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尿激酶溶液及其冷冻干燥制剂的稳定性研究

中国生化药物杂志 1991年第4期 68-68页

作者： patel J.p 徐卫龙

尿激酶在临床上主要用于溶血栓。本文对应用组织培养技术,从人肾细胞中分离得到的低分子量尿激酶(分子量为33,000)在溶液中及在冷冻干燥后的稳定性进行了研究。研究表明,尿激酶在55℃,pH5～9的溶液中的失活符合伪一级动力学过程。在pH6.... 详细信息

尿激酶在临床上主要用于溶血栓。本文对应用组织培养技术,从人肾细胞中分离得到的低分子量尿激酶(分子量为33,000)在溶液中及在冷冻干燥后的稳定性进行了研究。研究表明,尿激酶在55℃,pH5～9的溶液中的失活符合伪一级动力学过程。在pH6.5时最稳定。以前曾有报道,从尿中提取的低分子量尿激酶在pH9左右时最稳定,而高分子量尿激酶在pH3～9时均相当稳定。因此,作者

关键词：尿激酶蛋白酶制剂橡皮塞冷冻干燥

干扰素α在体内和体外试验中对肝祖细胞的抗增殖作用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第10期2卷 53-54页

作者： Lim R. Knight B. patel K. J.K.Olynyk 宋平 School of Medicine and pharmacology University of Western AustraliaFremantle Hospital CampusPO Box 480FremantleWA 6959Australia

Hepatic progenitor cells(called oval cells in rodents) proliferate during chronic liver injury. They have been suggested as targets of malignant transformation in chronic liver diseases, including chronic hepatitis C. Interferon alpha therapy reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis C regardless of viral clearance. The aim of this study was to determine whether interferon alpha could reduce the risk of HCC by modifying preneoplastic events in the hepatic progenitor cell population. pre-and post-treatment liver biopsies were evaluated for changes in the hepatic progenitor cell population in 16 patients with non-responding chronic hepatitis C. Interferon alpha-based treatment significantly reduced the numbers of c-kit-positive hepatic progenitor cells by 50%. To determine the mechanism of cell number reduction, the effects of interferon alpha on murine hepatic progenitor cells were studied in vitro. MTT(3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) proliferation assay and proliferating cell nuclear antigen staining showed that interferon alpha had a dose-dependent, anti-proliferative effect. Interferon alpha stimulated hepatocytic and biliary differentiation of the oval cell lines reflected by increased expression of albumin and cytokeratin 19 accompanied by decreased expression of alpha fetoprotein and Thy-1. To validate these results in vivo,mice were placed on the choline-deficient, ethionine-supplemented diet to induce liver injury and oval cell proliferation and treated with pegylated interferon alpha 2b for 2 weeks. This resulted in a significant four-fold reduction in the number of oval cells (p pha-based treatment reduced the number of hepatic progenitor cells in chronic liver injury by modulating apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation.

关键词：干扰素α 肝祖细胞抗增殖作用体外试验慢性丙型肝炎丙型肝炎患者肝细胞肝癌慢性肝病卵圆细胞

On-chip beam rotators,adiabatic mode converters,and waveplates through low-loss waveguides with variable cross-sections

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第8期11卷 1876-1890页

作者： Bangshan Sun Fyodor Morozko patrick S.Salter Simon Moser Zhikai pong Raj B.patel Ian A.Walmsley Mohan Wang Adir Hazan Nicolas Barré Alexander Jesacher Julian Fells Chao He Aviad Katiyi Zhen-Nan Tian Alina Karabchevsky Martin J.Booth Department of Engineering Science University of OxfordOxfordOX13PJUK School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the NegevP.O.B.653Beer-Sheva8410501Israel Institute of Biomedical physics Medical University of InnsbruckMüllerstraße 446020InnsbruckAustria Ultrafast Quantum Optics group Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondonUK Department of physics University of OxfordOxfordUK Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies(SAOT) Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NürnbergPaul-Gordan-Straße 691052ErlangenGermany State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130012China

photonics integrated circuitry would benefit considerably from the ability to arbitrarily control waveguide cross-sections with high precision and low loss,in order to provide more degrees of freedom in manipulating propagating ***,we report a new method for femtosecond laser writing of optical-fiber-compatible glass waveguides,namely spherical phase-induced multicore waveguide(SpIM-WG),which addresses this challenging task with three-dimensional on-chip light *** in the heating regime with high scanning speed,precise deformation of cross-sections is still achievable along the waveguide,with shapes and sizes finely controllable of high resolution in both horizontal and vertical transversal *** observed that these waveguides have high refractive index contrast of 0.017,low propagation loss of 0.14 dB/cm,and very low coupling loss of 0.19 dB coupled from a single-mode ***-WG devices were easily fabricated that were able to perform on-chip beam rotation through varying angles,or manipulate the polarization state of propagating light for target *** also demonstrated SpIM-WG mode converters that provide arbitrary adiabatic mode conversion with high efficiency between symmetric and asymmetric nonuniform modes;examples include circular,elliptical modes,and asymmetric modes from ppKTp(periodically poled potassium titanyl phosphate)waveguides which are generally applied in frequency conversion and quantum light *** inside optical glass,these waveguides and devices have the capability to operate across ultra-broad bands from visible to infrared *** compatibility with optical fiber also paves the way toward packaged photonic integrated circuitry,which usually needs input and output fiber connections.

关键词： waveguide waveguides polarization

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手术产与产后抑郁症关系的队列研究

世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第9期1卷 1-2页

作者： patel R.R. Murphy D.J. peters T.J. 王佳楣 Division of Obstetrics University of Bristol St. Michael's Hospital Bristol BS2 8EG United Kingdom

Objectives: To assess the association between elective caesarean section and p ostnatal depression compared with planned vaginal delivery and whether emergency caesarean section or assisted vaginal delivery is associated with postnatal dep ression compared with spontaneous vaginal delivery. Design: prospective populati on based cohort study. Setting: ALSpAC (the Avon longitudinal study of parents a nd children). participants: 14 663 women recruited antenatally with a due date b etween 1 April 1991 and 31 December 1992. Main outcome measure: Edinburgh postna tal depression scale score ≥13 at eight weeks postnatal on self completed quest ionnaire. Results: Albeit with wide confidence intervals, there was no evidence that elective caesarean section altered the odds of postnatal depression compared with plann ed vaginal delivery (adjusted odds ratio 1.06, 95%confidence interval 0.66 to 1 .70, p = 0.80). Among planned vaginal deliveries there was similarly little evid ence of a difference between women who have emergency caesarean section or assis ted vaginal delivery and those who have spontaneous vaginal delivery (1.17, 0.77 to 1.79, p = 0.46, and 0.89, 0.68 to 1.18, p = 0.42, respectively). Conclusions : There is no reason for women at risk of postnatal depression to be managed dif ferently with regard to mode of delivery. Elective caesarean section does not pr otect against postnatal depression. Women who plan vaginal delivery and require emergency caesarean section or assisted vaginal delivery can be reassured that t here is no reason to believe that they are at increased risk of postnatal depression.

关键词：产后抑郁症队列研究选择性剖宫产阴道分娩急诊剖宫产问卷评分测量表纵向研究可信区间日至

穿透性角膜移植术后15年角膜内皮和术后的变化

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（眼科学分册） 2005年第7期1卷 12-13页

作者： patel S.V. Hodge D.O. Bourne W.M. 司冰心 Bourne Mayo Clinic 200 First Street SW Rochester MN55905 United States

purpose: To determine changes in the central endothelium and thickness of grafted corneas and the cumulative probability of developing glaucoma, of graft rejection, and of graft failure 15 years after penetrating keratoplasty. Design: Longitudinal cohort study of 500 consecutive penetrating keratoplasties by one surgeon. Methods: Regrafted eyes, fellow eyes of bilateral cases, and patients not granting research authorization were excluded, leaving 388 grafts for analysis. At intervals after surgery, we photographed the endothelium and measured corneal thickness using specular microscopy. The presence of glaucoma, graft rejection, and graft failure were recorded. Results: The 67 patients examined at 15 years represented 30% of the available clear grafts. Endothelial cell loss from preoperative donor levels was 71± 12% (mean± standard deviation, n=67), endothelial cell density was 872± 348 cells/mm2, and corneal thickness was 0.59± 0.06 mm. Endothelial cell density was unchanged between 10 and 15 years, whereas corneal thickness increased (p=.001, n=55). The mean annual rate of endothelial cell loss from 10 to 15 years after surgery was 0.2± 5.7% (n=54). The cumulative probability of developing glaucoma, graft rejection, or graft failure was 20% , 23% , and 28% , respectively, and 6 of the 8 graft failures after 10 years resulted from late endothelial failure. Conclusions: From 10 to 15 years after penetrating keratoplasty, the annual rate of endothelial cell loss was similar to that of normal corneas, corneal thickness increased, and late endothelial failure was the major cause of graft failure.

关键词：角膜内皮移植排斥角膜植片角膜厚度角膜移植角膜中央生行丢失率再移植队列研究

政府强制性继续医学教育以及循证治疗在急性心肌梗死患者中的应用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第2期1卷 53-54页

作者： patel M.R. Meine T.J. Radeva J. 高登峰 Duke Clinical Research Institute Durham NC United States Dr.

Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine whether state mandated continuing medical education (CME) requirements affect the use of evidence base d therapies and outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Back ground The Institute of Medicine recommends that educational programs demonstrat e their effect through process and outcome measures. Methods We analyzed 134,609 patients according to whether or not CME was mandated in the state of physician practice. A hierarchical multivariable model was developed that controlled for state, hospital, physician, and patient level characteristics to determine the a ssociation between state CME requirements and the use of evidence based therapi es. primary outcome measures were admission aspirin use and reperfusion therapy, and discharge aspirin and beta blocker prescription. Thirty day and one year mortality were secondary outcome measures. Results States with and without CME requirements had similar rates of aspirin use at admission and discharge(79.9%v s. 79.4%and 72.5%vs. 72.5%, respectively) and beta blocker prescription at d ischarge (53.6%vs. 55.3%). The rate of reperfusion therapy at admission was si gnificantly higher in states requiring CME(53.1%) compared with states without CME (47.9%)(ppatients admitted in CME requiring s tates were significantly more likely to receive reperfusion therapy, mainly owin g to “patented”thrombolytic therapy(odds ratio 1.15; p=0.016). There was no as sociation between CME requirements and one year mortality. Conclusions State m andated CME had little association with AMI care or outcome, other than an incre ased use of patented thrombolytic therapy. Further research is needed to maximiz e the measurable effect of CME on the use of proven therapies irrespective of wh ether patented or generic medications are involved.

关键词：急性心肌梗死循证治疗医学教育再灌注治疗医学继续教育 β受体阻滞剂年死亡率药物治疗教育方案专利性

1989—2003年间脑损伤预后趋势和神经外科护理效应的观察研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（神经病学分册） 2006年第3期2卷 4-5页

作者： patel H.C. Bouamra O. Woodford M. F.E. Lecky 郭俊 Trauma Audit and Research Network University of Manchester Hope Hospital Salford M6 8HD United Kingdom

Background: Case fatality rates after all types of blunt injury have not improved since 1994 in England and Wales, possibly because not all patients with severe head injury are treated in a neurosurgical centre. Our aims were to investigate the case fatality trends in major trauma patients with and without head injury, and to establish the effect of neurosurgical care on mortality after severe head injury. Methods: We analysed prospectively collected data from the Trauma Audit and Research Network database for patients presenting between 1989 and 2003. Mortality and odds of death adjust ed for case mix were compared for patients with and without head injury, and for those treated in a neurosurgical versus a non-neurosurgical centre. Findings: patients with head injury (n=22 216) had a ten-fold higher mortality and showed less improvement in the adjusted odds of death since 1989 than did patients wit hout head injury (n=154 231). 2305 (33%) of patients with severe head injury (p resenting between 1996 and 2003) were treated only in non-neurosurgical centres ; such treatment was associated with a 26%increase in mortality and a 2.15-fol d increase (95%CI 1.77-2.60) in the odds of death adjusted for case mix compar ed with patients treated at a neurosurgical centre. Interpretation: Since 1989 t rauma system changes in England and Wales have delivered greater benefit to pati ents without head injury. Our data lend support to current guidelines, suggestin g that treatment in a neurosurgical centre represents an important strategy in the management of severe head injury.

关键词：神经外科护理损伤预后脑损伤患者死亡概率钝器伤网络数据库威尔检查和指导方针

贫血对经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后出血并发症和死亡的影响

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(心脏病学分册) 2007年第9期 23-24页

作者： Voeltz M.D. patel A.D. Feit F. S.V. Manoukian 黄欣 Department of Medicine Division of CardiologyEmory University School of Medicine Atlanta GAUnited States

贫血、出血并发症以及与经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(pCI)有关的死亡之间的关系还不清楚。作者回顾了REpLACE-2(比伐卢定用于pCI减少临床事件的随机评估)试验,该研究在急诊或择期pCI患者中将比伐卢

关键词：经皮冠状动脉介入治疗阻断剂肝素糖蛋白 pCI 对抗药蛋白多糖粘蛋白并发症并发病疾病比伐卢定

MRI对肾乏脂性血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的诊断价值：系统综述及荟萃分析

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国际医学放射学杂志 2020年第6期 731-731页

作者：王晓培 M.p.Wilson D.patel M.H.Murad M.D.F.Mc Innes p.Katlariwala G.Low Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging University of Alberta

摘要肾乏脂性血管平滑肌脂肪瘤在影像学上与其他肾脏病变鉴别困难,通常需要通过活检或手术明确诊断。如果MRI的诊断准确性足够高,可替代活检。目的全面回顾性分

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