检索结果-南通市图书馆

Potential Use of a Poultry Manure Digestate as a Biofertiliser:Evaluation of Soil Properties and Lactuca sativa Growth

引用

Pedosphere 2019年第1期29卷 60-69页

作者： Natalia MóRTOLA Romina ROMANIUK Vanina COSENTINO Maximiliano EIZA patricia CARFAGNO Pedro RIZZO patricia BRES Nicolás RIERA Marcos ROBA Mariano BUTTI Daiana SAINZ Lucrecia BRUTTI Soil Institute National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) Institute of Zoology and Agricultural Microbiology National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA) Rural Engineering Institute National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA)

Anaerobic digestion is a process that is widely used for the treatment of organic wastes. The digestate can be used as a soil amendment or crop fertiliser. The aims of our work were to evaluate 1) the physicochemical composition and pathogen content in a digestate from poultry manure, according to international regulations, and 2) the effect of its soil application on the major chemical and biological soil properties and on the growth of Lactuca sativa. The experiment consisted of two groups of pots(with and without crop). Treatments applied to each group were as follows: low and high doses of digestate and inorganic fertiliser, and no application(control)(low dose: 70 kg nitrogen(N) ha^(-1) and 21 kg phosphorus(P) ha^(-1); high dose: 210 kg N ha^(-1) and 63 kg P ha^(-1)). Soil samples were taken 7 and 34 d(harvest) after treatment applications. Heavy metal and pathogen contents in the digestate were below the upper limit values. Despite the high pH and electrical conductivity values of the digestate, both soil parameters presented acceptable values for crop growth. Although there were no initial increases in total inorganic N and available P in soil with digestate application, an increase in the fresh weight of crop was observed with the high dose application. This is probably associated with the slow nutrient release from the digestate during the development of the crop. Changes in the microbial community were temporary and occurred at the initial sampling stage of the experiment.

关键词： anaerobic digestion crop yield organic fertiliser organic waste soil amendment soil chemical properties soil microbiological properties

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Social cliques in male northern muriquis Brachyteles hypoxanthus

引用

Current Zoology 2012年第2期58卷 342-352页

作者： Marcos TOKUDA Jean P. BOUBLI patricia IZAR Karen B. STRIER Department of Experimental Psychology University of S~io Paulo Av. Prof. Mello Moraes 1721 CEP 05508-030 Sao Paulo Brazil Wildlife Conservation Society Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Anthropology University of Wisconsin-Madison USA

Analyses of spatial relationships and social interactions provide insights into the social structure of animal societies and the ways in which social preferences among and between dyads affect higher order social relationships. In this paper we de- scribe the patterns of spatial associations and social interactions among adult male northern muriquis in order to evaluate the dy- namics of their social networks above the dyadic levels. Systematic observations were made on the 17 adult males present in a multi-male/multi-female group from April 2004 through February 2005, and in July 2005. Analyses of their spatial relationships identified two distinct male cliques; some adult males （called ＂N＂ males） were more connected to the females and immatures than other adult males （＂MU＂ males）, which were more connected to one another. Affiliative interactions were significantly higher among dyads belonging to the same clique than to different cliques. Although frequencies of dyadic agonistic interactions were similarly low among individuals within and between cliques, MU males appeared to be subordinate to N males. Nonetheless, there were no significant differences in the copulation rates estimated for MU males and N males. Mutual benefits of cooperation between MU and N cliques in intergroup encounters might explain their ongoing associations in the same mixed-sex group

关键词： Brachyteles hypoxanthus Male northern muriquis Social relationship Social clique Social network analysis

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Indirect costs associated with deaths from the Ebola virus disease in West Africa

引用

Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2015年第1期4卷 95-104页

作者： Joses Muthuri Kirigia Felix Masiye Doris Gatwiri Kirigia patricia Akweongo Health Systems and Services Cluster World Health OrganizationRegional Office for AfricaBrazzavilleCongo Department of Economics University of ZambiaLusakaZambia The KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme NairobiKenya School of Public Health University of GhanaAccraGhana

Background:By 28 June 2015,there were a total of 11,234 deaths from the Ebola virus disease(EVD)in five West African countries(Guinea,Liberia,Mali,Nigeria and Sierra Leone).The objective of this study was to estimate the future productivity losses associated with EVD deaths in these West African countries,in order to encourage increased investments in national health ***:A cost-of-illness method was employed to calculate future non-health(NH)gross domestic product(GDP)(NHGDP)losses associated with EVD *** future non-health GDP loss(NHGDPLoss)was discounted at 3%.Separate analyses were done for three different age groups(45 years)for the five countries(Guinea,Liberia,Mali,Nigeria,and Sierra Leone)affected by *** also conducted a one-way sensitivity analysis at 5 and 10%discount rates to gauge their impacts on expected ***:The discounted value of future NHGDPLoss due to the 11,234 deaths associated with EVD was estimated to be Int$(international dollars)155,663,*** 27.86%of the loss would be borne by Guinea,34.84%by Liberia,0.10%by Mali,0.24%by Nigeria and 36.96%by Sierra *** 27.27%of the loss is attributed to those aged under 14 years,66.27%to those aged 15–44 years and 6.46%to those aged over 45 *** average NHGDPLoss per EVD death was estimated to be Int$17,473 for Guinea,Int$11,283 for Liberia,Int$25,126 for Mali,Int$47,364 for Nigeria and Int$14,633 for Sierra ***:In spite of alluded limitations,the estimates of human and economic losses reported in this paper,in addition to those projected by the World Bank,show that EVD imposes a significant economic burden on the affected West African *** heavy burden,coupled with human rights and global security concerns,underscores the urgent need for increased domestic and external investments to enable Guinea,Liberia and Sierra Leone(and other vulnerable African countries)to develop resilient health systems,including

关键词： Ebola virus disease Non-health GDP loss Indirect cost Cost-of-illness

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Vaccinations in immunosuppressive-dependent pediatric inflammatory bowel disease

引用

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第42期23卷 7644-7652页

作者： Huyen-Tran Nguyen Phillip Minar Kimberly Jackson patricia C Fulkerson Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center University of Cincinnati College of Medicine

AIM To determine the vaccination rates in pediatric immunosuppression-dependent inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and review the safety and efficacy of vaccinations in this *** The electronic medical records from October 2009 to December 2015 of patients diagnosed with IBD at 10 years of age or younger and prescribed antitumor necrosis factor alpha(anti-TNF-α) therapy were reviewed for clinical history, medication history, vaccination history, and hepatitis B and varicella titers. Literature discussing vaccination response in IBD patients were identified through search of the MEDLINE database and reviewed using the key words "inflammatory bowel disease", "immunization", "vaccination", "pneumococcal", "varicella", and "hepatitis B". Non-human and non-English language studies were excluded. Search results were reviewed by authors toselect articles that addressed safety and efficacy of immunizations in inflammatory bowel *** A total of 51 patients diagnosed with IBD prior to the age of 10 and receiving anti-TNF-α therapy were identified. Thirty-three percent of patients(17/51) had incomplete or no documentation of vaccinations. Sixteen case reports, cohort studies, cross-sectional studies, and randomized trials were determined through review of the literature to describe the safety and efficacy of hepatitis B, pneumococcal, and varicella immunizations in adult and pediatric patients with IBD. These studies showed that patients safely tolerated the vaccines without significant adverse effects. Importantly, IBD patients receiving immunosuppressive medications, particularly anti-TNF-α treatment, have decreased vaccine response compared to controls. However, the majority of patients are still able to achieve protective levels of specific antibodies. CONCLUSION Immunizations have been shown to be well-tolerated and protective immunity can be achieved in patients with IBD requiring immunosuppressive therapy.

关键词： Vaccination Immunosuppression Earlyonset inflammatory bowel disease Very early-onset inflammatory bowel disease

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Ontogenetic transition in leaf traits: a new cost associated with the increase in leaf longevity

引用

Journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第6期7卷 567-575页

作者： Sonia Mediavilla Maria Herranz patricia González-Zurdo Alfonso Escudero Departamento de Ecología Facultad de BiologíaUniversidad de SalamancaSalamanca 37071Spain

Aims Recent work has identified a worldwide‘economics’spectrum of correlated leaf traits that mainly reflects the compromises between maximizing leaf longevity and short-term ***,during the early stages of tree growth different species tend to exhibit a common strategy,because competition for soil water and nutrients forces the maximization of short-term productivity owing to the need for rapid growth during the most vulnerable part of the tree’s life ***,our aim here was to compare the variations that occur during ontogeny in the different leaf traits(morphology and leaf chemical composition)of several coexisting Mediterranean woody species differing in their leaf life spans and to test our hypothesis that tree species with a long leaf life span should exhibit larger shifts in leaf characteristics along *** Six Mediterranean tree species differing in leaf life span,selected from three plots located in central-western Spain,were studied during three growth stages:seedlings,juveniles and mature *** life span,leaf morphology(leaf area,dry weight,thickness and mass per unit area)and chemical composition(N and fibre con-centrations)were measured in all six *** magnitude of the ontogenetic changes in the different traits was estimated and related to the mean leaf longevity of the different *** Findings Along ontogeny,strong changes were observed in all variables *** early growth stages showed lower leaf thickness,leaf thickness and mass per unit area and N,cellulose and hemi-cellulose concentrations than mature trees,but a higher lignin ***,these changes were especially marked in species with a longer leaf life span at *** dif-ferences in leaf life span,leaf morphology and chemical com-position were stronger at the mature stage than at the seedling *** conclude that greater plasticity and more intense strat-egy shifts along ontogeny are necessarily associ

关键词： leaf morphology leaf N concentration fibre content Pinus Quercus tree age class

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Morphological Characterization and Hydrodynamic Behavior of Shortfin Mako Shark(Isurus oxyrinchus)Dorsal Fin Denticles

引用

Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第4期16卷 730-741页

作者： Fernandez-Waid patricia Diez Guzman Bidaguren Inigo Izagirre Urtzi Blanco Jesus Maria Soto Manu Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology(PiE-UP V/EHU)University of the Basque CountryBilbao and Areatza z/gPlentzia 48620BizkaiaSpain Marine Research Division AZTITxatxarramendi s/n Sukarrieta 48395BizkaiaSpain Department of Nuclear Engineering and Fluid Mechanics School of Engineering(UP V/EHU)University of the Basque CountryPlaza lngeniero Torres Quevedo 148013 BilbaoBizkaiaSpain

The shortfin mako shark(Isurus oxyrinchus)is one of the fastest marine fishes,reaching speeds of up to 70 km·h^-*** speed is related to the skin surface design composed of dermal *** vary in size and shape according to placement on the body and minimize turbulence around the *** objective of this study is to analyze the interaction between seawater flow and denticles on the dorsal ***-resolution microscopy(scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy)were used to measure defined parts of the dermal *** measurements,along with ratios based on length-to-width define three morphologies(rounded,semi-rounded,long)that were 3D *** fluid dynamics simulated fluid passage over reconstructed denticles and describe hy-drodynamic efficiency under different *** increase in angle of inclination produced a relevant increase in the drag coefficient,especially for high velocity *** lowest drag coefficient values were found in long and semi-rounded,followed by rounded *** hydrodynamic behavior of shark skin demonstrates a relation to the morphological characteristics of dermal denticles on the dorsal *** is concluded that the best hydroefficiency relies on the rounded morphology and may serve to design hydrodynamically efficient surfaces or manmade assemblies.

关键词： denticles hydrodynamic mako shark computational fluid dynamics

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Frugivory and seed dispersal in the Galápagos:what is the state of the art?

引用

Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 110-129页

作者： Ruben HELENO Stephen BLAKE patricia JARAMILLO Anna TRAVESET Pablo VARGAS Manuel NOGALES Mediterranean Institute of Advanced Studies(CSIC-UIB) Terrestrial Ecology GroupMallorcaBalearic Islands Royal Botanical Garden Madrid(CSIC-RJB) Madrid Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group(CSIC-IPNA) TenerifeCanary IslandsSpain Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Vogelwarte RadolfzellRadolfzellGermany Charles Darwin Foundation Puerto AyoraSanta CruzGalapagosQuitoEcuador

The Galápagos are considered a model oceanic archipelago,with unique flora and fauna currently threatened by alien invasive *** dispersal is an important ecosystem function with consequences for plant population dynamics and vegetation ***,understanding the seed dispersal abilities of the assemblages of frugivores will inform scientists and managers of the dynamics of plant invasions and improve management *** we provide the first comprehensive review of published information on frugivory and animal seed dispersal in the Galá*** collected data from a variety of sources,including notes of the first naturalist expeditions,gray literature available only in Galápagos collections,and peer-reviewed journal ***–animal frugivorous interactions were retrieved from 43 studies and compiled into an interaction matrix describing 366 unique *** studies focused on fruit consumption as a driving force for natural selection,but seed fate was seldom *** most(71%)of the interactions involved native plants,more than one-quarter(28%)involved introduced *** involving birds are considerably more common than those of reptiles and mammals,probably reflecting a research bias towards *** the historical importance of the archipelago as the laboratory for evolutionary and ecological research,understanding of its seed dispersal systems is *** end the review by suggesting 3 priority areas of research on frugivory and seed dispersal in the Galápagos:(i)target research to close knowledge gaps;(ii)the use of a network approach to frame seed dispersal at the community level;and(iii)evaluation of the effect of seed dispersal as a selective pressure acting upon plants and ***,the output of this research has to be properly delivered to the Galápagos National Park Services to help increase management effectiveness.

关键词： conservation planning oceanic islands plant invasions plant-animal interaction seed predation

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The art of the wasted day

The art of the wasted day

引用

作者： patricia Hampl.

来源：南通市图书馆图书评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Preference status does not indicate intrinsic quality differences in Drosophila pseudoobscura

引用

Integrative Zoology 2010年第3期5卷 198-207页

作者： Yong-Kyu KIM Mary Beth WEBER Wyatt W.ANDERSON patricia Adair GOWATY Department of Genetics University of GeorgiaAthensGeorgiaUSA Rollins School of Public Health Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Institute of the Environment University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute APOUSA

The good genes hypothesis states that choosers prefer individuals of high intrinsic quality to individuals of lower intrinsic *** in longevity is thought to reflect,in part,intrinsic quality differences of individuals in addition to the costs of mating and *** we report longevity variation of Drosophila pseudoobscura,a species in which previous experiments have demonstrated that individual mate preferences(pre-touching mate assessments)of females and males are associated with enhanced numbers of eclosed(adult)offspring and higher egg-to-adult survival(offspring viability).Using mate assessment arenas and protocols similar to those in a previous experiment that demonstrated fitness benefits to breeders and their offspring of mating with individuals they preferred,we tested the following predictions:(i)preferred discriminatees live longer than non-preferred discriminatees;(ii)males live longer than females;and(iii)virgins live longer than mated *** experiment yielded 938 individuals for longevity *** and mating status affected longevity:males lived longer than females,virgin females lived longer than mated females,but there were no differences in longevity for mated and virgin ***-preferred discriminatees of both sexes survived as long as preferred discriminatees,a result inconsistent with the prediction of the good genes hypothesis for mate *** our knowledge,this is the first demonstration of the cost of reproduction for females in *** and of longevity variation of preferred and non-preferred discriminatees.

关键词： longevity mate assessment mate choice mate preferences.

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Antioxidant Migration Studies in Chitosan Films Incorporated with Plant Extracts

引用

Journal of Renewable Materials 2018年第5期6卷 548-558页

作者： Victor Gomes Lauriano Souza patricia Freitas Rodrigues Maria Paula Duarte Ana Luisa Fernando MEtRiCS Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia da BiomassaFaculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia(FCT)Universidade NOVA de LisboaCampus da Caparica2829-516 CaparicaPortugal CENIMAT/I3N Departamento de Ciências dos MateriaisFaculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia(FCT)Universidade NOVA de LisboaCampus da Caparica2829-516 CaparicaPortugal

The aim of this work was to develop an active biopolymer based on chitosan by incorporating natural *** essential oils(ginger,rosemary,sage,tea tree and thyme)and six hydro-alcoholic extracts(from ginger,green and black tea,kenaf leaves,rosemary and sage plants)were *** assays were carried out to evaluate the films’activity,and total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were monitored in the simulant during *** between natural compounds and polymeric matrix was evaluated by FTIR *** diffusion of the phenolic compounds was not detected in the films incorporated with hydro-alcoholic extracts(HAEs),indicating their entrapment in the *** was observed in the films with essential oils(EOs),and biobased films incorporated with ginger,sage or rosemary essential oils,presented the highest diffusion and antioxidant activity in the simulant,highlighting their functionality and potential to be used as food active packaging material.

关键词： Active packaging antioxidant activity biopolymers chitosan phenolic content

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：