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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2023年第4期6卷 330-338页

作者： patricia Palma Departamento de Ciencias Históricas y Geográficas Universidad de TarapacáTarapacá1010069Chile

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) arrived from China to Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1840s due to the massive migration of Chinese people to the region. In a few years, the press noticed the presence of Chinese herbalists practicing in different cities and countries regardless of the demographic weight of the Chinese community. The fascination with Chinese doctors implicated not only the press but also the literature, a phenomenon particularly observed in Cuba. In the first decades of the 20th century, the reactivation of Chinese immigration to the region fostered an anti-Chinese climate that materialized in more significant migratory restrictions and control of their businesses, such as what happened with Chinese herbalists. These herbalists who practiced inside and outside the Chinese community started to object to criticism and persecution by the conservative press and professional doctors. Despite this, Chinese doctors will continue to maintain their support of a significant number of ill persons. This work seeks to illuminate the historical relevance of TCM in Latin America and the Caribbean, focusing on the cases of Peru, Chile, and Cuba. This last country was far from China culturally and geographically, but as in many other small towns in the region, Chinese medicine presented an alternative to the treatment of illnesses.

关键词： Caribbean Chile Chinese migration Cuba History of medicine Latin America Peru Traditional Chinese medicine

Dietary(poly)phenol intake is associated with cardiometabolic health parameters in adolescents

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Emily P.Laveriano-Santos Sara Castro-Barquero Camila Arancibia-Riveros Ana María Ruiz-León Rosa Casas Ramón Estruch patricia Bodega Mercedes de Miguel Amaya de Cos-Gandoy Jesús Martínez-Gómez Gloria Santos-Beneit Juan M.Fernández-Alvira Rodrigo Fernández-Jiménez Rosa M.Lamuela-Raventós Anna Tresserra-Rimbau The Zena and Michael A.Wiener Cardiovascular Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Department de Nutrició Ciències de l'Alimentació I Gastronomia XIA Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'alimentació Institut de Recerca en Nutrició i Seguretat Alimentària (INSA-UB) Universitat de Barcelona Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Clínic Institutd'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS) University of Barcelona Consorcio CIBER M.P.Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn) Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) Mediterranean Diet Foundation 5. Foundation for Science Health and Education (SHE) 6. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV) 9. Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos

Background: The protective role of (poly)phenols against metabolic disorders has been extensively studied in adults but not in ***: To assess associations of dietary (poly)phenols and their subclasses with cardiometabolic health parameters in adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 944 individuals aged 11 to 14 years enrolled in the SI! Program for Secondary Schools trial (NCT03504059). (Poly)phenol intake was assessed using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. The measured cardiometabolic parameters were waist circumference (WC) age-sex z-score， blood pressure (BP) age-sex z-score， blood glucose (BG)， triglycerides (TG)， and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c). Multilevel mixed-effect linear regression models were applied to examine the association between (poly)phenol quintiles and cardiometabolic health ***: Compared to the lowest quintile， adolescents in the highest quintile of total (poly)phenol intake had lower WC z-scores (β=-0.09， 95%CI=-0.09;-0.08， P-for trend=0.002)， mean arterial pressure z-scores (β =-0.11， 95%CI=-0.12;-0.09， P-for trend=0.206)， and HDL-c (β=-1.52， 95%CI=-2.90;-0.14， P-for trend=0.108)， after multivariable adjustment. The WC z-scores (β=-0.11， 95%CI=-0.19;-0.03， P-for trend=0.013) and HDL-c (β=-2.16， 95%CI=-3.78;-0.53， P-for trend=0.046) were lower in the highest quintile of flavonoid intake compared to the lowest quintile. The highest quintile of phenolic acid intake was associated with a lower WC z-score (β=-0.14， 95%CI=-0.26;-0.02， P-for trend=0.011) and TG levels (β=-8.83， 95%CI=-12.37;-5.30， P-for trend <0.001)， and the highest quintile of stilbene intake with lower BG (β=-1.83， 95%CI= -3.103;-0.64， P-for trend <0.001) and TG (β=-3.22， 95%CI= -4.95;-1.49， P-for trend=0.034)， and with higher HDL-c (β=2.328， 95%CI= 1.40;3.17， P-for trend=0.466) compared to the lowest quintile. Conclusion: A higher intake of (poly)phenols， espe

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Smoke Alarms for Informal Settlements: Monitoring and Challenges from a Large‑Scale Community Rollout in Cape Town, South Africa

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第6期13卷 936-947页

作者： Robyn Pharoah patricia Zweig Richard Walls Rodney Eksteen Research Alliance for Disaster and Risk Reduction(RADAR) Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch 7602South Africa Fire Engineering Research Unit(FireSUN) Stellenbosch UniversityStellenbosch 7602South Africa College of Engineering Architecture and TechnologyOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK 74078USA

This article presents the findings of a pilot project to test the large-scale rollout of smoke alarms in an informal community in Cape Town, South Africa. The work provides novel insight into the effectiveness and challenges associated with using smoke detectors in low-income communities. Technical details and detector considerations are also provided that will assist in enhancing future *** project installed 1200 smoke detection devices in TRA informal settlement in the suburb of Wallacedene, in the City of Cape Town, and monitored their effectiveness for a period of 12 months. The monitoring showed that there were 11 real activations, where the presence of the devices likely saved lives and homes. The project also identified a series of challenges, especially in relation to nuisance alarms,where everyday household emissions, dust, and insect ingress caused false alarms, leading some participants to uninstall devices. The findings of the pilot study suggest that although smoke detectors could provide a valuable tool for reducing the frequency and impact of informal settlement fires in South Africa and elsewhere, they need to be adapted to meet the specific needs and conditions encountered in informal dwellings. Modifications, such as adjusting device sensitivity,preventing dust and insect ingress and tailoring devices to everyday conditions, will be essential to make smoke alarms more suitable and effective in the future. Smoke alarms could become an important component of low-income community fire safety if such challenges can be addressed.

关键词： Fire safety Informal dwellings Smoke alarms South Africa

D-Dimer: Predictor of Postpartum Hemorrhage among Pre-Eclampsia at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第6期14卷 923-937页

作者： Husna Silim Ally Nyasatu G. Chamba Raziya Gaffur Nasra Batchu Glory Mangi Pendo S. Mlay Bariki Mchome Mtoro J. Mtoro Thomas J. Kakumbi Rafiki N. Mjema Doris Rwenyagila Eusebius Maro Fredrick Mbise Gilleard Masenga patricia S. Swai Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology KCMC Hospital Moshi Tanzania Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo) Moshi Tanzania

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the major contributor to maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide as well as in Tanzania. Studies have shown Pre-eclampsia as a risk indicator for Postpartum hemorrhage and D-dimer tends to rise in women with pre-eclampsia. Few studies that have shown the association between D-dimer and PPH have been controversial and differ according to ethnicity and lifestyle. Hence there is no suitable reference interval for D-dimer in predicting Postpartum hemorrhage among women with pre-eclampsia. Broad Objective: This study aimed to assess the association, sensitivity, and specificity of D-dimer as a laboratory predictor of postpartum hemorrhage among women with pre-eclampsia at KCMC hospital. Methodology: This was a hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study conducted at KCMC Hospital in Northern Tanzania from September 2022 to March 2023. A total of 195 women with pre-eclampsia were included in this study. Plasma D-dimer levels were taken from women with pre-eclampsia pre-delivery. Haematocrit was compared before and after delivery, and a fall of 10% was considered as Postpartum hemorrhage together with clinical assessment of the patient. Participants were divided among those who had severe features and those who did not have severe features and were further categorized into those who had PPH and those who did not have PPH. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between D-dimer and PPH adjusting for other factors. The Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive value. Results: Higher median D-dimer levels were seen among women who had PPH compared to those who had no PPH. D-dimer was seen to be associated with PPH, thus for every unit increase of µg/ml of D-dimer among women who had pre-eclampsia without severe features there was a 14% significant increase in the odds of having postpartum hemorrhage and a 45% significant increase of having postpartum hemorrhage among those who had pre

关键词： D-Dimer Preeclampsia Postpartum Hemorrhage Tanzania

Direct-acting antivirals for chronic hepatitis C treatment: The experience of two tertiary university centers in Brazil

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第1期14卷 195-208页

作者： Mariana Sandoval Lourenço patricia Momoyo Y Zitelli Marlone cunha-Silva Arthur Ivan N Oliveira Cláudia P Oliveira Tiago Sevá-Pereira Flair JoséCarrilho Mario G Pessoa Daniel F Mazo Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of Medical SciencesUniversity of CampinasSao Paulo 13083-878Brazil Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of GastroenterologyUniversity of São Paulo School of MedicineSao Paulo 05403-900Brazil

BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)treatment has undergone major changes in recent *** interferon-based therapies have been replaced by oral direct-acting antivirals(DAA)regimens,with high sustained virologic response(SVR)rates,and a lower incidence of adverse events(AEs).AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of DAAs for HCV treatment in subjects from two tertiary university centers in *** This is a multicenter retrospective cohort study of 532 patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC),undergoing treatment with interferon-free regimens from November 2015 to November *** therapeutic regimen was defined by the current Brazilian guidelines for HCV management at the time of ***,anthropometric,clinical,and laboratory variables were *** were assessed at 12 to 24 wk after therapy by intention-to-treat(ITT),and modified ITT(m-ITT)*** and serious adverse events(SAEs)were *** the statistical analysis,a P value of<0.05 was considered *** The mean age was 56.88 years,with 415(78.5%)being HCV genotype 1,followed by genotype 3(20.1%).Moreover,306(57.5%)subjects had cirrhosis,and a third of them had decompensated ***(SOF)plus daclatasvir±ribavirin was the most frequently used treatment(66.9%),followed by SOF plus simeprevir(21.2%).The overall ITT SVR was 92.6%(493/532),while the m-ITT SVR was 96.8%(493/509).Variables associated with treatment failure via ITT evaluation were hepatic encephalopathy(OR:4.320;95%CI:1.920-9.721,P=0.0004),presence of esophageal varices(OR:2.381;95%CI:1.137-4.988,P=0.0215),previous portal hypertensive bleeding(OR:2.756;95%CI:1.173-6.471,P=0.02),higher model for end-stage liver disease scores(OR:1.143,95%CI:1.060–1.233,P=0.0005),lower serum albumin levels(OR:0.528,95%CI:0.322-0.867,P=0.0115),higher serum creatinine(OR:1.117,95%CI:1.056-1.312,P=0.0033),and international normalized ratio(INR)levels(OR:5.542,95%CI:2.023-15.182,P=0.0009).AEs were reported

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Antiviral agents Hepatitis C virus Sustained virologic response Liver cirrhosis Safety

Role of short chain fatty acids in gut health and possible therapeutic approaches in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第28期10卷 9985-10003页

作者： Marcos Antônio Ferreira Caetano patricia Castelucci Department of Anatomy Institute of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508900SPBrazil

Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs) are characterized by inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract and include Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s *** diseases are costly to health services,substantially reduce patients’ quality of life,and can lead to complications such as cancer and even *** include abdominal pain,stool bleeding,diarrhea,and weight *** treatment of these diseases is symptomatic,seeking disease *** intestine is colonized by several microorganisms,such as fungi,viruses,and bacteria,which constitute the intestinal microbiota(IM).IM bacteria promotes dietary fibers fermentation and produces short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) that exert several beneficial effects on intestinal *** can bind to G protein-coupled receptors,such as GPR41 and GPR43,promoting improvements in the intestinal barrier,anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant ***,SCFAs could be a therapeutic tool for ***,the mechanisms involved in these beneficial effects of SCFAs remain poorly ***,this paper aims to provide a review addressing the main aspects of IBDs,and a more detailed sight of SCFAs,focusing on the main effects on different aspects of the intestine with an emphasis on IBDs.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Short-chain fatty acid Butyrate Inflammatory bowel diseases Free fatty acid receptor

Hierarchical model updating strategy of complex assembled structures with uncorrelated dynamic modes

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第3期35卷 281-296页

作者： Chengwei FEI Haotian LIU Rhea patricia LIEM Yatsze CHOY Lei HAN Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong Kong 999077China Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China

In structural simulation and design,an accurate computational model directly determines the effectiveness of performance *** establish a high-fidelity dynamic model of a complex assembled structure,a Hierarchical Model Updating Strategy(HMUS)is developed for Finite Element(FE)model updating with regard to uncorrelated *** principle of HMUS is first elaborated by integrating hierarchical modeling concept,model updating technology with proper uncorrelated mode treatment,and parametric *** the developed strategy,the correct correlated mode pairs amongst the uncorrelated modes are identified by an error minimization *** proposed updating technique is validated by the dynamic FE model updating of a simple fixed–fixed *** proposed HMUS is then applied to the FE model updating of an aeroengine stator system(casings)to demonstrate its *** studies reveal that(A)parametric modeling technique is able to build an efficient equivalent model by simplifying complex structure in geometry while ensuring the consistency of mechanical characteristics;(B)the developed model updating technique efficiently processes the uncorrelated modes and precisely identifies correct Correlated Mode Pairs(CMPs)between FE model and experiment;(C)the proposed HMUS is accurate and efficient in the FE model updating of complex assembled structures such as aeroengine casings with large-scale model,complex geometry,high-nonlinearity and numerous parameters;(D)it is appropriate to update a complex structural FE model *** efforts of this study provide an efficient updating strategy for the dynamic model updating of complex assembled structures with experimental test data,which is promising to promote the precision and feasibility of simulation-based design optimization and performance evaluation of complex structures.

关键词： Aeroengine casings Assembled structures Correlated mode pair Hierarchical model updating Objective function Uncorrelated modes

Parametric study of spark plasma sintering of Al_(20)Cr_(20)Fe_(25)Ni_(25)Mn_(10) high entropy alloy with improved microhardness and corrosion

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第1期29卷 119-127页

作者： Andries Mthisi Nicholus Malatji A.patricia I.Popoola L.Rudolf Kanyane Department of Chemical Metallurgical and Materials EngineeringTshwane University of TechnologyP.M.B.X680PretoriaSouth Africa

Multicomponent Al_(20)Cr_(20)Fe_(25)Ni_(25)Mn_(10) alloys were synthesized using spark plasma sintering at different temperatures(800,900,and 1000℃)and holding times(4,8,and 12 min)to develop a high entropy alloy(HEA).The characteristics of spark plasma-synthesized(SPSed)alloys were experimentally explored through investigation of microstructures,microhardness,and corrosion using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),Vickers microhardness tester,and potentiodynamic polarization,*** diffraction(XRD)characterization was employed to identify the phases formed on the developed *** EDS results revealed that the alloys consisted of elements selected in this work irrespective of varying sintering *** XRD,EDS,and scanning electron microscopy collectively provided evidence that the fabricated alloys were characterized by globular microstructures exhibiting face-centered cubic phase,which was formed on a basis of solid solution *** finding implies that the SPSed alloy showed the features of *** alloy produced at 1000℃ and holding time of 12 min portrayed an optimal microhardness of HV 447.97,but the value decreased to HV 329.47 after heat *** same alloy showed an outstanding corrosion resistance *** increase in temperature resulted in an Al_(20)Cr_(20)Fe_(25)Ni_(25)Mn_(10) alloy with superior density,microhardness,and corrosion resistance over the other alloys developed at different parameters.

关键词： high entropy alloy spark plasma sintering microhardness corrosion

A Review of Double Kissing Crush Stenting in Coronary Bifurcation Lesions

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Cardiology Discovery 2022年第3期2卷 174-181页

作者： Tak W.Kwan patricia Lin Department of Cardiology Lenox Hill Hospital/Norwell HealthNew York CityNew York 10075USA Department of Medicine Lake Erie College of Osteopathic MedicineElmiraNew York 14901USA

Double kissing(DK)crush stenting for coronary bifurcation lesions has gain popularity worldwide because of its superior randomized studies data and excellent clinical *** review evaluates all DK crush clinical trials and *** also reveals the contemporary technique steps by steps as well as the trouble shooting with illustrated clinical *** all the available evidence,the DK crush technique is superior when compared to the provisional stenting technique for complex bifurcation *** crush stenting provides the best evidence-based approach to complex bifurcation lesions especially the left main coronary artery bifurcation *** direction of how to make this DK crush technique better is also proposed.

关键词： Coronary artery disease Double kissing crush Provisional stenting Bifurcation

Neonates are more vulnerable to symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection than children:a matched cohort study in Brazil

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第6期18卷 437-442页

作者： Char Leung Luisamanda Selle Karina Mary de Paiva patricia Haas School of Clinical Medicine Addenbrooke’s HospitalUniversity of CambridgeHills RoadCambridgeCB20QQUK Department of Speech Language and Hearing SciencesFederal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolisBrazil

As the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is one of the seven coronaviruses pathogenic to human and one of the four human coronaviruses that cause acute respiratory disease *** it affects people of all age groups,the risk of mortality is *** in many other diseases,elderly patients have a higher risk of infection,mortality,and morbidity[1].While it is a common belief that children fare better than adult and elderly,recent evidence merged that neonates and infants are associated with a higher risk of mortality and morbidity,compared to children and adolescents[2,3].For instance,a cross-country study found that the infection–fatality ratio of those aged<5 years was found to be 0.003,higher than those aged between 5 and 14 years of 0.001 despite lower than those aged between 20 and 59 that vary between 0.006 and 0.323[4].However,whether this holds true in the risk of infection is not yet *** this background,the present work aimed to verify whether neonates are more susceptible to COVID-19 using publicly available data of all polymerase chain reaction(PCR)tests performed in the state of São Paulo of Brazil.

关键词： mortality infection acute