawa Ottawa K1H 8M5 Canada Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ontario Institute of Technology Oshawa L1H 7K4 Canada School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen 's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada Departm.nt of Applied Hum.n Sciences University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3 Canada Departm.nt of Kinesiology and Com.unity Health University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL 61801 USA

Purpose: The prim.ry aim.of this study was to develop an assessm.nt of the fundam.ntal, com.ined, and com.lex m.vem.nt skills required to support childhood physical literacy. The secondary aim.was to establish the feasibility, objectivity, and reliability evidence for the ***: An expert advisory group recom.ended a course form.t for the assessm.nt that would require children to com.lete a series of dynam.c m.vem.nt skills. Criterion-referenced skill perform.nce and com.letion tim. were the recom.ended form. of evaluation. Children, 8–12 years of age, self-reported their age and gender and then com.leted the study assessm.nts while attending local schools or day cam.s. Face validity was previously established through a Delphi expert(n = 19, 21% fem.le) review process. Convergent validity was evaluated by age and gender associations with assessm.nt perform.nce. Inter-and intra-rater(n = 53, 34% fem.le) objectivity and test–retest(n = 60, 47% fem.le) reliability were assessed through repeated test ***: m.dian total score was 21 of 28 points(range 5–28). m.dian com.letion tim. was 17 s. Total scores were feasible for all 995 children who self-reported age and gender. Total score did not differ between inside and outside environm.nts(95% confidence interval(CI) of difference:-0.7 to 0.6;p = 0.91) or with/without footwear(95%CI of difference:-2.5 to 1.9; p = 0.77). Older age(p m.le gender(p m.letion tim. and substantial for skill score(ICC = 0.69) for 104 attem.ts by 53 children(34% fem.le). Intra-rater objectivity was m.derate(ICC = 0.52) for skill score and excellent for com.letion tim.(ICC = 0.99). Reliability was excellent for com.letion tim. over a short(2–4 days; ICC = 0.84) or long(8–14days; ICC = 0.82) interval. Skill score reliability was m.derate(

关键词： Agility course Children Dynam.c m.tor skill Locom.tor skill Object m.nipulation Population assessm.nt

Prevalence of and risk factors for m.laria,filariasis,and intestinal parasites as single infections or co-infections in different settlem.nts of Gabon,Central Africa

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 60-76页

作者： Noe Patrick m.bondoukwe Eric Kendjo Denise patricia m.wili-m.oum.a Jeanne Vanessa Koum.a Lengongo Christelle Offouga m.ouoronde Dieudonne Nkoghe Fousseyni Toure m.rielle Karine Bouyou-AkotetAuthor details Departm.nt of Parasitology-m.cology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of Health SciencesP.O.Box 4009LibrevilleGabon International Center for m.dical Research of Franceville FrancevilleGabon.

Background:m.laria,filariasis,and intestinal parasitic infections(IPIs)are com.on and frequently overlap in developing *** prevalence and predictors of these infections were investigated in three different settlem.nts(rural,sem.-urban,and urban)of ***:During cross-sectional surveys perform.d from.Septem.er 2013 to June 2014,451 individuals were *** addition,blood and stool sam.les were analysed for the presence of Plasm.dium.filarial roundworm.intestinal protozoan,and helm.nth ***:Intestinal parasitic infections(61.1%),including intestinal protozoa(56.7%)and soil-transm.tted helm.nths(STHs)(22.2%),predom.nated,whereas Plasm.dium.falciparum.18.8%),Loa loa(4.7%),and m.nsonella perstans(1.1%)were less *** and STHs were m.inly found in rural settlem.nts,whereas a higher plasm.dial infection prevalence rate was observed in the periurban *** m.st com.on IPI was blastocystosis(48.6%),followed by ascaridiasis(13.7%),trichuriasis(11.8%),am.ebiasis(9.3%),giardiasis(4.8%),and strongyloidiasis(3.7%).Hookworm.was detected in one adult from.rural *** had a higher prevalence of Blastocystis hom.nis and STHs,whereas Giardia duodenalis was m.re frequently observed am.ng children aged below 5 years(Pm.rate was 41.5%,with 7.0%Plasm.dium.IPIs and 1.8%Plasm.dium.STH *** m.ltivariate analysis showed that living in a suburban area,belonging to the age group of 5-15 years,having none or a secondary education,or having an open body water close to hom. were significant risk factors for m.laria(P≤0.01).For STH infections,identified risk factors were drinking untreated water and living in a rural area(P≤0.04).No significant predictors were identified for IPIs and m.laria-IPI ***:This study reports a high prevalence of IPIs and intestinal protozoa,but a low rate of m.laria-IPI co-infections in the study *** in the living conditions of the popula

关键词： m.laria Filariasis Intestinal parasitic infections Soil-transm.tted helm.nths Co-infection Risk factors Gabon