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Safety and in Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Ficus umbellata (Vahl.) Leaves

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第3期12卷 94-112页

作者： Atchadé pascal Tchogou Steven Amour Pyus Tanguy Vignon Chokki Gbèssohèlè Justin Behanzin Tétédé Rodrigue Christian Konfo Perside Savoeda Félicienne Agbogba Léocardie Akpoli Lamine Baba-Moussa Maximin Senou Alphonse Sezan Experimental and Clinical Biology Unit (UBEC) Biotechnology Research Laboratory Medical and Pharmaceutical (LaRBiMeP) Na-tional School of Biosciences and Biotechnology of Dassa-Zoumé (ENSBBA) National University of Science Technology and Engi-neering of Abomey (UNSTIM) Dassa-Zoumé Benin Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional Medicines (LPMTA) Faculty of Science and Technology (FAST) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin National University of Agriculture (UNA) Schools of Science and Techniques for Preservation and Processing of Agricultural Prod-ucts (ESTCTPA) Sakété Benin Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Toxicity is the totality of adverse effects, which can be functional and morphological lesions in a living organism, caused by a substance introduced in relatively high single doses or in small, repeated doses. The aim of this study was to assess the OECD-recommended acute oral toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaves. Animals were given a single oral dose of 1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/Kg body weight (BW) of the extract. For the anti-inflammatory activity test, rats were given the ethanolic extract of F. umbellata leaves at doses of 100, 300 and 500 mg/Kg or aspirin® at a concentration of 100 mg/Kg PC orally, one hour before injection of 0.05 ml of 1% formalin under the plantar fascia of the rat’s right hind paw. Paw volume measurements were taken one, two and three hours after formalin injection, using an electronic caliper. After 14 days of observation, no deaths were observed in treated rats. The LD50 of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaf powder is greater than 5000 mg/Kg body weight. This extract has no significant effects on hematological parameters and on the main markers of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity for a single dose of less than 5000 mg/Kg PC. It reduces formalin-induced edema. Evaluation of the percentage inhibition showed that the extract had greater anti-inflammatory activity at 3 hours after the start of the experiment. However, better inhibition of inflammatory oedema of the paw of rats treated with 500 mg/Kg was observed at 5 hours after the start of the experiment, with a percentage inhibition of 69.23 ± 1.02, compared with the reference group treated with aspirin® 100 mg/Kg, which showed an inhibition of 63.50 ± 0.98. These results show that F. umbellata leaves possess anti-inflammatory activity, which would justify their use in traditional African medicine to prevent or treat inflammation.

关键词： Ficus umbellata Toxicity Anti-Inflammatory Edema Inflammation

Useful zero friction simulations for assessing MBS codes pascal’s formula giving wheelsets frequency for zero wheel-rail friction

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2022年第3期12卷 145-155页

作者： Jean Pierre pascal pascal Coding Rue d’ErquyPleneuf-Val-Andre F-22370France

Present study provides a simple analytical formula,the“Klingel-like formula”or“pascal’s Formula”that can be used as a reference to test some results of existing railway codes and specifically those using rigid *** develops properly the 3D Newton-Euler equations governing the 6 degrees of freedom(DoF)of unsuspended loaded wheelsets in case of zero wheel-rail friction and constant ***,by solving numerically these equations,we got pendulum like harmonic oscillations of which the calculated angular frequency is used for assessing the accuracy of the proposed formula so that it can in turn be used as a fast practical target for testing multi-body system(MBS)railway *** to the harmonic property of these pendulum-like oscillations,the squareω2 of their angular frequency can be made in the form of a ratio K/M where K depends on the wheelset geometry and load and M on its *** on K and M are useful to understand wheelsets *** analytical formula is derived from the first order writing of full trigonometric Newton-Euler equations by setting zero elastic wheel-rail penetration and by assuming small *** trigonometric equations are numerically solved to assess that the formula providesω2 inside a 1%accuracy for usual wheelsets *** decreasing the conicity down to 1×10^(−4) rad,the relative formula accuracy is under 3×10^(−5).In order to test the formula reliability for rigid contact formulations,the stiffness of elastic contacts can be increased up to practical rigidity(Hertz stiffness×1000).

关键词： Unsuspended wheelsets Klingel formula Rigid contact Harmonic oscillation Multi body system railway codes Code validation

Science——an important lever to tackle sustainability in the specialty chemical industry

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National Science Review 2023年第9期10卷 19-20页

作者： Wen-Juan Zhou pascal Metivier Efficient Products and Processes Laboratory(E2P2L) UMI 3464 CNRS-Solvay Research & Innovation Solvay SA

Carbon neutrality by the mid-twenty-first century is essential in order to limit global warming to≤1.5℃,which is also laid down in the Paris Agreement signed by 196 countries including China,the European Union and the USA,etc.[1].The chemical industry is crucial to building a sustainable global economy to contribute to carbon neutrality.

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A New Method for Measurement of Helium Mass Flow Rate in the Cryogenic System of TORE SUPRA

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Plasma Science and Technology 2005年第3期7卷 2825-2827页

作者：欧阳峥嵘 pascal Reynaud Institute of Plasma Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China Centre d'Etude de Cadarache Association EURATOM-CEA sur la fusion Département de Recherches sur la Fusion Contr(o|^)lée 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance France

The TORE SUPRA Tokamak was built by EURATOM-CEA association. The NbTi conductor of superconducting coils is inserted in a tight enclosure filled with pressurized superfluid helium of 0.125 MPa at 1.8 K. The thick casing is cooled to 4.5 K by 1.8 MPa in 4.5 K supercritical helium circulation. Around this thick casing, a 80 K thermal shield protects the parts at very low temperatures from the thermal radiation, which is cooled by pressurized helium at 80 K and 1.8 MPa. A new measurement method for helium mass flow rate of 80 K shield and 4.5 K casing is described in this paper. The commissioning was done on the two helium loops of the cryoplant: the supercritical 4.5 K thick casing and 80 K shields. The purpose is to improve control of the 4.5 K and 80 K refrigeration loops.

关键词： mass flow rate valve measurement helium

An Example Using Improved Lefschetz Duality

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第6期38卷 1269-1274页

作者： pascal LAMBRECHTS Jeremy LANE Donald STANLEY pascal Lambrechts Institut Mathmatique Universit de Louvain Department of Mathemtics University of Toronto Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Regina

A theorem of Lambrechts and Stanley is used to find the rational cohomology of the complement of an embedding S^(4n-1)→ S^(2n)× S^m as a module and demonstrate that it is not necessarily determined by the map induced on cohomology by the embedding, nor is it a trivial extension. This demonstrates that the theorem is an improvement on the classical Lefschetz duality.

关键词： Lefschetz duality Embedding Extension problem

Lagrangian Submanifolds Foliated by(n-1)-spheres in R^(2n)

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第4期22卷 1197-1214页

作者： Henri ANCIAUX Ildefonso CASTRO pascal ROMON PUC-RioDepartamento de Matemática Rua Marques de Sao Vicente225-GáveaRio de Janeiro-Brazil-CEP 22453-900 Departamento de Matemáticas Universidad de Jaén23071 JaénSpain Université de Marne-la-Vallée 5 bd DescartesChamps-sur-Marne77454 Marne-la- Vallée cedex 2France

We study Lagrangian submanifolds foliated by （n - 1）-spheres in R^2n for n ≥ 3. We give a general parametrization for such submanifolds, and refine that description when the submanifold is special Lagrangian, self-similar, Hamiltonian stationary or has mean curvature vector of constant length. In all these cases, the submanifold is centered, i.e. invariant under the action of SO（n）. It suffices then to solve a simple ODE in two variables to describe the geometry of the solutions.

关键词： Lagrangian submanifold special Lagrangian self-similar Hamiltonian stationary

Dynamic impact protective body armour:A comprehensive appraisal on panel engineering design and its prospective materials

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2021年第6期17卷 2027-2049页

作者： Mulat Alubel Abtew François Boussu pascal Bruniaux Universite of Lille ENSAITGEMTEX Lab2 Allee Louise et Victor Champier59056RoubaixFrance Bahir Dar University Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion TechnologyBahir DarEthiopia

Personal body armour is one of the most important pieces of equipment to protect human beings from various critical and fatal *** today’s modern world,various organizations including law enforcement and security service have made it mandatory for their personnel to wear personal protection system while on field ***,the systems should comprise an improved ballistic performance,light-weighted,flexible as well as comfortable panel not only to be accepted with a wider range but also for effective performances of the ***,the overall performances of the protective body armour could be affected by various parameters including armour design techniques,type of materials used and finishing of the *** current paper aims to critically review state-of-art for armour panel design techniques and the different perspective body armour *** paper starts by discussing the different body armour and its ***,the different states of technology for armour panel design(mostly for women),its problems and the possible solutions will be ***,the commonly used different polymeric fibrous and the future possible advanced materials including carbon nanotube(CNT),Graphene CNT and shear thickening fluids(STFs)treated materials for developing the reinforced body armour panel will be *** authors believe that this paper will enlighten useful guidelines and procedures about the different panel design techniques and current and promising future materials for researchers,designers,engineers and manufacturers working on the impact resistance body armour field.

关键词： Body armour panel design Ballistic impact behaviours Nanocomposites Shear thickening fluids(STFs) Military

Edge effects on plant diversity in tropical forest ecosystems at Periyar Wildlife sanctuary in the Western Ghats of India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 403-418页

作者： Somaiah Sundarapandian pascal J. Karoor Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences School of Life Sciences Pondicherry UniversityPuducherry India

Forest resource conservation has been widely accepted as a key to sustain the local and regional economic development. The forest edges are affected by anthropogenic activities including deforestation, forest fragmentation, selective logging, extraction of non-timber forest products, collection of medicinal plants, recreations, hydroelectric pro- jects and its associated developmental activities, which alter the biodiver- sity. The present study intends to evaluate the edge effect on vegetation structure and species compositions in the tropical forest ecosystems at Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary in the Western Ghats. High species richness （number of species） and Shannon＇s diversity indices were observed in the site IlI （completely undisturbed forest） compared to site I （adjacent to the village/edge of the forest, which is next to the teal（ plantation, severely disturbed forest） and site II （in between the undisturbed forest and mod- erately disturbed forest） while density of tree species showed greater value in site II. Single species such as Tectona grandis （IVI of 80） and Terminaliapaniculata （IVI of 112） were the dominant tree species in site I and site II, respectively, whereas, in site III Terminalia bellirica, Bishofia javanica and Syzgium gardneri shared the dominance. Perturba- tion leads to alien plant invasion particularly Lantana camara, Eupato- rium odoratum and Ageratum conizoides. Site II is at forest transition level because the site is dominated by both natural species as well as plantation species such as Tectona grandis. This site seems to be a buffer zone on natural forest and plantations. Further studies are required to analyse the real patterns of regeneration and dynamic change due to human impact by long term monitoring with the establishment of perma- nent plots.

关键词： anthropogenic disturbance biodiversity edge effect tropi-cal forest Western Ghats

Protein-Repairing Methionine Sulfoxide Reductases in Photosynthetic Organisms： Gene Organization, Reduction Mechanisms, and Physiological Roles

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Molecular Plant 2009年第2期2卷 202-217页

作者： Lionel Tarrago Edith Laugier pascal Rey CEA DSV IBEB Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moleculaire des Plantes B~timent 161 SBVME CEA-Cadarache 13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance Cedex France

Methionine oxidation to methionine sulfoxide （MetSO） is reversed by two types of methionine sulfoxide reducrases （MSRs）, A and B, specific to the S- and R-diastereomers of MetSO, respectively. MSR genes are found in most organisms from bacteria to human. In the current review, we first compare the organization of the MSR gene families in photosynthetic organisms from cyanobacteria to higher plants. The analysis reveals that MSRs constitute complex families in higher plants, bryophytes, and algae compared to cyanobacteria and all non-photosynthetic organisms. We also perform a classification, based on gene number and structure, position of redox-active cysteines and predicted sub-cellular localization. The various catalytic mechanisms and potential physiological electron donors involved in the regeneration of MSR activity are then de- scribed. Data available from higher plants reveal that MSRs fulfill an essential physiological function during environmental constraints through a role in protein repair and in protection against oxidative damage. Taking into consideration the ex- pression patterns of MSR genes in plants and the known roles of these genes in non-photosynthetic cells, other functions of MSRs are discussed during specific developmental stages and ageing in photosynthetic organisms.

关键词： Genome methionine methionine sulfoxide reductase oxidation photosynthetic organisms protein repair.