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Modelling of Electrical Conductivity of a Silver Plasma at Low Temperature

Plasma Science and Technology 2016年第8期18卷 812-820页

作者： pascal andre William BUSSIERE Alain COULBOIS Jean-Louis GELET David ROCHETTE Université Clermont Auvergne LAEPT MERSEN 15 rue Jacques de Vaucanson

During the working of electrical fuses, inside the fuse element the silver ribbon first begins to melt, to vaporize and then a fuse arc appears between the two separated parts of the element. Second, the electrodes are struck and the burn-back phenomenon takes place. Usually, the silver ribbon is enclosed inside a cavity filled with silica sand. During the vaporization of the fuse element, one can consider that the volume is fixed so that the pressure increase appears to reach pressures higher than atmospheric pressure. Thus, in this paper two pressures, 1 atm and 10 atm, are considered. The electrical field inside the plasma can reach high values since the distance between the cathode surface and the anode surface varies with time. That is to say from zero cm to one cm order. So we consider various electrical fields： 102 V/m, 103 V/m, 5×103 V/m, 104 V/m at atmospheric pressure and 105 V/m at a pressure of 10 atm. This study is made in heavy species temperature range from 2,400 K to 10,000 K. To study the plasma created inside the electric fuse, we first need to determine some characteristics in order to justify some hypotheses. That is to say： are the classical approximations of the thermal plasmas physics justified？ In other words： plasma frequency, the ideality of the plasma, the Debye-Hückel approximation and the drift velocity versus thermal velocity. These characteristics and assumptions are discussed and commented on in this paper. Then, an evaluation of non-thermal equilibrium versus considered electrical fields is given. Finally, considering the high mobility of electrons, we evaluate the electrical conductivities.

关键词： electrical conductivity silver fuses non-ideal plasma Debye-Hiickelapproximation drift velocity thermal velocity thermal non-equilibrium electrical fields

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Effect of bariatric surgery on adiposity and metabolic profiles: A prospective cohort study in Middle-Eastern patients

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第7期8卷 374-380页

作者： Mohsen Mazidi Peyman Rezaie Ali Jangjoo Alireza Tavassoli Mohammad Taghi Rajabi andre pascal Kengne Mohsen Nematy Key State Laboratory of Molecular Develo-pmental Biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology International College University of Chinese Academy of Science Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center School of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Science Department of Surgery Ghaem Hospital Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Non--Communicable Disease Research Unit South African Medical Research Council and University of Cape Town

AIM To investigate changes in adiposity and cardio-metabolic risk profile following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients of Middle Eastern ethnicity with severe *** This prospective cohort study involved 92 patients who met the indications of bariatric surgery. Post-procedure markers of obesity and cardiometabolic profile were monitored regularly for a *** Mean body mass index decreased by 29.5% from 41.9 to 29.5 kg/m^2 between baseline and 12-mo follow-up, while mean fat mass decreased by 45.9% from 64.2 kg to 34.7 kg. An improvement was also observed in the glucometabolic profile with both fasting glucose and HbA 1csubstantially decreasing(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION The present study shows the short to medium term(1 year) health benefits of bariatric surgery for patients of Middle Eastern ethnicity.

关键词： Bariatric surgery Anthropometric indices Metabolic profile Cardiometabolic risk

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Pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes:Implications of inflammation and oxidative stress

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第3期14卷 130-146页

作者： Phiwayinkosi V Dludla Sihle E Mabhida Khanyisani Ziqubu Bongani B Nkambule Sithandiwe E Mazibuko-Mbeje Sidney Hanser Albert Kotze Basson Carmen Pheiffer andre pascal Kengne Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform South African Medical Research CouncilCape Town 7505South Africa Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology University of ZululandKwaDlangezwa 3880South Africa Department of Biochemistry North-West UniversityMmabatho 2745South Africa School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 4000South Africa Department of Physiology and Environmental Health University of LimpopoSovenga 0727South Africa Department of Medicine University of Cape TownCape Town 7500South Africa Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit South African Medical Research CouncilTygerberg 7505South Africa

Insulin resistance and pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction are major pathological mechanisms implicated in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes(T2D).Beyond the detrimental effects of insulin resistance,inflammation and oxidative stress have emerged as critical features of T2D that defineβ-cell *** markers of inflammation such as C-reactive protein,tumor necrosis factor alpha,and interleukin-1βare consistently associated withβ-cell failure in preclinical models and in people with ***,important markers of oxidative stress,such as increased reactive oxygen species and depleted intracellular antioxidants,are consistent with pancreaticβ-cell damage in conditions of *** effects illustrate a pathological relationship between an abnormal inflammatory response and generation of oxidative stress during the progression of *** current review explores preclinical and clinical research on the pathological implications of inflammation and oxidative stress during the development ofβ-cell dysfunction in ***,important molecular mechanisms and relevant biomarkers involved in this process are discussed to divulge a pathological link between inflammation and oxidative stress duringβ-cell failure in *** the clinical relevance of the review,a systematic analysis of evidence from randomized controlled trials is covered,on the potential therapeutic effects of some commonly used antidiabetic agents in modulating inflammatory makers to improveβ-cell function.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Insulin resistance β-cell dysfunction Inflammation Oxidative stress

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Long-COVID-19: the persisting imprint of SARS-CoV-2 infections on the innate immune system

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 12-13页

作者： Marianne Boes pascal Falter-Braun Center for Translational Immunology and Department of Pediatric Immunology University Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands Institute of Network Biology(INET) Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center(MTTC)Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany Microbe-Host Interactions Faculty of BiologyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenPlanegg-MartinsriedGermany

In a recent Cell publication,Cheong et *** how COVID-19 causes IL-6 induced epigenetic reprogramming of human immune stem cells,which causes lasting alterations in the composition and response characteristics of circulating immune cells.1 The study provides important insights into the mechanisms by which SARSCoV-2 infections impact the human immune system and is an important hook into unraveling the mechanisms of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19(PASC)commonly referred to as longCOVID.

关键词： system COV programming

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On-the-fly precision spectroscopy with a dual-modulated tunable diode laser and Hz-level referencing to a cavity

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第4期6卷 36-44页

作者： Shuangyou Zhang Toby Bi pascal Del’Haye Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light ErlangenGermany Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Department of PhysicsErlangenGermany

Advances in laser spectroscopy have enabled many scientific breakthroughs in physics,chemistry,biology,and *** frequency combs pushed measurement limits with ultrahigh-frequency accuracy and fast-measurement speed,while tunable-diode-laser spectroscopy is used in scenarios that require high power and continuous spectral *** these advantages of tunable-diode-laser spectroscopy,it is challenging to precisely determine the instantaneous laser frequency because of fluctuations in the scan ***,we demonstrate a simple spectroscopy scheme with a frequencymodulated diode laser that references the laser on-the-fly to a fiber *** fiber cavity's free spectral range is on-the-fly calibrated with sub-10-Hz frequency *** achieve a relative precision of the laser frequency of 2×10^(-8)for an 11-THz frequency range at a measurement speed of 1 THz∕*** is an improvement of more than 2 orders of magnitude compared to existing diode-laser-spectroscopy *** scheme provides precise frequency calibration markers,while simultaneously tracking the instantaneous scan speed of the *** demonstrate the versatility of our method through various applications,including dispersion measurement of a fiber,ultrahigh-Q microresonators,and spectroscopy of a hydrogen fluoride gas *** simplicity,robustness,and low cost of this spectroscopy scheme are valuable for out-of-the-lab applications like lidar and environmental monitoring.

关键词： tunable laser spectroscopy radio-frequency modulation integrated photonics gas spectroscopy frequency comb

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TRADE DEPENDENCIES AND TRANSACTION COSTS: THE OC-CUPATION OF DECELEA HIGHLIGHTS BOTH THE BENEFITS AND THE DRAWBACKS OF A MARITIME ECONOMY

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Journal of Ancient Civilizations 2024年第1期39卷 29-50,123页

作者： pascal Warnking Trier University and LEIZA

Thucydides asserts that the occupation of Decelea by the Spartans in 413 BC made the grain supply for Athens costly by forcing the transport from land onto the *** calls into question the well-established consensus that sea transport was far cheaper than land *** paper contends that the cost of protecting supply lines-specifically the expenses associated with the warships which escorted the supply ships-rendered the grain transported on the new route exceptionally *** this paper,the benefits and drawbacks of a maritime economy,including transaction costs,trade dependencies,and the capabilities of warships and supply ships are discussed.

关键词： convoy Decelea maritime dependencies maritime economy sea routes shipping costs transaction costs

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An inverse method for characterization of dynamic response of 2D structures under stochastic conditions

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第3期37卷 440-455页

作者： Xuefeng LI Abdelmalek ZINE Mohamed ICHCHOU Noureddine BOUHADDI pascal FOSSAT Laboratory of Tribology and Systems Dynamic Central School of LyonEcully 69134France Institut Camille Jordan Central School of LyonEcully 69134France Department of Applied Mechanics University of Burgundy Franche-ComtéBesancon 25000France

The reliable estimation of the wavenumber space(k-space)of the plates remains a longterm concern for acoustic modeling and structural dynamic behavior *** current analyses of wavenumber identification methods are based on the deterministic *** this end,an inverse method is proposed for identifying wave propagation characteristics of twodimensional structures under stochastic conditions,such as wavenumber space,dispersion curves,and band *** proposed method is developed based on an algebraic identification scheme in the polar coordinate system framework,thus named Algebraic K-Space Identification(AKSI)***,a model order estimation strategy and a wavenumber filter are proposed to ensure that AKSI is successfully *** main benefit of AKSI is that it is a reliable and fast method under four stochastic conditions:(A)High level of signal noise;(B)Small perturbation caused by uncertainties in measurement points’coordinates;(C)Non-periodic sampling;(D)Unknown structural *** validate the proposed method,we numerically benchmark AKSI and three other inverse methods to extract dispersion curves on three plates under stochastic *** experiment is then performed on an isotropic steel *** investigations demonstrate that AKSI is a good in-situ k-space estimator under stochastic conditions.

关键词： Inverse method Dispersion relation Wavenumber space Periodic plates Stochastic conditions Wave propagation characterization

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Modelling of the variation of granular base materials resilient modulus with material characteristics and humidity conditions

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第1期4卷 27-35页

作者： Jean-pascal Bilodeau Erdrick Leandro Perez-Gonzalez Ali Saeidi Departement de Genie Civil et Genie des Eaux Universite LavalQuebecG1V 0A6Canada Departement des Sciences Appliquees Universite du Quebeca ChicoutimiChicoutimiG7H 2B1Canada

This study aims to quantify the susceptibility of granular materials used in pavements to changes in moisture content and propose a correlation model to incorporate this susceptibility into seasonal *** fines content and the percentage of fractured coarse aggregates were identified as direct indicators of the resilient modulus susceptibility to changes in water *** results showed that the percentage of fractured coarse aggregates particles(FR)has a more significant impact on the resilient modulus(Er)of crushed granular materials used in pavement construction than the combined indicator of the fines content and sample volumetrics(nf).Crushed granular materials with a higher percentage of fractured coarse aggregates are relatively insensitive to changes in the degree of saturation,but become more sensitive as the fine fraction porosity *** adjusted model was proposed based on the existing formulation,but considers a complex parameter to describe and adjust the sensitivity of base granular materials to variations in moisture content with respect to fabrication charac-teristics,fines content and volumetric *** model shows that the variation of Er values is below10%for fully crushed granular ***,it reaches approximately±12%for materials with 75%of crushed coarse aggregates andþ40%and-25%for materials with FR=50%.This model could help select good ag-gregates characteristics and adjust grain-size distribution for environments where significant moisture content variations can occur in the pavement system,such as in the Province of Quebec(Canada).As it is based on pa-rameters that can be easily determined or estimated,it also represents a valuable tool for detailed design and analysis that can consider material characteristics.

关键词： Resilient modulus Degree of saturation Humidity conditions Unbound granular materials Pavement base

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Intermediate Hip Arthroplasty in Gabon: Blood Loss and Risk Factor for Transfusion

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第4期14卷 109-117页

作者： Ghislain Edjo Nkilly pascal Christian Nze Obiang Raphael Okoue Ondo Arthur Matsanga Stéphane Oliveira Léandre Nguiabanda Jean-Marcel Mandji-Lawson Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital (HIAOBO) Libreville Gabon Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Jeanne Ebori Fondation Libreville Gabon Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Owendo University Hospital (CHUO) Libreville Gabon Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Akanda Army Training Hospital Libreville Gabon Orthopedic Surgery Service Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital (HIAOBO) Libreville Gabon

Background: Hip arthroplasty is a surgery with a high risk of bleeding. The main objective of this study was to research risk factors for bleeding and transfusion in patients undergoing hip hemiarthroplasty in Gabon. Method: It was a retrospective, monocentric, descriptive and analytical study carried out from June 2011 to June 2021 at the Omar Bongo Ondimba army training hospital. The variables studied were demographic characteristics, biological variables, transfusion and intraoperative data. The primary outcome was intraoperative transfusion. A univariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with the occurrence of a transfusion. Results: Of the 97 patients included, the average age was 74.2 years ± 10, male predominance was 73.2%, the average ASA score was 1.9 ± 0.5, and transfusion incidence was 38.1%. The average number of RBCs transfused was 1.2 ± 0.6. Tranexamic acid was used in 11.3% of patients. The average bleeding was 450 ± 453 ml. Preoperative anemia was predictor of transfusion to be significant. Conclusion: The incidence of transfusion is law compared to total hip arthroplasty. The implementation of a patient blood management protocol is difficult given the urgency of bone repair. However, a better use of tranexamic acid could reduce this transfusion incidence.

关键词： Hip Arthroplasty Risk Factors Patients Hemiarthroplasty Gabon

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Defense and senescence interplay in legume nodules

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Plant Communications 2024年第4期5卷 112-126页

作者： Fathi Berrabah Farouk Benaceur Chaoyan Yin Dawei Xin Ke´vin Magne Marie Garmier Veronique Gruber pascal Ratet Faculty of Sciences University Amar Telidji03000 LaghouatAlgeria Research Unit of Medicinal Plants(RUMP) National Center of Biotechnology ResearchCRBt25000 ConstantineAlgeria Universite´Paris-Saclay CNRSINRAEUniversity of EvryInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay(IPS2)91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance Universite´Paris Cite´ Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay(IPS2)91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Ministry of Education College of AgricultureNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China These authors contributed equally to this article.

Immunity and senescence play a crucial role in the functioning of the legume symbiotic *** miss-regulation of one of these processes compromises the symbiosis leading to death of the endosymbiont and the arrest of the nodule *** relationship between immunity and senescence has been exten-sively studied in plant organs where a synergistic response can be ***,the interplay be-tween immunity and senescence in the symbiotic organ is poorly discussed in the literature and these phe-nomena are often mixed *** studies revealed that the cooperation between immunity and senescence is not always observed in the nodule,suggesting complex interactions between these two pro-cesses within the symbiotic ***,we discuss recent results on the interplay between immunity and senescence in the nodule and the specificities of this relationship during legume-rhizobium symbiosis.

关键词： immunity senescence symbiosis nodules legumes rhizobia

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