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Design optimization of first wall and breeder unit module size for the Indian HCCB blanket module

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第6期20卷 200-210页

作者： Deepak SHARMA paritosh chaudhuri Institute for Plasma Research Bhat Gandhinagar Gujarat-382428 India

The Indian test blanket module（TBM） program in ITER is one of the major steps in the Indian fusion reactor program for carrying out the R＆D activities in the critical areas like design of tritium breeding blankets relevant to future Indian fusion devices（ITER relevant and DEMO）.The Indian Lead–Lithium Cooled Ceramic Breeder（LLCB） blanket concept is one of the Indian DEMO relevant TBM,to be tested in ITER as a part of the TBM ***-Cooled Ceramic Breeder（HCCB） is an alternative blanket concept that consists of lithium titanate（Li_2TiO_3） as ceramic breeder（CB） material in the form of packed pebble beds and beryllium as the neutron ***,attentions are given to the optimization of first wall coolant channel design and size of breeder unit module considering coolant pressure and thermal loads for the proposed Indian HCCB blanket based on ITER relevant TBM and loading *** analyses will help proceeding further in designing blankets for loads relevant to the future fusion device.

关键词： first wall blanket breeder unit thermal hydraulics structural analysis HCCB(helium-cooled ceramic breeder)

Comparative studies for two different orientations of pebble bed in an HCCB blanket

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Plasma Science and Technology 2017年第12期19卷 146-153页

作者： paritosh chaudhuri Chandan DANANI E RAJENDRAKUMAR Institute for Plasma Research BhatGandhinagar-382 428India

The Indian Test Blanket Module（TBM） program in ITER is one of the major steps in its fusion reactor program towards DEMO and the future fusion power reactor vision. Research and development（RD） is focused on two types of breeding blanket concepts： lead–lithium ceramic breeder（LLCB） and helium-cooled ceramic breeder（HCCB） blanket systems for the DEMO reactor. As part of the ITER-TBM program, the LLCB concept will be tested in one-half of ITER port no. 2, whose materials and technologies will be tested during ITER operation. The HCCB concept is a variant of the solid breeder blanket, which is presently part of our domestic RD program for DEMO relevant technology development. In the HCCB concept Li_2TiO_3 and beryllium are used as the tritium breeder and neutron multiplier, respectively, in the form of a packed bed having edge-on configuration with reduced activation ferritic martensitic steel as the structural material. In this paper two design schemes, mainly two different orientations of pebble beds, are discussed. In the current concept（case-1）, the ceramic breeder beds are kept horizontal in the toroidal–radial direction. Due to gravity, the pebbles may settle down at the bottom and create a finite gap between the pebbles and the top cooling plate, which will affect the heat transfer between them. In the alternate design concept（case-2）, the pebble bed is vertically（poloidal–radial） orientated where the side plates act as cooling plates instead of top and bottom plates. These two design variants are analyzed analytically and 2 D thermal-hydraulic simulation studies are carried out with ANSYS, using the heat loads obtained from neutronic *** on the analysis the performance is compared and details of the thermal and radiative heat transfer studies are also discussed in this paper.

关键词： fusion reactor test blanket module HCCB thermal radiation heat transfer

Effect of Li^(+)ion mobility on the grain boundary conductivity of Li_(2)TiO_(3) nanoceramics

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2014年第2期3卷 98-108页

作者： Umasankar DASH Subhanarayan SAHOO S.K.S.PARASHAR paritosh chaudhuri School of Applied Sciences KIIT University Bhubaneswar-751024India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Trident Academy of TechnologyBhubaneswar-751024India Institute for Plasma Research BhatGandhinagarGujurat-382428India

Lithium titanate(Li_(2)TiO_(3))is one of the most promising candidates among the tritium breeding materials because of its good tritium release *** concentration has much significance on the diffusivity of tritium in the *** nanocrystalline single-phase Li_(2)TiO_(3) with monoclinic structure has been prepared by high energy ball milling followed by calcination at 700℃for 2 *** field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)studies confirmed uniform distribution of nanocrystalline phase with particle size below 100 *** study of the Li^(+)ion diffusion on the sintered sample was investigated by means of electrical conductivity *** properties of the samples were studied in wide temperature(50-500℃)and frequency(100 Hz-1 MHz)*** complex impedance spectroscopy(CIS)studies showed the presence of both bulk and grain boundary effects in nanocrystalline Li_(2)TiO_(3).The bulk resistance of the samples has been observed to decrease with rise in temperature showing a typical negative temperature coefficient of resistance(NTCR)*** low activation energies of the samples suggested the presence of singly ionized oxygen vacancies in the conduction *** hopping frequency shifted toward higher frequency with increase in *** energy of 0.86 eV was calculated from AC conductivity.

关键词： high energy ball milling AC conductivity impedance spectroscopy nanocrystalline

Electrical properties of bulk and nano Li_(2)TiO_(3) ceramics:A comparative study

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2014年第2期3卷 89-97页

作者： Umasankar DASH Subhanarayan SAHOO paritosh chaudhuri S.K.S.PARASHAR Kajal PARASHAR School of Applied Sciences KIIT UniversityBhubaneswar-751024India Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Trident Academy of TechnologyBhubaneswar-751024India Institute for Plasma Research BhatGandhinagar-382428India

Nanocrystalline and bulk Li_(2)TiO_(3) having monoclinic structure were prepared by mechanical alloying as well as conventional ceramic *** impedance analysis in the frequency range of 100 Hz-1 MHz over a wide range of temperature(50-500℃)indicates the presence of grain boundary effect along with the bulk *** frequency-dependent conductivity plots exhibit power law dependence,suggesting three types of conduction in the material:low-frequency(100 Hz-1 kHz)conductivity showing long-range translational motion of electrons(frequency independent),mid-frequency(1-10 kHz)conductivity showing short-range hopping of charge carriers and high-frequency(10 kHz-1 MHz)conductivity showing conduction due to localized orientation of hopping *** electrical conductivity measurement of nanocrystalline and bulk Li_(2)TiO_(3) with temperature shows the negative temperature coefficient of resistance(NTCR)*** activation energy(0.77 eV for nano sample and 0.88 eV for bulk sample)study shows the conduction mechanism in both *** low activation energies of the samples suggest the presence of singly ionized oxygen vacancies in the conduction process.

关键词： nanocrystalline complex impedance spectroscopy(CIS) AC conductivity X-ray diffraction(XRD)

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as a possible intervention to delay the onset of type 1 diabetes:A new horizon

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 133-136页

作者： Mahmoud Nassar Ajay chaudhuri Husam Ghanim Paresh Dandona Department of Internal Medicine Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes and MetabolismJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14221United States

Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is a chronic autoimmune condition that destroys insulinproducing beta cells in the pancreas,leading to insulin deficiency and *** management of T1D primarily focuses on exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose ***,this approach does not address the underlying autoimmune process or prevent the progressive loss of beta *** research has explored the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)as a novel intervention to modify the disease course and delay the onset of ***-1RAs are medications initially developed for treating type 2 *** exert their effects by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion,suppressing glucagon secretion,and slowing gastric *** evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs may also benefit the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with *** article aims to highlight the potential of GLP-1RAs as an intervention to delay the onset of T1D,possibly through their potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and preservation of *** article aims to explore the potential of shifting the paradigm of T1D management from reactive insulin replacement to proactive disease modification,which should open new avenues for preventing and treating T1D,improving the quality of life and long-term outcomes for individuals at risk of T1D.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Semaglutide Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Insulin therapy Autoimmune response Blood glucose monitoring Β-cell preservation Early screening Teplizumab Randomized controlled trials

Dynamic analysis of buried pipeline with and without barrier system subjected to underground detonation

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第11期29卷 95-105页

作者： Chaidul Haque chaudhuri Deepankar Choudhury Department of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology BombayMumbai400076India

Failure of pipe networks due to blast loads resulting from terrorist attacks or construction facilities, may cause economic loss, environmental pollution, source of firing or even it may lead to a disaster. The present work develops a closed-form solution of buried pipe with barrier system subjected to subsurface detonation. The solution is derived based on the concept of double-beam system. Euler Bernoulli's beams are used to simulate the buried pipe and the barrier system. Soil is idealized as viscoelastic foundation along with shear interaction between discrete Winkler springs(advanced soil model). The finite SineFourier transform is employed to solve the coupled partial differential equations. The solution is validated with past studies. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the influence of TNT charge weight, pipe material, damping ratio and TNT offset on the response of buried pipe with and without barrier system. Further a statistical analysis is carried out to get the significant soil and pipe input parameters. It is perceived that peak pipe displacements for both the cases(with and without barrier) are increases with increasing the weight of TNT charge and decreases with increasing the damping ratio and TNT offset. The deformation of pipe also varies with pipe material. Pipe safety against blast loads can be ensured by providing suitable barrier layer. The present study can be utilized in preliminary design stage as an alternative to expensive numerical analysis or field study.

关键词： Buried pipeline Subsurface detonation Analytical solution Viscoelastic foundation Protective barrier

Empirical approaches in prediction of reservoir sediment distribution——An experience of 57 reservoirs in the USA and India

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2017年第2期32卷 260-276页

作者： Dipankar chaudhuri DVC

An accurate prediction of sediment distribution may minimize economic losses through proper and timely planning of the functional activities of a *** study assesses different temporal and spatial factors that affect for sediment deposition in a reservoir and its *** study also focuses on evaluation of two popular distribution prediction methodologies,Area Increment and Empirical Area Reduction,based on experience with sediment distribution in 57 reservoirs in the USA and India.A non-iterative processed empirical distribution model(NPEDM) and a linear regression trend model(LRTM) are proposed to predict sediment *** contributing area and inflow entering a reservoir are found to be the most significant factors affecting in reservoir sediment *** to the Empirical Area Reduction method,the Area Increment method provided better *** reservoir classification approach and empirical design distribution type curves given by Borland and Miller(1960) are found to be *** factor values for different periods indicate that reservoir shape(type) changes with ***,long term prediction is not desirable in Type-Ⅱ & Ⅲ reservoirs using the Empirical Area Reduction *** developed the NPEDM shows reasonably good prediction of sediment *** NPEDM is very easy to apply and can be used in any reservoir of any *** of the trend of sediment distribution obtained from the LRTM indicates an accurate short term prediction in a few reservoirs as causes of temporal and spatial variations of sediment distribution including the factors of uncertainties of sediment deposition are implicit within the methodology.

关键词： Deposition factors Temporal and spatial variations Trend projection Model performance Type curve Relative depth

Stem Cell Niche,the Microenvironment and Immunological Crosstalk

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2008年第2期5卷 107-112页

作者： Law Sujata S.chaudhuri Stem Cell Research and Application Unit Department of Biochemistry and Medical BiotechnologySchool of Tropical MedicineC R AvenueKolkata 700073India

The concept of stem cells, their physiological existence, the intricate anatomical localization, the known and the unknown functions, and their exclusive utility for the purpose of regenerative medicine, are all now encompassed within an emergent question, ＇how compatible these cells are immunologically？＇ Indeed, the medical aspects of stem cells are dependent on a large number of queries based on the basic properties of the cells. It has greatly been emphasized to probe into the basic research on stem cells before any successful therapeutic attempts are made. One of the intricate aspects of the adult stem cells is its immunological behavior in relation to the microenvironmental associates, the stromal cells in the presence of a suitable target. Cellular ＆ Molecular Immunology.

关键词： stem cell niche stromal immunology

DEM modeling of high shear wet granulation of a simple system

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2018年第3期13卷 220-228页

作者： Saurabh Sarkar Bodhisattwa chaudhuri Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Connecticut Institute of Material Sciences University of Connecticut

High shear wet granulation(HSWG) is one of the most poorly understood processes with known difficulties in optimization and scale up. The purpose of the current study is to develop a DEM model which can be applied under dynamic process conditions with high predictive capacity to improve process insight. The DEM model is used to predict agglomeration as a function of impeller speed and liquid addition rate in a high shear wet granulator. The DEM model tracks dynamic formation and breakage of liquid bridges between particles as liquid binder in the system is added, and corrects for the change in material properties as a function of the binder content.

关键词： High shear wet granulation Discrete element method Capillary bridge model