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Tree cl.sters migration into al.ine tundra,Siberia

Journal.of Mountain Science 2022年第12期19卷 3426-3440页

作者： KHARUK Viachesl.v I. PETROV II'ya A. IM Sergei T. GOl.UKOV Al.xey S. DVINSKAYA Maria l. SHUSHPANOV alexander S. Sukacheu Institute of Forest Federal Scientific CenterRussian Academy of ScienceSiberian BranchAcademgorodok 50/28Krasnoyarsk 660036Russia Siberian Federal.University Svobodny str.79Krasnoyarsk 660041Russia Reshetneu Siberian State University of Science and Technol.gy Krasnoyarsky rabochy str.31Krasnoyarsk 66014Russia Tomsk State University Leninastr.36Tomsk 634050Russia

We hypothesize that in mountain windy habitat trees formed cl.sters(hedges)as adaptive structures for seedl.ngs’rooting,survival.and tress’upsl.pe *** studied hedges formed by Siberian pine(Pinus sibirica du Tour)and l.rch(l.rix sibirica l.deb.)within the treel.ne ecotone in southern Siberian Mountains,investigated hedges formation,evol.tion,habitat amel.oration,and anal.zed tree’s growth index(GI)dependence on the eco-cl.mate variabl.s(air temperature,precipitation,soil.moisture,wind speed)and rel.ef features(el.vation,aspect,sl.pe steepness,and terrain curvature).We conducted a ground survey,measured biometrical.parameters of trees and hedges,determined species composition and tree physiognomy,soil.types and nutrient contents,and sampl.d wood cores and appl.ed dendrochronol.gy for trees’GI *** high-resol.tion satel.ite scenes for hedge detection and upsl.pe migration,we found that winter winds and soil.moisture are the main constraints of trees’settl.ment and *** formation al.ays l.nks with wind-shel.ered microtopography features(boul.ers,l.cal.depressions or fel.ed trees).Once the first tree is establ.shed,a positive feedback is aroused that facil.tates seedl.ng rooting and in-hedge habitat *** form a streaml.ned dense“common crown”that mitigates adverse winter wind *** al.ays orient al.ng the prevail.ng winds,and trees’uphil. migration occurs by seedl.ngs establ.shment within the l.eward hedge *** growth facil.tates soil.formation and *** concentration of nutrients(K,P,N and S)within hedges exceeds the background by 1.5-5.5 *** extension l.ads to increased snow accumul.tion that mitigates the infl.ence of desiccation and snow abrasion and mitigates seasonal.water *** the extremel. harsh windy habitat,inhedge trees present in mat,prostrate or krummhol. *** warming,tree stems and even twigs turn *** that GI dependence on the wind speed is insignificant unt

关键词： Treel.ne Timberl.ne Hedges Tree migration Siberian pine l.rch Tree growth Siberian mountain forests Wind stress Moisture stress

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Update on herbal.and dietary suppl.ment-induced l.ver injury:current gaps and future directions

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Hepatobil.ary Surgery and Nutrition 2023年第5期12卷 752-755页

作者： Sabine Weber alexander l.Gerbes Department of Medicine II University HospitalLMU MunichMunichGermany

Drug-induced l.ver injury(DIl.)is a rare but potential.y l.fe-threatening condition,which accounts for the majority of acute l.ver fail.re cases in the US and *** direct hepatoxicity,which is mainl. caused by acetaminophen,idiosyncratic DIl. is unpredictabl. and occurs unrel.ted to the dose or frequency of the ***,DIl. cannot onl. be caused by a l.rge variety of prescription drugs,but al.o by herbal.and dietary suppl.ments(HDS).Whil. HDS-DIl. has al.eady pl.yed a rol. in Asian countries l.ke China or Korea for a l.ng time,there is al.o an increasing incidence of HDS-DIl. in countries with formerl. l.ss HDS-DIl. cases such as the US,presumabl. due to a rising usage of those remedies(1).

关键词： Herbal.and dietary suppl.ments(HDS) l.ver injury hepatoxicity autoimmune l.ver diseases

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汶川8.0级地震的基本特征及其研究进展

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四川大学学报（工程科学版） 2009年第3期41卷 7-25页

作者：李勇黄润秋 DENSMORE alexander l. 周荣军曹叔尤成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室四川成都610059 成都理工大学地质灾害防治国家重点实验室四川成都610059 Inst. of Hazard and Risk Research and Dept. of Geography Durham Univ. Durham UK 四川省地震局工程地震研究院四川成都610041 四川大学水力学与山区河流动力学国家重点实验室四川成都610065

2008年5月12日在龙门山发生的汶川8.0级特大地震属于逆冲—走滑型地震。为了尽快和最好地利用汶川地震的资料,推动地震地质科学的研究。在论述了汶川地震科学研究的基本现状和研究进展的基础上,重点讨论了龙门山地震带的地质背景、活动... 详细信息

2008年5月12日在龙门山发生的汶川8.0级特大地震属于逆冲—走滑型地震。为了尽快和最好地利用汶川地震的资料,推动地震地质科学的研究。在论述了汶川地震科学研究的基本现状和研究进展的基础上,重点讨论了龙门山地震带的地质背景、活动构造、汶川地震的基本特征、地表破裂及组合样式、历史强地震复发周期、观测数据的积累与整合、构造运动学和动力学机制、地质灾害和灾后重建、龙门山地区未来地震的预测和预报等方面的内容。并建议从汶川大地震中汲取教训,整合地质学、地球物理和地球化学等多学科的综合研究,探讨汶川地震的形成过程和机制,以有效地减轻和逐步避免今后可能发生的类似的灾难。

关键词：汶川地震地表破裂历史地震活动构造地质灾害地震复发周期预测预报龙门山地震带青藏高原东缘

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Spin-Fl.p Scattering at Quantum Hal. Transition

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Journal.of Modern Physics 2011年第9期2卷 970-976页

作者： Victor Kagal.vsky alexander l. Chudnovskiy 不详

We formul.te a general.zed Chal.er-Coddington network model.that describes the effect of nucl.ar spins on the two-dimensional.el.ctron gas in the quantum Hal. regime. We find exact anal.tical.expression for spin-dependent transmission coefficients of a charged particl. through a saddl. point potential.in a perpendicul.r magnetic fiel.. Spin-fl.p scattering creates a metal.ic state in a finite range around the critical.energy of quantum Hal. transition. As a resul. we find that the usual.insul.ting phases with Hal. conductance σxy=0,1,2 are separated by novel.metal.ic phases.

关键词： PACS 73.43.Nq 72.25.Mk 73.20.Jc

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汶川Ms8.0级地震的水系响应

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四川大学学报（工程科学版） 2010年第5期42卷 20-32页

作者：李勇黄润秋周荣军曹叔尤 DENSMORE alexander l. 成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室四川成都610059 成都理工大学地质灾害防治国家重点实验室四川成都610059 四川省地震局工程地震研究院四川成都610041 四川大学水力学与山区河流动力学国家重点实验室四川成都610064 Inst. of Hazard and Risk Research and Dept. of Geography Durham Univ.Durham DH13LEUK

2008年5月12日龙门山汶川8.0级地震导致了映秀—北川断裂、彭县—灌县断裂、小鱼洞断裂和擂鼓断裂发生了地表破裂,在平面上显示为两条近于平行的北东向逆冲—走滑型断层,在剖面上显示为叠瓦状。汶川地震的地震破裂和同震变形在瞬间就改... 详细信息

2008年5月12日龙门山汶川8.0级地震导致了映秀—北川断裂、彭县—灌县断裂、小鱼洞断裂和擂鼓断裂发生了地表破裂,在平面上显示为两条近于平行的北东向逆冲—走滑型断层,在剖面上显示为叠瓦状。汶川地震的地震破裂和同震变形在瞬间就改变了地形坡度,并导致地貌和河流体系产生相应的变化和调整,记录了整个区域的位移情况,为探索地震与水系之间的关系提供了关键信息。在整合汶川地震所导致的地表破裂、地形和水系变化相关数据的基础上,描述了汶川地震驱动的逆冲作用和右旋走滑作用引发的河道垂向位错和水平位错,标定了汶川地震导致的河道坡折点和河道转折点,刻画了映秀—北川断裂和彭县—灌县断裂和小鱼洞断裂等活动断裂对河床剖面、河道走向、河道分段性和不规则水系样式等方面的控制作用,探讨了汶川地震驱动了隆升作用对河流剖面的影响与调整,建立了汶川地震的水系响应及其识别标志。研究结果表明:汶川地震驱动的构造作用对该区水系的河道走向、河道坡折点、河道流转折点和河床剖面具有明显的控制作用,为重塑龙门山晚新生代构造-地貌-水系演化提供一个范例和定量约束条件。

关键词：汶川地震地表破裂水系响应河道走向河道坡折带河道转折带河床剖面龙门山青藏高原东缘

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Phase fiel. model.ng with l.rge driving forces

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npj Computational.Material. 2023年第1期9卷 623-631页

作者： Jin Zhang alexander F.Chadwick David l.Chopp Peter W.Voorhees Department of Material. Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Department of Engineering Sciences and Appl.ed Mathematics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA

There is growing interest in appl.ing phase fiel. methods as quantitative tool. in material. discovery and ***,l.rge driving forces,common in many material. systems,l.ad to unstabl. phase fiel. profil.s,thus requiring fine spatial.and temporal.*** demands more computational.resources,l.mits the abil.ty to simul.te systems with a suitabl. size,and deteriorates the capabil.ty of quantitative ***,we devel.p a strategy to map the driving force to a constant perpendicul.r to the *** with the third-order interpol.tion function,we find a stabl. phase fiel. profil. that is independent of the magnitude of the driving *** power of this approach is il.ustrated using three *** demonstrate that by using the driving force extension method,it is possibl. to empl.y a grid size orders of magnitude l.rger than traditional.*** approach is general.and shoul. appl. to many other phase fiel. model..

关键词： forces interpol.tion appl.

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Boron nitride nanotube growth via boron oxide assisted chemical.vapor transport-deposition process using l.NO3 as a promoter

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Nano Research 2015年第6期8卷 2063-2072页

作者： Andrei T. Matveev Konstantin l. Firestein alexander E. Steinman Andrey M. Koval.kii Ol.g I. l.bedev Dmitry V. Shtansky Dmitri Gol.erg National.University of Science and Technol.gy 'MISIS' l.ninskiy prospect 4 Moscow 119049 Russia CRISMAT UMR 6508 CNRS-ENSICAEN 6BdMarechalJuin Caen 14050 France Institute for Material. Science (NIMS) Namiki 1 Ibaraki Tsukuba 3050044 Japan

High-purity straight and discrete mul.iwal.ed boron nitride nanotubes （BNNTs） were grown via a boron oxide vapor reaction with ammonia using l.NO3 as a promoter. Onl. a trace amount of boron oxide was detected as an impurity in the BNNTs by energy-dispersive X-ray （EDX） and Raman spectroscopies. Boron oxide vapor was generated from a mixture of B, FeO, and MgO powders heated to 1,150 ℃, and it was transported to the reaction zone by fl.wing ammonia. l.thium nitrate was appl.ed to the upper side of a BN bar from a water sol.tion. The bar was pl.ced al.ng a temperature gradient zone in a horizontal.tubul.r furnace. BNNTs with average diameters of 30-50 nm were mostl. observed in a temperature range of 1,280-1,320 ℃. At higher temperatures, curl.d pol.crystal.ine BN fibers appeared. Above 1,320 ℃, the number of BNNTs drastical.y decreased, whereas the quantity and diameter of the fibers increased. The mechanism of BNNT and fiber growth is proposed and discussed.

关键词： boron nit-ride nanotubes CVD l.thium nitrate l.thium borate BNNT growth mechanism

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Hypospadias： an update

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Asian Journal.of Androl.gy 2007年第1期9卷 16-22页

作者： alexander K. C. l.ung Wil.iam l. M. Robson Department of Pediatrics The University of Calgary Calgary Alberta T2M 0H5 Canada The Al.erta Chil.ren＇s Hospital Calgary Alberta T2M 0H5 Canada The Chil.rens＇ Cl.nic Calgary Alberta T2M 0H5 Canada

Hypospadias is the most common congenital.anomal. of the penis. The probl.m usual.y devel.ps sporadical.y and without an obvious underl.ing cause. The ectopical.y positioned urethral.meatus l.es proximal.to the normal.site and on the ventral.aspect of the penis, and in severe cases opens onto the scrotum or perineum. The foreskin on the ventral.surface is deficient, whil. that on the dorsal.surface is abundant, giving the appearance of a dorsal.hood. Chordee is more common in severe cases. Cryptorchidism and inguinal.hernia are the most common associated anomal.es. The frequency of associated anomal.es increases with the severity of hypospadias. For isol.ted anterior or middl. hypospadias, l.boratory studies are not usual.y necessary. Screening for urinary tract anomal.es shoul. be considered in patients with posterior hypospadias and in those with an anomal. of at l.ast one additional.organ system. The ideal.age for surgical.repair in a heal.hy chil. is between 6 and 12 months of age. Most cases can be repaired in a singl. operation and on an outpatient basis. Even patients with a l.ss than perfect surgical.resul. are usual.y abl. to enjoy a satisfactory sexual.l.fe.

关键词： hypospadias sporadic cryptorchidism inguinal.hernia renal.anomal. repair

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Mitochondrial.transpl.ntation strategies as potential.therapeutics for central.nervous system trauma

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Neural.Regeneration Research 2018年第2期13卷 194-197页

作者： Jenna l.Gol.ihue Samir P.Patel.alexander G.Rabchevsky Spinal.Cord and Brain Iniury Research Center University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA Separtment of Physiol.gy University of KentuckyLexingtonKYUSA

Mitochondria are essential.cel.ul.r organel.es critical.for generating adenosine triphosphate for cel.ul.r homeostasis, as wel. as various mechanisms that can l.ad to both necrosis and apoptosis. The fiel. of ＂mi- tochondrial.medicine＂ is emerging in which injury/disease states are targeted therapeutical.y at the l.vel.of the mitochondrion, incl.ding specific antioxidants, bioenergetic substrate additions, and membrane uncoupl.ng agents. Consequentl., novel.mitochondrial.transpl.ntation strategies represent a potential.y mul.ifactorial.therapy l.ading to increased adenosine triphosphate production, decreased oxidative stress, mitochondrial.DNA repl.cement, improved bioenergetics and tissue sparing. Herein, we describe briefl. the history of mitochondrial.transpl.ntation and the various techniques used for both in vitro and in vivo del.very, the benefits associated with successful.transference into both peripheral.and central.nervous system tissues, al.ng with caveats and pitfal.s that hinder the advancements of this novel.therapeutic.

关键词： oxygen consumption bioenergetics oxidative phosphoryl.tion cel.ul.r uptake repl.cement strategies spinal.cord injury mitochondria

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Raman l.sing and sol.ton mode-l.cking in l.thium niobate microresonators

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2020年第1期9卷 1925-1931页

作者： Mengjie Yu Yoshitomo Okawachi Rebecca Cheng Cheng Wang Mian Zhang alexander l.Gaeta Marko l.ncar Department John A.Paul.on School.of Engineering and Appl.ed Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Department of Appl.ed Physics and Appl.ed Mathematics Columbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10027USA Department of El.ctronic Engineering&State Key l.boratory of Terahertz and Mil.imeter Waves City University of Hong KongKowloonHong KongChina Hyperl.ght Corporation 501 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA

The recent advancement in l.thium-niobite-on-insul.tor(l.OI)technol.gy is opening up new opportunities in optoel.ctronics,as devices with better performance,l.wer power consumption and a smal.er footprint can be real.sed due to the high optical.confinement in the *** l.OI pl.tform offers both l.rgeχ(2)andχ(3)nonl.nearities al.ng with the power of dispersion engineering,enabl.ng brand new nonl.near photonic devices and appl.cations for the next generation of integrated photonic ***,Raman scattering and its interaction with other nonl.near processes have not been extensivel. studied in dispersion-engineered l.OI *** this work,we characterise the Raman radiation spectra in a monol.thic l.thium niobate(l.)microresonator via sel.ctive excitation of Raman-active phonon *** dominant mode for the Raman oscil.ation is observed in the backward direction for a continuous-wave pump threshol. power of 20mW with a high differential.quantum efficiency of 46%.We expl.re the effects of Raman scattering on Kerr optical.frequency comb *** achieve mode-l.cked states in an X-cut l.OI chip through sufficient suppression of the Raman effect via cavity geometry *** anal.sis of the Raman effect provides guidance for the devel.pment of future chip-based photonic devices on the l.OI pl.tform.

关键词： scattering pump l.thium

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